APEA PRE-PREDICTOR 2024 – 2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
What is the biggest side effect of colchicine? - (ANSWER)diarrhea
How would you describe the appearance of molluscum contagiosum? - (ANSWER)papules that are
umbilicated and contain a caseous plug
How do we treat a broken clavicle in an infant? - (ANSWER)no treatment; it should heal on it's own
At what week of pregnancy is the uterus palpable just above the pubic symphysis? - (ANSWER)week 12
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus palpable halfway between the pubic symphysis and umbilicus?
- (ANSWER)week 16
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus at the umbilicus? - (ANSWER)week 20
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus halfway between the xiphoid process and
umbilicus? - (ANSWER)week 28
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus just below the xiphoid process? - (ANSWER)week 34
Increased sweat production is a sign of what endocrine disorder? - (ANSWER)hyperthyroidism
What is Paget's disease? - (ANSWER)there is localized increased bone turnover and blood flow resulting
in the breakdown of bone and replacing it with weakened and highly vascular bone putting the indiv at
increased risk of fractures
,How do we treat Paget's diseease? - (ANSWER)bisphosphonates
How should pregnant women wear their seatbelt? - (ANSWER)with the shoulder strap like a normal
person and then the groin strap below the belly and across the hips
What is another name for fifth disease? - (ANSWER)parvovirus aka slapped cheek disease aka erythema
infectiosum
Which type of prevention are vaccinations? - (ANSWER)primary
When should patients begin antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection? - (ANSWER)as soon as it is detected,
even if in the acute phase
What are the first generation antihistamines? - (ANSWER)diphenhydramine (benadryl) and
chlorpeniramine (actifed)
What are s/s of the secondary stage of syphilis? - (ANSWER)rash on hands and feet, lymphadenopathy,
fever
What is the recommended treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis? - (ANSWER)a fluoroquinolone
(cipro or levo) + bactrim
What is the recommended treatment for acute prostatitis? - (ANSWER)cipro (if not STI related) or
ceftriaxone
What are s/s of an intraductal breast papilloma? - (ANSWER)clear to bloody unilateral nipple discharge
(bilateral is usually benign), and also a wart like lump palpated in the nipple area
If a patient has GABHS but has an allergy to penicillins, what is the second line option? - (ANSWER)first
generation cephalosporins, unless the allergy is severe, then you would consider macrolides like a -mycin
,PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) are contraindicated in which patient populations? - (ANSWER)in
those who are on any type of nitrate or triptan because it could result in hypotension
What class of drug is sildenafil (viagra)? - (ANSWER)a PDE5 inhibitor which can cause hypotension so you
should do a full cardiac assessment before starting a patient on this and maybe do an EKG
What are the symptoms of peripheral artery disease? - (ANSWER)think P meaning pain, A meaning
absent or weak pulses, eschar or shiny legs, intermittent claudication
What is first line treatment for PAD? - (ANSWER)walking and physical activity to improve circulation.
second line is an aspirin or anti-platelet
What should we tell our patients with PAD NOT to do? - (ANSWER)do not elevate the feet; keep them
down
How do we diagnose PAD? - (ANSWER)an ABI < 7; doppler can also be used to diagnose as well but is the
second choice
What are s/s of peripheral vascular disease? - (ANSWER)think V meaning volume overload aka edema,
may ache or be uncomfortable but is not painful, bounding pulses, ruddy discoloration
If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on an antibiotic for an infection and Bactrim is
the drug of choice, what should you do? - (ANSWER)Bactrim increases INR so we would want to
decrease the coumadin dose while the patient is on this
If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on Rifampin, what should you do? -
(ANSWER)Rifampin decreases INR so we'd want to increase the coumadin dose
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 3.1-4 ,what should you do? - (ANSWER)decrease the weekly dose by 5-
10%
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 4.1-5.0, what should you do? - (ANSWER)hold one dose then decrease
the weekly dose by 10%
, If a patient's INR is greater than 5, what should you do? - (ANSWER)consult cards, likely would hold two
doses then decrease the weekly dose
An anorexic patient will have a BMI of what? - (ANSWER)less than 18
What is primary amenorrhea? - (ANSWER)when the patient has never gotten their period before (there
is an absence of menarche) but they have all of their secondary sex characteristics
Secondary amenorrhea is a lack of menses after _________ of not having a period; but you have had one
before - (ANSWER)3 months
What do we need to do first when a patient comes in with secondary amenorrhea? - (ANSWER)rule out
pregnancy
Anorexia can put you at risk for what? - (ANSWER)osteoporosis, amenorrhea, cardiac damage
Amenorrhea is considered a risk factor for what? - (ANSWER)osteoporosis
What is the best indication of an anorexic patient doing better? They tell you they are eating more, they
have weight gain, or they get their period back? - (ANSWER)they get their period back
If a pregnant woman has syphilis, what should we do? - (ANSWER)treat it with penicillin while she is
pregnant because there is risk for spontaneous abortion
What is the causative organism of mastitis? - (ANSWER)staph
What is the first line treatment for mastitis? - (ANSWER)keflex (a cephalosporin). If that doesn't work,
then try another antibiotic. If that STILL doesn't work, then refer for an ultrasound
What is one of the biggest risk factors for cervical cancer? - (ANSWER)numerous sexual partners
ANSWERS
What is the biggest side effect of colchicine? - (ANSWER)diarrhea
How would you describe the appearance of molluscum contagiosum? - (ANSWER)papules that are
umbilicated and contain a caseous plug
How do we treat a broken clavicle in an infant? - (ANSWER)no treatment; it should heal on it's own
At what week of pregnancy is the uterus palpable just above the pubic symphysis? - (ANSWER)week 12
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus palpable halfway between the pubic symphysis and umbilicus?
- (ANSWER)week 16
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus at the umbilicus? - (ANSWER)week 20
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus halfway between the xiphoid process and
umbilicus? - (ANSWER)week 28
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus just below the xiphoid process? - (ANSWER)week 34
Increased sweat production is a sign of what endocrine disorder? - (ANSWER)hyperthyroidism
What is Paget's disease? - (ANSWER)there is localized increased bone turnover and blood flow resulting
in the breakdown of bone and replacing it with weakened and highly vascular bone putting the indiv at
increased risk of fractures
,How do we treat Paget's diseease? - (ANSWER)bisphosphonates
How should pregnant women wear their seatbelt? - (ANSWER)with the shoulder strap like a normal
person and then the groin strap below the belly and across the hips
What is another name for fifth disease? - (ANSWER)parvovirus aka slapped cheek disease aka erythema
infectiosum
Which type of prevention are vaccinations? - (ANSWER)primary
When should patients begin antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection? - (ANSWER)as soon as it is detected,
even if in the acute phase
What are the first generation antihistamines? - (ANSWER)diphenhydramine (benadryl) and
chlorpeniramine (actifed)
What are s/s of the secondary stage of syphilis? - (ANSWER)rash on hands and feet, lymphadenopathy,
fever
What is the recommended treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis? - (ANSWER)a fluoroquinolone
(cipro or levo) + bactrim
What is the recommended treatment for acute prostatitis? - (ANSWER)cipro (if not STI related) or
ceftriaxone
What are s/s of an intraductal breast papilloma? - (ANSWER)clear to bloody unilateral nipple discharge
(bilateral is usually benign), and also a wart like lump palpated in the nipple area
If a patient has GABHS but has an allergy to penicillins, what is the second line option? - (ANSWER)first
generation cephalosporins, unless the allergy is severe, then you would consider macrolides like a -mycin
,PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) are contraindicated in which patient populations? - (ANSWER)in
those who are on any type of nitrate or triptan because it could result in hypotension
What class of drug is sildenafil (viagra)? - (ANSWER)a PDE5 inhibitor which can cause hypotension so you
should do a full cardiac assessment before starting a patient on this and maybe do an EKG
What are the symptoms of peripheral artery disease? - (ANSWER)think P meaning pain, A meaning
absent or weak pulses, eschar or shiny legs, intermittent claudication
What is first line treatment for PAD? - (ANSWER)walking and physical activity to improve circulation.
second line is an aspirin or anti-platelet
What should we tell our patients with PAD NOT to do? - (ANSWER)do not elevate the feet; keep them
down
How do we diagnose PAD? - (ANSWER)an ABI < 7; doppler can also be used to diagnose as well but is the
second choice
What are s/s of peripheral vascular disease? - (ANSWER)think V meaning volume overload aka edema,
may ache or be uncomfortable but is not painful, bounding pulses, ruddy discoloration
If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on an antibiotic for an infection and Bactrim is
the drug of choice, what should you do? - (ANSWER)Bactrim increases INR so we would want to
decrease the coumadin dose while the patient is on this
If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on Rifampin, what should you do? -
(ANSWER)Rifampin decreases INR so we'd want to increase the coumadin dose
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 3.1-4 ,what should you do? - (ANSWER)decrease the weekly dose by 5-
10%
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 4.1-5.0, what should you do? - (ANSWER)hold one dose then decrease
the weekly dose by 10%
, If a patient's INR is greater than 5, what should you do? - (ANSWER)consult cards, likely would hold two
doses then decrease the weekly dose
An anorexic patient will have a BMI of what? - (ANSWER)less than 18
What is primary amenorrhea? - (ANSWER)when the patient has never gotten their period before (there
is an absence of menarche) but they have all of their secondary sex characteristics
Secondary amenorrhea is a lack of menses after _________ of not having a period; but you have had one
before - (ANSWER)3 months
What do we need to do first when a patient comes in with secondary amenorrhea? - (ANSWER)rule out
pregnancy
Anorexia can put you at risk for what? - (ANSWER)osteoporosis, amenorrhea, cardiac damage
Amenorrhea is considered a risk factor for what? - (ANSWER)osteoporosis
What is the best indication of an anorexic patient doing better? They tell you they are eating more, they
have weight gain, or they get their period back? - (ANSWER)they get their period back
If a pregnant woman has syphilis, what should we do? - (ANSWER)treat it with penicillin while she is
pregnant because there is risk for spontaneous abortion
What is the causative organism of mastitis? - (ANSWER)staph
What is the first line treatment for mastitis? - (ANSWER)keflex (a cephalosporin). If that doesn't work,
then try another antibiotic. If that STILL doesn't work, then refer for an ultrasound
What is one of the biggest risk factors for cervical cancer? - (ANSWER)numerous sexual partners
