BLS Exam A m m
1. A 7-year-m
old boy has difficulty breathing and is wheezing. Vital signs are BP 94/62,
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mHR 128, m
and RR 32. What initial management should be performed?
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A. Open the airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver.
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B. Initiate bag-mask ventilation.
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C. Place the patient in the Trendelenburg position.
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D. Apply oxygen by nonrebreather mask.
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2. A 4-month-
m
old infant who has had vomiting and diarrhea for the past 36 hours is
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lethargic, has a weak cry, and has mottled skin color. Vital signs are BP 62/4
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6, HR 172, and
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RR 48. What do the signs and symptoms suggest?
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A. Respiratory arrest. m
B. Bacterial meningitis. m
C. Cardiogenic abnormality. m
D. Hypovolemic shock. m
3. What is the priority treatment for a child who is seizing?
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A. Open the airway. m m
B. Obtain a history. m m
C. Protect the cervical spine. m m m
D. Insert an oropharyngeal airway.
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,4. What should be included in the treatment of thermal burns to the ches
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t, abdomen, and
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legs?
A. Apply burn cream to burned areas. m m m m m
B. Administer 100% oxygen. m m
C. Apply wet dressings to the burned areas.
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D. Place the patient in the shock position.
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5. A 2-year- m
old boy, who is alert and crying, has multiple lacerations and a deformed
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mlower
leg after he was struck by a car. Additional assessment reveals that he has w
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arm, dry, pink m m
skin and bruising on the lateral right lower chest. What is the significance of
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the bruisingm
to the right side of his chest?
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A. The ribs are pliable, which makes organs more susceptible to underlyin
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g damage.
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B. The chest wall muscles absorb the energy of impact and protect underlyin
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g organs
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from injury. m
C. Rib fractures may be present because the chest wall is thin.
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D. The intercostal muscles may be damaged because they are not we
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ll developed.
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6. A 9-year- m
old patient fell down a steep incline after he rolled over the handleba
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rs of his
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bicycle. He was not wearing a helmet and has begun vomiting. How should
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you manage m
this patient? m
A. Elevate his head to 90 degrees. m m m m m
B. Begin suctioning the airway. m m m
C. Insert an oropharyngeal airway. m m m
D. Open the airway with a head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver.
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,7. Which of the following patients may have injuries that sugges
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t maltreatment?
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A. A 4-year-old with bilateral bruises to the shins.
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B. A 6-year-old with bruises throughout the back.
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C. An 8-year-old with a laceration on the face.
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D. A 10-year-old with several abrasions on the forearm.
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8. The history provided by the caregiver of which of the following patients
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is inconsistent
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with the injury?
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A. A 9-month-
m
old infant with a bump on the head from falling out of a highchair
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reaching for a toy. m m m
B. A 2-year-m
old boy with several small, healing circular burns from running into a lit
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cigarette.
C. A 2½-year-
m
old girl with a facial laceration from pulling a toaster off a counter.
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D. A 4-year-m
old boy with a wrist deformity from falling off a swing set at the park.
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9. A newborn who was just delivered at home has cyanosis of the hands an
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d feet, has a
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strong cry, and is moving her extremities vigorously. Vital signs are HR 164
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and RR 52. m m
What is the first step in managing this patient?
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A. Dry her and then wrap her in a blanket.
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B. Ventilate her with a bag-mask device. m m m m m
C. Give high-flow oxygen by nonrebreather mask.
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D. Maintain her airway using the jaw-thrust maneuver.
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, 10. What is the best way to obtain information about the medical history of
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a 6-year-old girl
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who is on a ventilator and has a tracheostomy?
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A. Ask the caregivers.
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B. Ask the home health agency.
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C. Contact the hospital where she is usually admitted.
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D. Contact her physician. m m
11. In what position should the child in mild respiratory distress be placed?
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A. Left lateral recumbent.
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B. Position of comfort. m m
C. Supine with feet up. m m m
D. On his or her right side.
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12. An 8-year- m
old boy has been sick for 3 days. He has been experiencing nausea and
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diarrhea that has become progressively worse. He is semi-
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responsive with pale and m m m
diaphoretic skin. It is difficult to obtain a BP. Other vital signs are HR 54 an
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d RR 10. What
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type of shock is this patient experiencing?
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A. Cardiogenic.
B. Hypovolemic.
C. Septic.
D. Neurogenic.