Atomic Structure Topic - 3 13
Topic - 3 Atomic Structure
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
,Atomic Structure Topic - 3 14
P41/M/J/18/Q1
1 Substances can be classified as elements, compounds or mixtures.
(a) What is meant by the term compound ?
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Mixtures can be separated by physical processes.
A sequence of physical processes can be used to separate common salt (sodium chloride)
from a mixture containing sand and common salt only.
Give the order and the correct scientific term for the physical processes used to separate the
common salt from the mixture.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
3 .................................................................................................................................................
[4]
The boiling points of four different alcohols, A, B, C and D, are shown.
alcohol A B C D
boiling point / C 56 78 122 160
(c) A student suggested that the apparatus shown could be used to separate the mixture of
alcohols.
fractionating column X
mixture of
hot water alcohols
A, B, C and D
electric heater
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
,Atomic Structure Topic - 3 15
(i) Apparatus X needs to have cold water flowing through it.
● Draw an arrow on the diagram to show where the cold water enters apparatus X.
● Name apparatus X.
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Part of the fractionating column is missing. This means that the experiment will not work.
● Draw on the diagram the part of the fractionating column which is missing.
● Explain why the experiment will not work with this part of the fractionating column
missing.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) Suggest why a Bunsen burner is not used to heat the flask.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) A hot water bath cannot be used to separate alcohols C and D.
Explain why.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
, Atomic Structure Topic - 3 16
P41/M/J/18/Q2
2 Flerovium, Fl, atomic number 114, was first made in research laboratories in 1998.
(a) Flerovium was made by bombarding atoms of plutonium, Pu, atomic number 94, with atoms of
element Z.
● The nucleus of one atom of plutonium combined with the nucleus of one atom of element Z.
● This formed the nucleus of one atom of flerovium.
Suggest the identity of element Z.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) In which period of the Periodic Table is flerovium?
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Predict the number of outer shell electrons in an atom of flerovium.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(d) Two isotopes of flerovium are 286Fl and 289Fl. The nuclei of both of these isotopes are unstable
and emit energy when they split up.
(i) State the term used to describe isotopes with unstable nuclei.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Complete the table to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atoms of
the isotopes shown.
isotope number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons
286
Fl
289
Fl
[2]
(e) Only a relatively small number of atoms of flerovium have been made in the laboratory and the
properties of flerovium have not yet been investigated.
It has been suggested that flerovium is a typical metal.
(i) Suggest two physical properties of flerovium.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Suggest one chemical property of flerovium oxide.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 9]
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
Topic - 3 Atomic Structure
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
,Atomic Structure Topic - 3 14
P41/M/J/18/Q1
1 Substances can be classified as elements, compounds or mixtures.
(a) What is meant by the term compound ?
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Mixtures can be separated by physical processes.
A sequence of physical processes can be used to separate common salt (sodium chloride)
from a mixture containing sand and common salt only.
Give the order and the correct scientific term for the physical processes used to separate the
common salt from the mixture.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................
3 .................................................................................................................................................
[4]
The boiling points of four different alcohols, A, B, C and D, are shown.
alcohol A B C D
boiling point / C 56 78 122 160
(c) A student suggested that the apparatus shown could be used to separate the mixture of
alcohols.
fractionating column X
mixture of
hot water alcohols
A, B, C and D
electric heater
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
,Atomic Structure Topic - 3 15
(i) Apparatus X needs to have cold water flowing through it.
● Draw an arrow on the diagram to show where the cold water enters apparatus X.
● Name apparatus X.
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Part of the fractionating column is missing. This means that the experiment will not work.
● Draw on the diagram the part of the fractionating column which is missing.
● Explain why the experiment will not work with this part of the fractionating column
missing.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) Suggest why a Bunsen burner is not used to heat the flask.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) A hot water bath cannot be used to separate alcohols C and D.
Explain why.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
, Atomic Structure Topic - 3 16
P41/M/J/18/Q2
2 Flerovium, Fl, atomic number 114, was first made in research laboratories in 1998.
(a) Flerovium was made by bombarding atoms of plutonium, Pu, atomic number 94, with atoms of
element Z.
● The nucleus of one atom of plutonium combined with the nucleus of one atom of element Z.
● This formed the nucleus of one atom of flerovium.
Suggest the identity of element Z.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) In which period of the Periodic Table is flerovium?
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Predict the number of outer shell electrons in an atom of flerovium.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(d) Two isotopes of flerovium are 286Fl and 289Fl. The nuclei of both of these isotopes are unstable
and emit energy when they split up.
(i) State the term used to describe isotopes with unstable nuclei.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Complete the table to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atoms of
the isotopes shown.
isotope number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons
286
Fl
289
Fl
[2]
(e) Only a relatively small number of atoms of flerovium have been made in the laboratory and the
properties of flerovium have not yet been investigated.
It has been suggested that flerovium is a typical metal.
(i) Suggest two physical properties of flerovium.
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
2 ..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Suggest one chemical property of flerovium oxide.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 9]
Compiled by Hamza naseer O/A Levels Chemistry teacher for Cambridge,Edexcel,IB(MYP)&AP.
