3/25/25, 5:44 AQA GCSE PE Blood Vessels |
PM
AQA GCSE PE BLOOD VESSELS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (20)
Describe the lumen size of arteries. Narrow (to maintain high blood pressure).
Describe the walls of arteries. Thick walls made of elastic fibres (muscular).
What is the function of arteries? Carry oxygenated blood at a high pressure from the heart to the body.
Describe the lumen size of veins. Wide (to ease the flow of blood).
Describe the walls of veins. Thin walls containing valves to prevent backflow.
What is the function of veins? Carry deoxygenated blood at low pressure from the body to the heart.
Describe the walls of capillaries. Walls that are only one cell thick.
What is the function of capillaries? Allow the exchange of materials between tissues and blood.
What is vasodilation? Blood vessels leading to the working muscles open (dilate) to increase blood flow.
Blood vessels leading to non-essential organs close (constrict) to reduce blood
What is vasoconstriction?
flow.
The blood is at a high pressure in the arteries as it has just been pumped from the
Blood pressure in arteries
heart to body
Blood pressure in veins Blood is at very low pressure.
• Most arteries transport oxygenated blood and most veins transport
Arteries have a thick layer of muscle deoxygenated blood
compared to the thin muscular walls of • Pulmonary artery (carries deoxygenated blood) and pulmonary vein
veins. Other than thickness, describe two (carries oxygenated blood) are exceptions to this.
other differences between arteries and • Arteries transport blood away from the heart and veins transport blood back
veins. to the heart
• Arteries have no valves and veins have valves (to prevent the back flow of blood)
• such as arteries dilating during exercise so that more blood is delivered to
Example of vasodilation active areas and working muscles
• effectively increasing their oxygen supply
• such as arteries constricting during exercise
Example of vasoconstriction
• less blood is delivered to inactive areas eg stomach
1. Vascular shunt mechanism
2. More blood delivered to the working muscles/vasodilation
of blood vessels
3. E.g. - Increased blood supply to the quadriceps during a
Using practical examples, describe the
game of hockey
redistribution of blood during exercise.
4. Decrease in blood flow to other organs/vasoconstriction of
blood vessels
5. E.g. - Decreased blood supply to the
liver/kidney/intestines during a game of hockey
1/
2
PM
AQA GCSE PE BLOOD VESSELS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (20)
Describe the lumen size of arteries. Narrow (to maintain high blood pressure).
Describe the walls of arteries. Thick walls made of elastic fibres (muscular).
What is the function of arteries? Carry oxygenated blood at a high pressure from the heart to the body.
Describe the lumen size of veins. Wide (to ease the flow of blood).
Describe the walls of veins. Thin walls containing valves to prevent backflow.
What is the function of veins? Carry deoxygenated blood at low pressure from the body to the heart.
Describe the walls of capillaries. Walls that are only one cell thick.
What is the function of capillaries? Allow the exchange of materials between tissues and blood.
What is vasodilation? Blood vessels leading to the working muscles open (dilate) to increase blood flow.
Blood vessels leading to non-essential organs close (constrict) to reduce blood
What is vasoconstriction?
flow.
The blood is at a high pressure in the arteries as it has just been pumped from the
Blood pressure in arteries
heart to body
Blood pressure in veins Blood is at very low pressure.
• Most arteries transport oxygenated blood and most veins transport
Arteries have a thick layer of muscle deoxygenated blood
compared to the thin muscular walls of • Pulmonary artery (carries deoxygenated blood) and pulmonary vein
veins. Other than thickness, describe two (carries oxygenated blood) are exceptions to this.
other differences between arteries and • Arteries transport blood away from the heart and veins transport blood back
veins. to the heart
• Arteries have no valves and veins have valves (to prevent the back flow of blood)
• such as arteries dilating during exercise so that more blood is delivered to
Example of vasodilation active areas and working muscles
• effectively increasing their oxygen supply
• such as arteries constricting during exercise
Example of vasoconstriction
• less blood is delivered to inactive areas eg stomach
1. Vascular shunt mechanism
2. More blood delivered to the working muscles/vasodilation
of blood vessels
3. E.g. - Increased blood supply to the quadriceps during a
Using practical examples, describe the
game of hockey
redistribution of blood during exercise.
4. Decrease in blood flow to other organs/vasoconstriction of
blood vessels
5. E.g. - Decreased blood supply to the
liver/kidney/intestines during a game of hockey
1/
2
