Practical No.
Study of pathogenicity and mode of transmission of swine flu
Introduction
Swine flu is a respiratory disease in pigs that can also affect humans. It's caused by type
A influenza viruses, which are similar to the viruses that cause the human flu. This type A
influenza viruses that regularly cause outbreaks of influenza in pigs. Influenza viruses that
commonly circulate in swine are called “swine influenza viruses” or “swine flu viruses.” Like
human influenza viruses, there are different subtypes and strains of swine influenza viruses.
The main swine influenza viruses circulating in U.S. pigs in recent years have been, swine
triple (tr) H1N1 influenza virus, trH3N2 virus, and trH1N2 virus.
The swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide.
Transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is rare and does not always lead to human
illness, often resulting only in the production of antibodies in the blood. If transmission causes
human illness, it is called a zoonotic swine flu. People with regular exposure to pigs are at
increased risk of swine flu infections. Zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans
caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite) that can jump
from a non-human vertebrate to a human.
In April 2009, researchers discovered a new strain of H1N1. They detected it in the
United States first. The virus spread quickly across the U.S. and around the world. It spread
quickly because it was a new type of flu virus. Young people weren’t immune to the new virus
yet. Older people appeared to have some immunity to the virus. They may have had exposure
to an older strain of H1N1 that helped protect them. The new strain infected millions of people
worldwide. At least 150,000 people worldwide died. Eighty percent of those who died were
younger than 65. The World Health Organization (WHO) said the pandemic was over in
August 2010. However, people can still get and spread H1N1. H1N1 is one of the seasonal flu
viruses. It can cause illness, hospitalization and death.
Pathogenicity
Swine flu, or H1N1 influenza, is a respiratory infection that affects the upper and lower
respiratory tracts. The pathogenesis of swine flu is characterized by an inflammatory response
in the respiratory tract. Swine flu is spread through the air via droplets from coughing and
sneezing. The virus enters the body through the nasal cavity and large airways. The virus
Study of pathogenicity and mode of transmission of swine flu
Introduction
Swine flu is a respiratory disease in pigs that can also affect humans. It's caused by type
A influenza viruses, which are similar to the viruses that cause the human flu. This type A
influenza viruses that regularly cause outbreaks of influenza in pigs. Influenza viruses that
commonly circulate in swine are called “swine influenza viruses” or “swine flu viruses.” Like
human influenza viruses, there are different subtypes and strains of swine influenza viruses.
The main swine influenza viruses circulating in U.S. pigs in recent years have been, swine
triple (tr) H1N1 influenza virus, trH3N2 virus, and trH1N2 virus.
The swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide.
Transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is rare and does not always lead to human
illness, often resulting only in the production of antibodies in the blood. If transmission causes
human illness, it is called a zoonotic swine flu. People with regular exposure to pigs are at
increased risk of swine flu infections. Zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans
caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite) that can jump
from a non-human vertebrate to a human.
In April 2009, researchers discovered a new strain of H1N1. They detected it in the
United States first. The virus spread quickly across the U.S. and around the world. It spread
quickly because it was a new type of flu virus. Young people weren’t immune to the new virus
yet. Older people appeared to have some immunity to the virus. They may have had exposure
to an older strain of H1N1 that helped protect them. The new strain infected millions of people
worldwide. At least 150,000 people worldwide died. Eighty percent of those who died were
younger than 65. The World Health Organization (WHO) said the pandemic was over in
August 2010. However, people can still get and spread H1N1. H1N1 is one of the seasonal flu
viruses. It can cause illness, hospitalization and death.
Pathogenicity
Swine flu, or H1N1 influenza, is a respiratory infection that affects the upper and lower
respiratory tracts. The pathogenesis of swine flu is characterized by an inflammatory response
in the respiratory tract. Swine flu is spread through the air via droplets from coughing and
sneezing. The virus enters the body through the nasal cavity and large airways. The virus
