REHS KENTUCKY STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT SOLUTIONS 2024/2025

REHS KENTUCKY STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT SOLUTIONS 2024 What is the most plentiful form of available water? - Answer -Groundwater What are Waterborne Diseases? - Answer -Results from ingestion of water that is harboring a pathogen example: Typhoid fever. What are Water-washed Diseases? - Answer -Spread by fecal-oral route or person to person contact. Facilitated by lack of personal hygiene. What are Water-based Diseases? - Answer -Caused by infection arising through ingestion of pathogenic agent Example: guinea worm larvae, Termatode larvae. What are Water-related Diseases? - Answer -Facilitated by insects vector that breed in water: example filariastus abthropods that carry Dengue fever. What are Inhalation of contaminated water aerosols? - Answer -Legionella Pneumophila What is the ecologic agent of cyclosporiasis? - Answer -Cyclospora Cayetanensis What food is associated with cyclosporiasis? - Answer -Imported Raspberries, Lettuce form South America Most waterborne disease fatalities occurred before 1940 and were attributed to the waterborne illness? - Answer -Typhoid Fever Waters suitable for drinking water supplies and shellfish rearing are monitored routinely for? - Answer - Microbiological Quality Only what % of the global content of water constitutes fresh water? - Answer -2.6 or 3 Percent What is a waterborne disease that can be prevented through vaccinations is ? - Answer -Typhoid Fever or Cholera The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that ______% of all diseases are attributable to inadequate water or sanitation - Answer -80 Percent Viral infections readily spread through drinking water, food and water-contact recreation activities due to what? - Answer -The low infectious dose for pathogenic viruses and protoza. Shigellosis: - Answer -A bacteriaWhat is the specific agent for shingellosis? - Answer -Genus shingella Example: flexneri, sonnei, boydlii, and dysenteriae What is the Reservoir for shingellosis? - Answer -Feces of carriers and infected persons What are the symptoms of shingellosis? - Answer -Acute onset with diarrhea, fever, tenesmus, frequent stools containing blood and mucus. What is the incubation for shingellosis? - Answer -1-7 days, usually less than 4 days Botulism - Answer -Bacterial toxin What is the specific agent for botulism? - Answer -Clostridium botulinum and c para botulinum that produce toxins What is the reservoir for botulism? - Answer -Soil, dust, fruits, veggies, food, mud, fish, animals and human feces. What are the symptoms of botulism? - Answer -GI pain, diarrhea or constipation, prostration, difficulty swallowing, double vision, difficulty in respiration. What is the incubation period of botulism? - Answer -2 hours to 8 days, usually 12-36 hours Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Emetic Type) - Answer -Emetic= vomiting bacterial toxins What are the specific agent for Bacillus Cereus (Emetic Type)? - Answer -Bacillus Cereus, Toxins heat stable What is the reservoir for Bacillus Cereus (Emetic Type)? - Answer -Spores found in wide variety of cereals, spices, veggies, and milk. What are the symptoms for Bacillus Cereus (Emetic Type)? - Answer -Vomiting, diarrhea, and nausea What is the incubation period for Bacillus Cereus (Emetic Type)? - Answer -1- 6 hours Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Diarrheal Type) - Answer -Bacterial toxins What is the specific agent for Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Diarrheal Type)? - Answer -Bacillus cereus, toxin heat stable What is the reservoir for Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Diarrheal Type)? - Answer -Spores found in wide variety of cereals, spices, veggies, and milk. What are the symptoms for Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Diarrheal Type)? - Answer -Diarrhea, cramps, and vomiting sometimes What is the incubation period for Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Diarrheal Type)? - Answer -6-16 hoursTyphoid Fever - Answer -Bacteria What is the specific agent for typhoid fever? - Answer -Typhoid bacillus, salmonella typhi What is the reservoir for typhoid fever? - Answer -Feces and urine of typhoid carrier in patient What are the symptoms of typhoid fever? - Answer -General infection characterized by continued fever, usually rose spots on the trunk and diarrhea disturbances. What is the incubation period for typhoid fever? - Answer -Average 14 days, usually 7-21 days Campylobacter Enteritis - Answer -Bacteria What is the specific agent of Campylobacter Enteritis - Answer -Campylobactor Jejuni What is the reservoir of Campylobacter Enteritis? - Answer -Chickens, swine, dogs, cats, human, raw milk, contaminated H2O What are the symptoms of Campylobacter Enteritis? - Answer -Watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, blood in stool