Test Bank For Microbiology The Human Experience 2nd Edition By John W Foster, Zarrintaj Aliabadi, Joan L Slonczewski 9780393533248 Chapter 1-27 Complete Guide.pdf

Test Bank For Microbiology: The Human E
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xperience 2nd Edition By John W Foster, Z m m m m m m m



arrintaj Aliabadi, Joan L Slonczewski m m m m




What is the concept of spontaneous generation? -
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ANSWER ✔️ living organisms could develop from nonliving or de
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composing matter m




Who challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by showi
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ng that maggots on decaying meat came from flies, not from the m
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eat itself? - ANSWER ✔️ Francesco Redi
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Who showed that mutton broth boiled in flasks and then sealed co
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uld still develop microorganisms, which supported the theory of sp
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ontaneous generation? - ANSWER ✔️ John Needham
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Who showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no growth of
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microorganisms? - ANSWER ✔️ Lazzaro Spallanzani m m m m m




Who proposed that air carried germs? - ANSWER ✔️ Spallanzani
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Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? -
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m ANSWER ✔️ Louis Pasteur m m m




Who demonstrated that dust carried microbes and proved evidenc
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e for the existence of heat- resistant forms of bacteria? -
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m ANSWER ✔️ John Tyndall m m m

,Who showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus? -
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m ANSWER ✔️ Agostino Bassi m m m




Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight was caused by a w
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ater mold? - ANSWER ✔️ M. J. Berkely
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Who showed that the pebrine disease of silkworms was caused b
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y a protozoan parasite? - ANSWER ✔️ Louis Pasteur
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Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microor
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ganisms from entering wounds? - ANSWER ✔️ John Lister
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Who transformed the practice of surgery? - ANSWER ✔️ John Lister
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Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and a
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nthrax? - ANSW ER ✔️ Robert Koch
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What are the Koch Postulates? -
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ANSWER ✔️ 1.The microorganisms must be present in every cas
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e of the disease but absent from healthy individuals
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2. The suspected microorganisms must be isolated and grown in
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pure culture m



3. The same disease must result when the isolated
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mmicroorganism is inoculated into a healthy host m m m m m m



4. The same microorganism must be isolated again from the
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diseased host m

,Limitations of Koch's Postulates - ANSWER ✔️ -
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Some organisms cannot be grown in pure culture
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-Using humans in completing the postulates is unethical
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-Molecular and genetic evidence may replace m m m m m




What vaccination did Edward Jenner make? - ANSWER ✔️
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smallpox vaccination m




What vaccinations did Pasteur produce? -
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m ANSWER ✔️ chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax
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Who induced formation of dipped toxin-antitoxins rabbits -
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m ANSWER ✔️ Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato
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Who showed that the silkworm disease was caused by fungus? -
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m ANSWER ✔️ Bassi m m




Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight of Ireland was cau
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sed by a water mold? - ANSWER ✔️ M.J. Berkeley
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Who showed that the perbrine disease of silkworms was caused b
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y a protozoan parasite? - ANSWER ✔️ Louis Pasteur
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A simple morphology and lack a true membrane-
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delimited nucleus - ANSWER ✔️ prokaryotes
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What is a morphologically complex and has a membrane-
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m enclosed nucleus? - ANSWER ✔️ Eucaryotes
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, What let to the discovery of viruses as disease causing agents? -
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mANSWER ✔️ bacterial filter that removed bacteria and larger micro
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bes (Charles Chamberland)
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The five kingdom classification scheme is -
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ANSWER ✔️ the Monera or Procaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Animali
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a, and Plantae
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What are ribozymes? -
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ANSWER ✔️ RNA molecules that form peptide bonds and perform
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cellular work and replication
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The three domain scheme is -
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m ANSWER ✔️ Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
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The three domain scheme is based on? -
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m ANSWER ✔️ a comparaison of ribosomal RNA
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The earliest cells may have been -
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m ANSWER ✔️ RNA surrounded by liposomes
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What are the three bacterial morphology? - ANSWER ✔️ -
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mbacillus (little rod) m m


-coccus (grain or berry) m m m



-spirillum (coiled or helical) m m m




What are the types of light microscopes? - ANSWER ✔️ -bright-
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mfield microscope
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-dark-field microscope m



-phase-contrast microscope m



-fluorescence microscopes m