HESI A2 Biology Test 3 (Latest Update) Questions and Answers (100% Guaranteed Pass).

HESI A2 Biology Test 3 (Latest Update) Questions and Answers (100% Guaranteed Pass). Question: Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus? Transport proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell Question: What reads RNA produced in the nucleus and translate the genetic instructions provided to produce proteins. Ribosomes Question: Membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Lysosomes Question: Many cells uptake food through the cell membrane creating a food vacuole in a process known as phagocytosis Question: Biologic molecule component of the molecules of inheritance? Nucleic acids Question: Metabolic reactions in a cell progress from a standpoint of high energy to low energy Question: What are the two primary products of photosynthesis? Sugar and oxygen Question: Transcription takes place where? in the nucleus Transcription is when the DNA in a gene is copied to produce an RNA transcript called messenger RNA (mRNA). This is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase which uses available bases from the nucleus of the cell to form the mRNA. Question: Why is polarity the most important characteristic of water? The benefits of polarity are hydrogen bonding, a high specific heat value, strong cohesive and adhesive properties, and its versatility as a solvent. Question: High specific heat requires a lot of heat to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius Question: What type of bond forms between base pairs in DNA? hydrogen Question: During which phase of cell reproduction do the cell's chromosomes become visibly separate with each duplicated chromosome having two sister chromatids? Prophase Question: Which of the following organelles are responsible for producing energy for the cell? Mitochondrion and chloroplast -The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of most eukaryotic cells and is the site of cellular respiration. Chloroplasts are found in plants and are the site of photosynthesis. Question: Contains the DNA of a cell Nucleus Question: Contributes to protecting the cell outside elements, controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell, and engages in communication with other cells. cellular membrane Question: Cells with a high rate of protein synthesis generally have a large number of: Ribosomes Question: The digestive system of the cell Lysosomes Question: Provide storage for the cell Vacuoles Question: Description of a prokaryotic cell: Contains chromosomes, ribosomes, a plasma membrane and is enclosed in a cell wall Question: What are alleles? different variants of the same genes Question: How do the results of sexual reproduction differ from asexual reproduction? In asexual reproduction one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells; in sexual reproduction, two cells contribute genetic material resulting in significantly greater variation. Question: Equation that represents the simplified chemistry behind cellular respiration? C6 H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2 O + ATP The formula for cellular respiration is glucose plus oxygen produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP). Question: Which process forms gametes? Meiosis Question: What are the two categories of fatty acids? Saturated and unsaturated fat Question: If a substance is moving across a plasma membrane against the concentration gradient, what type of transport is required? Active transport a protein moves the material across the membrane from a region of lower concentration to a higher concentration.