3/24/25, 6:01 NR507 week 2 Flashcards |
PM
NR507 WEEK 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED
Terms in this set (35)
Why are infants susceptible to significant Because an infant kidneys are not mature enough to count the fluid losses
losses in total body water(TBW)?
By an increase in the osmotic pressure of the plasma
When thirst is experienced, how are Thirst is experienced when water loss equals 2% of an individual's body weight or
Osmoreceptors activated? when there is an increase in osmolality. Dry mouth, hyperosmolality, and plasma
volume depletion activate Osmoreceptors (neurons located in the hypothalamus are
stimulated by increased osmolality)
The ratio between intracellular K+ and extracellular K+
What is the major determinant of the
The ratio of K + in the ICF to K + in the ECF is the major determinant as a resting
resting membrane potential necessary for
membrane potential, which is necessary for the transmission and conduction of
transmission of nerve impulses?
nerve impulses, maintenance of normal cardiac rhythms, and skeletal and
smooth muscle contraction
Physiologic pH is maintained around 7.4 20:1
because bicarbonate (HCO3)and carbonic
acid (H2CO3)exist in a ratio of
Tachycardia and weight loss
Marked water deficit is manifested by symptoms of dehydration: headache, thirst, dry
What are indications of dehydration? skin and mucous membranes, elevated temperature, weight loss, and decreased or
concentrated urine (with the exception of diabetes insipidus ).Skin turgor may be
normal or decreased. Symptoms of hypovolemia , including tachycardia, with pulses,
and postural hypotension May be present
Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign indicate Hypocalcemia
Loss of chloride causes retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance
When acid losses caused by vomiting with depletion of ECF and chloride, renal
How does the loss of chloride doing compensation is not very effective because the volume depletion and
vomiting cause metabolic alkalosis? lots of
electrolytes simulate a paradoxical response by the kidneys. The kidneys increase
sodium and bicarbonate reabsorption with excretion of hydrogen. Bicarbonate is
ribs are up to maintain an anionic balance because the ECF chloride concentration is
decreased
activation of surfactant in the impairment of type two alveolar cells
In ARDS, alveoli and respiratory
Lung formation and injury damages the alveolar epithelium and the vascular
bronchioles fill with fluid as a result of the:
endothelium. Surfactant is an activated, and it's production by type II alveolar cells
is impaired as alveoli and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid or collapse
Tension pneumothorax
Which plural abnormality involves the site
of Plearle ruptured that act as a one-way
Tension pneumothorax, this site of pleural rupture acts as a one-way valve,
valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration
permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing up during
by preventing its
expiration. As more and more air enters the plural space, air pressure in the
escape by closing during expiration?
pneumothorax begins to exceed barometric pressure
1/
3
PM
NR507 WEEK 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED
Terms in this set (35)
Why are infants susceptible to significant Because an infant kidneys are not mature enough to count the fluid losses
losses in total body water(TBW)?
By an increase in the osmotic pressure of the plasma
When thirst is experienced, how are Thirst is experienced when water loss equals 2% of an individual's body weight or
Osmoreceptors activated? when there is an increase in osmolality. Dry mouth, hyperosmolality, and plasma
volume depletion activate Osmoreceptors (neurons located in the hypothalamus are
stimulated by increased osmolality)
The ratio between intracellular K+ and extracellular K+
What is the major determinant of the
The ratio of K + in the ICF to K + in the ECF is the major determinant as a resting
resting membrane potential necessary for
membrane potential, which is necessary for the transmission and conduction of
transmission of nerve impulses?
nerve impulses, maintenance of normal cardiac rhythms, and skeletal and
smooth muscle contraction
Physiologic pH is maintained around 7.4 20:1
because bicarbonate (HCO3)and carbonic
acid (H2CO3)exist in a ratio of
Tachycardia and weight loss
Marked water deficit is manifested by symptoms of dehydration: headache, thirst, dry
What are indications of dehydration? skin and mucous membranes, elevated temperature, weight loss, and decreased or
concentrated urine (with the exception of diabetes insipidus ).Skin turgor may be
normal or decreased. Symptoms of hypovolemia , including tachycardia, with pulses,
and postural hypotension May be present
Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign indicate Hypocalcemia
Loss of chloride causes retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance
When acid losses caused by vomiting with depletion of ECF and chloride, renal
How does the loss of chloride doing compensation is not very effective because the volume depletion and
vomiting cause metabolic alkalosis? lots of
electrolytes simulate a paradoxical response by the kidneys. The kidneys increase
sodium and bicarbonate reabsorption with excretion of hydrogen. Bicarbonate is
ribs are up to maintain an anionic balance because the ECF chloride concentration is
decreased
activation of surfactant in the impairment of type two alveolar cells
In ARDS, alveoli and respiratory
Lung formation and injury damages the alveolar epithelium and the vascular
bronchioles fill with fluid as a result of the:
endothelium. Surfactant is an activated, and it's production by type II alveolar cells
is impaired as alveoli and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid or collapse
Tension pneumothorax
Which plural abnormality involves the site
of Plearle ruptured that act as a one-way
Tension pneumothorax, this site of pleural rupture acts as a one-way valve,
valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration
permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing up during
by preventing its
expiration. As more and more air enters the plural space, air pressure in the
escape by closing during expiration?
pneumothorax begins to exceed barometric pressure
1/
3
