3/24/25, 6:01 Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam Study Material - Key Terms and Definitions
PM Flashcards |
CHAMBERLAIN NR507 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (63)
- "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
- Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction - Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function,
doesn't destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of
cell/tissue damage; severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused
erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated
lysis.
- Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
Difference between type - Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen
2 & 3 hypersensitivity outside the cell surface that was released into the blood or body
reactions fluids, and the complex is then deposited in the tissues.
- Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction - Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis ( joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, organs)
1/
10
, 3/24/25, 6:01 Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam Study Material - Key Terms and Definitions
PM Flashcards |
- Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia,
lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
- Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop the
Autoimmunity same disease, but several members may have different disorders
characterized by a variety of hypersensitivity reactions (autoimmune
and allergic reactions).
- General term used to describe when an individual's immune system
reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same
Alloimmunity species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system
becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant
rejection, Transfusion reaction.
- T-cell mediated
- Lymphocytes
- Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes
Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction
- Delayed response
- Ex: localized contact dermatitis. Treated with a topical corticosteroid
(wouldn't use antihistamine since Type 4 doesn't involve mast cells and
H1 receptors).
- Type 1: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis,
are usually characterized by widely distributed lesions.
- Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of lesions
Differentiating between the rash of a only at the site of contact with the allergen.
Type 1 vs Type 4 Reaction
The key determinant is the timing of the rash:
-Type 1 = Immediate
-Type 4 = Delayed: Several days following contact, ex- poison ivy
- Most are the result of single gene defects.
- Occurs d/t immune system development defect.
- Antibody deficiencies, B- and T-cell deficiencies, phagocytic
Primary Immunodeficiency
cell defects, complement deficiency
- Ex: chronic granulomatous disease, familial Mediterranean fever,
common variable immunodeficiency
- Complication of some other physiologic condition or disease.
Secondary Immunodeficiency - Malnutrition is one of the most common causes worldwide.
- Cancer, drugs, chemotherapeutic agents.
Most of our body's iron stores come The recycling of iron from old red blood cells (RBCs)
from.....
2/
10
PM Flashcards |
CHAMBERLAIN NR507 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (63)
- "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
- Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction - Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function,
doesn't destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of
cell/tissue damage; severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused
erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated
lysis.
- Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
Difference between type - Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen
2 & 3 hypersensitivity outside the cell surface that was released into the blood or body
reactions fluids, and the complex is then deposited in the tissues.
- Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction - Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis ( joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, organs)
1/
10
, 3/24/25, 6:01 Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam Study Material - Key Terms and Definitions
PM Flashcards |
- Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia,
lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
- Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop the
Autoimmunity same disease, but several members may have different disorders
characterized by a variety of hypersensitivity reactions (autoimmune
and allergic reactions).
- General term used to describe when an individual's immune system
reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same
Alloimmunity species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system
becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant
rejection, Transfusion reaction.
- T-cell mediated
- Lymphocytes
- Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes
Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction
- Delayed response
- Ex: localized contact dermatitis. Treated with a topical corticosteroid
(wouldn't use antihistamine since Type 4 doesn't involve mast cells and
H1 receptors).
- Type 1: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis,
are usually characterized by widely distributed lesions.
- Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of lesions
Differentiating between the rash of a only at the site of contact with the allergen.
Type 1 vs Type 4 Reaction
The key determinant is the timing of the rash:
-Type 1 = Immediate
-Type 4 = Delayed: Several days following contact, ex- poison ivy
- Most are the result of single gene defects.
- Occurs d/t immune system development defect.
- Antibody deficiencies, B- and T-cell deficiencies, phagocytic
Primary Immunodeficiency
cell defects, complement deficiency
- Ex: chronic granulomatous disease, familial Mediterranean fever,
common variable immunodeficiency
- Complication of some other physiologic condition or disease.
Secondary Immunodeficiency - Malnutrition is one of the most common causes worldwide.
- Cancer, drugs, chemotherapeutic agents.
Most of our body's iron stores come The recycling of iron from old red blood cells (RBCs)
from.....
2/
10
