Pathophysiology HOSA Test Exam with Verified Solutions 2024/2025

Pathophysiology HOSA Test Exam with Verified Solutions 2024 Pathology - Answer -the study of disease Pathophysiology - Answer -study of the physiology of disease Syndrome - Answer -a concurrence of symptoms that appear in a disease state or morbid process Disease - Answer -absence of balance of the homeostatic state that normally exists in the body Hypertrophy - Answer -increased size of cell or organ unrelated to tumor Atrophy - Answer -wasting of tissues, organ or the entire body Dysplasia - Answer -tissue with cells of varying size and shape Hyperplasia - Answer -increase number of cells Metaplasia - Answer -one mature cell replaced by different mature cell Lesion - Answer -circumscribed (definite area) pathologic change in the tissues Ischemia - Answer -local anemia due to mechanical obstruction of vessel Infarction - Answer -area of necrosis (dead tissue) resulting from local arrest or sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood. Inflammation - Answer -fundamental pathologic process consisting of a dynamic complex of cytologic and histologic reactions that occur in tissues and blood vessels Metastatic - Answer -shifting of disease from one part of the body to another Benign - Answer -refers to mild character of an illness or non malignant character of neoplasm Malignant - Answer -resistant to treatment, occurring in severe form and frequently fatal Systemic - Answer -relates to entire organism as distinguished from any of its individual parts/ wide spread symptoms and destruction Etiology - Answer -cause of disease and all factors associated with causes that lead to the development of disease Infectious disease - Answer -bacterial or viral agent "passed" from person-to-personHeredity - Answer -transmitted from parent to offspring Mutation - Answer -change in genes (DNA) Developmental - Answer -mistake made as body develops Environmental - Answer -exposure to substance in environment Malnutrition - Answer -lack of proper dietary nutrients Stress - Answer -body's reactions to stimuli that disturb homeostasis Idiopathic - Answer -unknown cause Agenesis - Answer -failure of a part to form properly Congenital - Answer -exists at birth Degenerative - Answer -retrogressive pathological change in cells or tissues - deterioration in function Iatrogenic - Answer -results from treatment of disease Neoplastic - Answer -new growth of tissue through cellular proliferation Trauma - Answer -injury caused by rough contact with a physical object Endemic - Answer -refers to disease that is prevalent continually in a geographic location Epidemic - Answer -disease attacking many individuals in one community Pandemic - Answer -disease that affects the population of an extensive region, larger than epidemic Pathogenesis - Answer -Development of a disease encompassing progress of disease and symptoms; as disease progresses, changes occur in organism which are due to the disease process Chronic - Answer -develops slowly and lingers Acute - Answer -rapid onset Self-contained - Answer -keeps to one area and then clears up (rash) Continual - Answer -symptoms and exacerbations are frequent Manifestations - Answer -Display or disclosure of characteristics signs or symptoms of an illness; allow diagnosis to occur Signs - Answer -objective things like fever; observed by someone other than patient; measurable Symptoms - Answer -notable; subjective; felt by