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URBS 230 FINAL EXAM (ACTUAL 2025/2026)
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS| CERTIFIED QUALITY
Adapting to extreme heat (3 steps) - (answers)- Emergency planning and response
- Urban greening
- Building retrofits
Montreal, Extreme Heat definition - (answers)3 consecutive days of day time
temperatures over 33°C and nighttime temperatures over 20°C
How many people were killed in 2018, Montreal heat wave - (answers)66 people
The Aim of Urban Greening - (answers)to use nature-based solutions to reduce
urban heat island effect and extreme temperatures
Examples of urban greening (4) - (answers)- Public parks
- Urban tree canopy
- Green roofs
- Protection of natural spaces
Improving Buildings (heat waves) (4) - (answers)- building orientation
- Insulation
- reflecting surface materials
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- light roofs (green, white)
Improving Urban Design (heat waves) (3) - (answers)- light coloured pavement
- N/S street orientation reduces sun exposure
- walkability to reduce waste heat from vehicles
Adapting to flood risks (4 steps) - (answers)1. resist
2. Accomodate
3. Retreat
4. Avoid
Historically, flood management was about _____? - (answers)Resistance
Resistance of water def. & examples (3) - (answers)keeping water out through
structural control measures
Examples: levees, flood gates, sea walls
Where does the water go instead? - (answers)- areas considered lower value
- other communities
Idea of accommodating water - (answers)direct water away from causing direct
damage to buildings and infrastructure.
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Steps of accommodation (3) - (answers)1. Raising flood construction levels of
buildings
2. Building flood water storage capacity, like retention ponds or water plazas
3. Nature-based solutions like protecting and restoring wetlands
Types of retreat (2) - (answers)Autonomous
Coordinated
Autonomous retreat - (answers)People relocate individually to safer places
Coordinated retreat - (answers)Government programs to move people or assets.
Government buy-out programs.
Step one of avoiding flooding - (answers)Strengthen land use regulations to
prevent construction of new infrastructure in at-risk areas.
Step two of avoiding flooding + example - (answers)Use pricing and mandatory
disclosures (example: flood risk insurance)
Global adaptation (3) - (answers)- Adaptation is emerging in most regions,
particularly in Africa and Asia.
URBS 230 FINAL EXAM (ACTUAL 2025/2026)
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS| CERTIFIED QUALITY
Adapting to extreme heat (3 steps) - (answers)- Emergency planning and response
- Urban greening
- Building retrofits
Montreal, Extreme Heat definition - (answers)3 consecutive days of day time
temperatures over 33°C and nighttime temperatures over 20°C
How many people were killed in 2018, Montreal heat wave - (answers)66 people
The Aim of Urban Greening - (answers)to use nature-based solutions to reduce
urban heat island effect and extreme temperatures
Examples of urban greening (4) - (answers)- Public parks
- Urban tree canopy
- Green roofs
- Protection of natural spaces
Improving Buildings (heat waves) (4) - (answers)- building orientation
- Insulation
- reflecting surface materials
,2|Page
- light roofs (green, white)
Improving Urban Design (heat waves) (3) - (answers)- light coloured pavement
- N/S street orientation reduces sun exposure
- walkability to reduce waste heat from vehicles
Adapting to flood risks (4 steps) - (answers)1. resist
2. Accomodate
3. Retreat
4. Avoid
Historically, flood management was about _____? - (answers)Resistance
Resistance of water def. & examples (3) - (answers)keeping water out through
structural control measures
Examples: levees, flood gates, sea walls
Where does the water go instead? - (answers)- areas considered lower value
- other communities
Idea of accommodating water - (answers)direct water away from causing direct
damage to buildings and infrastructure.
, 3|Page
Steps of accommodation (3) - (answers)1. Raising flood construction levels of
buildings
2. Building flood water storage capacity, like retention ponds or water plazas
3. Nature-based solutions like protecting and restoring wetlands
Types of retreat (2) - (answers)Autonomous
Coordinated
Autonomous retreat - (answers)People relocate individually to safer places
Coordinated retreat - (answers)Government programs to move people or assets.
Government buy-out programs.
Step one of avoiding flooding - (answers)Strengthen land use regulations to
prevent construction of new infrastructure in at-risk areas.
Step two of avoiding flooding + example - (answers)Use pricing and mandatory
disclosures (example: flood risk insurance)
Global adaptation (3) - (answers)- Adaptation is emerging in most regions,
particularly in Africa and Asia.
