Key Concepts Chapters
Models of health Edelman Chapter1
Health Belief Model – this model helps in the understanding of factors influencing
patient’s perception, beliefs, and behavior to plan care that will most effectively assist
individuals in maintaining and restoring health and preventing illness.
o Perception of illness
o Serious of illness
o Likelihood the person will take preventative actions
Which interact with the environment to determine a person’s motivation, attitudes, and
actions to engage in health-promoting behaviors.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs – used by nurse to understand the interrelationships of basic
human needs. The higher ordered needs can only be met when the ones beneath have been
met satisfactorily: self – actualization, self-esteem needs, love and belonging needs, safety
and security needs (physical and psychological), and physiological needs.
Holistic Model – that view health by considering emotional, spiritual, and cultural well
being, this model of nursing understands the natural healing abilities of the body and accepts
alternative and complementary ideas to maintain wellness and achieve health and healing.
(ex. Patients are involved in healing process)
Transtheoretical Model of Change – the process of intentional behavior change. It is a
widely used model in smoking cessation programs. A person must move from one stage to
the other before lasting change occurs.
Clinical model – the absence and illness by conspicuous presence of signs and symptoms of
disease (not going to the doctor until the individual is very ill)
Eudaimonistic Model – Exuberant well being indicates optimal health
Basic human needs model – attempts to meet the patients basic needs
Adaptive model – Ability to adjust to social, mental and physiological changes in
the measure of the individual’s health
Role performance model – (sick role) individual ability to perform social roles
Health promotion model – directed at increasing a patients level of well-being;
complimentary counterpart to models of health protection
o individual characters/experiences
o behavior specific knowledge and effects
o behavioral outcomes
Medical model of health – indicating the assumption that abnormal; behavior is
the result of physical problems and should be treated medically.
Definition of Health Unit 1
Health is defined differently based on an individual's beliefs about the meaning of wellness.
more than an absence of disease; ability to fulfill roles; adaption and
rxn to environment; is a state of being that people define in relation to
their own values; personality and lifestyle
Cigarette Smoking Unit 7
, Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of disease, disability,
and death in the United States,
Homelessness Edelman Chapter2
Homelessness is a major public health issue. According to public health
organizations, absolute homelessness describes people without physical shelter
who sleep outdoors, in vehicles, in abandoned buildings, or in other places not
intended for human habitation.
o homeless people are at a higher risk of being exposed to disease, violence,
unsanitary conditions, malnutrition, stress, and addictive substances.
o Many diseases, including heart disease, cancer, liver disease, kidney
disease, skin infections, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, and tuberculosis, are
common among the homeless population
Office of Minority Health is a source of resource that provides statics and rate; it was reauthorized by the Patient Edelman Chapter2
Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
The Office of Minority Health improves and protects the health of racial
and ethnic minority populations through the development of health
policies and programs that concentrate on eliminating health
disparities. The National Institute on Minority Health and Health
Disparities, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and
National Institutes of Health all address health disparities among racial
and ethnic minorities, but their priorities are not in funding these
initiatives.
Cultural Competence Edelman Chapter 2
Contributes to mitigating health disparities and increases the likelihood of
diagnosing diseases that would most likely affect a given culture.
Is delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health
behavior.
Respects the underlying personal and cultural reality of individuals
The process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of
culturally congruent care.
o ASKED
1. Culture awareness
2. Culture knowledge
3. Culture skills
4. Culture encounters
5. Culture desire
HIPAA, is federal privacy standards were enacted by Congress requiring new safeguards to protect the Edelman Chapters 3 and 5
security and confidentiality of health information including paper, electronic, and oral
communications.
designate a privacy officer to ensure procedures are followed.
to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information in the face of advances in
electronic technology
Models of health Edelman Chapter1
Health Belief Model – this model helps in the understanding of factors influencing
patient’s perception, beliefs, and behavior to plan care that will most effectively assist
individuals in maintaining and restoring health and preventing illness.
o Perception of illness
o Serious of illness
o Likelihood the person will take preventative actions
Which interact with the environment to determine a person’s motivation, attitudes, and
actions to engage in health-promoting behaviors.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs – used by nurse to understand the interrelationships of basic
human needs. The higher ordered needs can only be met when the ones beneath have been
met satisfactorily: self – actualization, self-esteem needs, love and belonging needs, safety
and security needs (physical and psychological), and physiological needs.
Holistic Model – that view health by considering emotional, spiritual, and cultural well
being, this model of nursing understands the natural healing abilities of the body and accepts
alternative and complementary ideas to maintain wellness and achieve health and healing.
(ex. Patients are involved in healing process)
Transtheoretical Model of Change – the process of intentional behavior change. It is a
widely used model in smoking cessation programs. A person must move from one stage to
the other before lasting change occurs.
Clinical model – the absence and illness by conspicuous presence of signs and symptoms of
disease (not going to the doctor until the individual is very ill)
Eudaimonistic Model – Exuberant well being indicates optimal health
Basic human needs model – attempts to meet the patients basic needs
Adaptive model – Ability to adjust to social, mental and physiological changes in
the measure of the individual’s health
Role performance model – (sick role) individual ability to perform social roles
Health promotion model – directed at increasing a patients level of well-being;
complimentary counterpart to models of health protection
o individual characters/experiences
o behavior specific knowledge and effects
o behavioral outcomes
Medical model of health – indicating the assumption that abnormal; behavior is
the result of physical problems and should be treated medically.
Definition of Health Unit 1
Health is defined differently based on an individual's beliefs about the meaning of wellness.
more than an absence of disease; ability to fulfill roles; adaption and
rxn to environment; is a state of being that people define in relation to
their own values; personality and lifestyle
Cigarette Smoking Unit 7
, Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of disease, disability,
and death in the United States,
Homelessness Edelman Chapter2
Homelessness is a major public health issue. According to public health
organizations, absolute homelessness describes people without physical shelter
who sleep outdoors, in vehicles, in abandoned buildings, or in other places not
intended for human habitation.
o homeless people are at a higher risk of being exposed to disease, violence,
unsanitary conditions, malnutrition, stress, and addictive substances.
o Many diseases, including heart disease, cancer, liver disease, kidney
disease, skin infections, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, and tuberculosis, are
common among the homeless population
Office of Minority Health is a source of resource that provides statics and rate; it was reauthorized by the Patient Edelman Chapter2
Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
The Office of Minority Health improves and protects the health of racial
and ethnic minority populations through the development of health
policies and programs that concentrate on eliminating health
disparities. The National Institute on Minority Health and Health
Disparities, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and
National Institutes of Health all address health disparities among racial
and ethnic minorities, but their priorities are not in funding these
initiatives.
Cultural Competence Edelman Chapter 2
Contributes to mitigating health disparities and increases the likelihood of
diagnosing diseases that would most likely affect a given culture.
Is delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health
behavior.
Respects the underlying personal and cultural reality of individuals
The process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of
culturally congruent care.
o ASKED
1. Culture awareness
2. Culture knowledge
3. Culture skills
4. Culture encounters
5. Culture desire
HIPAA, is federal privacy standards were enacted by Congress requiring new safeguards to protect the Edelman Chapters 3 and 5
security and confidentiality of health information including paper, electronic, and oral
communications.
designate a privacy officer to ensure procedures are followed.
to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information in the face of advances in
electronic technology
