Review Sheet--PSYC 1004, Exam 1 Kurt
A. Hoffman 2024/2025 Exam Questions
and Answers | A+ Score Assured
What psychology is - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Psychology is a science (that study
behaviors)
What psychologists do—jobs ('rule' of thirds, I/O psychology defined) - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Rule of third: clinicians, academics, administrators in
organizations.
Basic and applied psychology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Basic: Using the scientific
method to gain knowledge about topics in psychology. (To satisfy curiosity,
learn more.) Applied: Using knowledge to solve and prevent human
problems.
Culture, cognitive dissonance, and preferences regarding formal and
informal ways to address others - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Culture: Interrelated set
of beliefs, values, norms and habits in a group of people sharing some
common identity. We often seem to notice differences based on culture.
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Cognitive dissonance: Mental discomfort that occurs when a behavior is
inconsistent with an attitude or belief (or two attitudes are inconsistent with
each other) we might feel this if asked to do something that doesn't align
with our attitudes, or if someone points out a "mistake" we made.
History --- Philosophers/thinkers that preceded the first psychologists, the
earliest psychology labs, their methods, and perspectives; philosophical
roots, biological roots, and applications of psychology in education and
therapy. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Aristotle (4th century B.C.): Unlike Plato, who
thought we could understand merely through thought, Aristotle emphasized
importance of observing and experiencing the world - Important for science,
as it is based on observation. - Important for psychology, especially
learning research. Descartes (17th century) Much human behavior, and all
animal behavior is reflexive— automatic, and subject to natural, external
causes. Humans also possess a mind, not controlled by natural laws
(mindbody dualism). Wilhem Wundt (1832-1920): 1 st psychology lab, in
Germany Emphasized structuralism -- study of the structure of immediate
conscious experience Used introspection-- self-examination of mental
processes William James (1842-1910): American Emphasized
functionalism -- study of how the mind works, and why we behave/think the
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
A. Hoffman 2024/2025 Exam Questions
and Answers | A+ Score Assured
What psychology is - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Psychology is a science (that study
behaviors)
What psychologists do—jobs ('rule' of thirds, I/O psychology defined) - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Rule of third: clinicians, academics, administrators in
organizations.
Basic and applied psychology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Basic: Using the scientific
method to gain knowledge about topics in psychology. (To satisfy curiosity,
learn more.) Applied: Using knowledge to solve and prevent human
problems.
Culture, cognitive dissonance, and preferences regarding formal and
informal ways to address others - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Culture: Interrelated set
of beliefs, values, norms and habits in a group of people sharing some
common identity. We often seem to notice differences based on culture.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Cognitive dissonance: Mental discomfort that occurs when a behavior is
inconsistent with an attitude or belief (or two attitudes are inconsistent with
each other) we might feel this if asked to do something that doesn't align
with our attitudes, or if someone points out a "mistake" we made.
History --- Philosophers/thinkers that preceded the first psychologists, the
earliest psychology labs, their methods, and perspectives; philosophical
roots, biological roots, and applications of psychology in education and
therapy. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Aristotle (4th century B.C.): Unlike Plato, who
thought we could understand merely through thought, Aristotle emphasized
importance of observing and experiencing the world - Important for science,
as it is based on observation. - Important for psychology, especially
learning research. Descartes (17th century) Much human behavior, and all
animal behavior is reflexive— automatic, and subject to natural, external
causes. Humans also possess a mind, not controlled by natural laws
(mindbody dualism). Wilhem Wundt (1832-1920): 1 st psychology lab, in
Germany Emphasized structuralism -- study of the structure of immediate
conscious experience Used introspection-- self-examination of mental
processes William James (1842-1910): American Emphasized
functionalism -- study of how the mind works, and why we behave/think the
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
