3/27/25, 7:11 Nr601 midterm study review |
PM
NR601 MIDTERM STUDY REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (156)
Changes in the elderly are due to each of these factors 1/4 of time:
-Disease
What is the rule of fourths? -Disuse - being sedentary
-Misuse - misusing joint earlier in life (e.g., football player)
-Physiologic aging
What is it important to know about There are no developmental norms for later ages, protocols are less valuable, and
developmental changes in the elderly? care must be individualized.
Lower self esteem, reduce opportunities, and lead to isolation, loneliness and
What can ageism do?
depression
Why are older adults more likely to Forgetfulness, thinking its a normal part of aging, embarrassed, afraid to loose
underreport symptoms? independence.
Illness caused by medical interventions.it is the most common preventable problem
Iatrogenic illness is?
experienced by older people.
Flu-annually
Tdap -atleast one dose after
65. Tetanus- every 10 years
Discuss for older adults?
Shingles - 2 doses, 2-5 months apart. If had zoster in the past.
Pnemococcal - atleast one dose <65yrs
Consider PCV 13 it high risk
• Begin at the age of 65.
When should bone density screening be
• Postmenopausal women younger than 65 years with other risk factors for
initiated?
fracture. Men older than 70, or 50-70 if they have risk factors
What predicts future fracture risk? Bone mineral density testing with FRAX ( fracture risk assessment tool )
Colorectal cancer screenings are done Persons age 50-74; yearly FOB or FIT, every 1-3 years FIT DNA, every 5 years
when? sigmoidoscopy, every 10 years colonoscopy.
Biannual for women 50-74. After 75, it is up to Patient and clinician. AGS recommends
Breast cancer Screenings are done when?
continued screening is reasoning as long as the patient has a 10 year life
expectancy.
Cervical cancer screenings are done 21-65 years. Unnecesary to screen >65 who have had adequate screening and
when? women who have had hysterectomy with cervix removal. Only screen >65 if @ risk.
USPSTF recommends against regularly screening bc it only offers a small benefit.
Prostate screening is done when? The potential harms of small positives that can lead to over diagnosis and over
treatment. Only people @high risk ages 55-64 (black men and family hx) should be
tested.
HIV screening should be done when? CDC recommends until 64. Only > 64 if Patient is high risk.
When should smoking cessation be done? @ Any age.
What two non-nicotine pharmacological Bupropion SR and Varenicline(Chantix).
agents are used fur smoking cessation?
What are the 5 A's of smoking cessation? Assess, advise, agree, assist, arrange.
1/
5
, 3/27/25, 7:11 Nr601 midterm study review |
PM
What is the exercise goal 150 mins/week
recommendation?
Try non-pharmacological approaches first. Or try smaller dose with behavioral
How should poly pharmacy be reduced?
therapy for a better effect.
What screenings are used for alcohol The CAGE questionnaire. And MAST
abuse?
Which alcohol screening is best for primary The CAGE questionnaire, it is straight forward only uses 4 yes/no questions.
care settings? Why
It assess, the #of daily meals, unintentional weight loss, dental issues, finance,
What does the nutritional screening assess?
function for shopping, and meal preparation.
And what does it help identify?
Helps identify individuals who are malnourished or at risk.
A 3 min assessment tool contains a clock drawing test combines with three item
What is the mini cog?
recall.
If a patient has subjective memory complains or if clinician observes Red flags" that
When is cognitive screening necessary?
may indicate cognitive change.
What is the Beers criteria? lists potentially inappropriate drugs that lead to adverse effects in the elderly.
The BEERS criteria is made for who? Older adults ages 65 and older. Except hospice and palliative care.
What are the 4 domains of patient care? Mental, physical, functional, social/economic.
Functional screening is used for what? Reflect pts overall health status and quality of life.
ADL's: things need to be done everyday.
Which are the functional screenings? IADLs: instrumental activities of daily living- tasks required to maintain a household
but do not need to be done everyday. ( telephone, shopping, making bed)
To Assess fall risk, gait and lower leg function. It's timed to assess how long it takes
Chat is the times up and go test?
to walk 10 feet and back.
Who is at risk for falling with the TUG test? An older adults who takes longer than 12 seconds to complete the test
What is the guideline for diagnosing High BP on two or more separate occasions.
hypertension?
Elevated HTN? > 120/> 80
Stage 1 HTN? 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 HTN? > or equal to 140 or > or equal to 90
Markedly elevated or severe HTN? > 180/> 110
Patients who BP remains above goals despite treatment with three or more
What is resistant hypertension? medications at optimal doses, including a diuretic OR those who require 4 or more
meds for control.
What is the most common cause of No adherence to prescribed meds.
resistant hypertension?
What is the 1st line therapy for adults > 60 Diuretics and CCBS
yrs for HTN?
What BP meds can be used but are ACES /ARBS
potentially less effective in older adults?
Which BP medication is not recommended BBs, can increase risk for stroke.
for first line therapy in older adults ?
Why
If pt has CKD, what drugs can be used for ACE/ARBs
BP?
2/
5
PM
NR601 MIDTERM STUDY REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (156)
Changes in the elderly are due to each of these factors 1/4 of time:
-Disease
What is the rule of fourths? -Disuse - being sedentary
-Misuse - misusing joint earlier in life (e.g., football player)
-Physiologic aging
What is it important to know about There are no developmental norms for later ages, protocols are less valuable, and
developmental changes in the elderly? care must be individualized.
Lower self esteem, reduce opportunities, and lead to isolation, loneliness and
What can ageism do?
depression
Why are older adults more likely to Forgetfulness, thinking its a normal part of aging, embarrassed, afraid to loose
underreport symptoms? independence.
Illness caused by medical interventions.it is the most common preventable problem
Iatrogenic illness is?
experienced by older people.
Flu-annually
Tdap -atleast one dose after
65. Tetanus- every 10 years
Discuss for older adults?
Shingles - 2 doses, 2-5 months apart. If had zoster in the past.
Pnemococcal - atleast one dose <65yrs
Consider PCV 13 it high risk
• Begin at the age of 65.
When should bone density screening be
• Postmenopausal women younger than 65 years with other risk factors for
initiated?
fracture. Men older than 70, or 50-70 if they have risk factors
What predicts future fracture risk? Bone mineral density testing with FRAX ( fracture risk assessment tool )
Colorectal cancer screenings are done Persons age 50-74; yearly FOB or FIT, every 1-3 years FIT DNA, every 5 years
when? sigmoidoscopy, every 10 years colonoscopy.
Biannual for women 50-74. After 75, it is up to Patient and clinician. AGS recommends
Breast cancer Screenings are done when?
continued screening is reasoning as long as the patient has a 10 year life
expectancy.
Cervical cancer screenings are done 21-65 years. Unnecesary to screen >65 who have had adequate screening and
when? women who have had hysterectomy with cervix removal. Only screen >65 if @ risk.
USPSTF recommends against regularly screening bc it only offers a small benefit.
Prostate screening is done when? The potential harms of small positives that can lead to over diagnosis and over
treatment. Only people @high risk ages 55-64 (black men and family hx) should be
tested.
HIV screening should be done when? CDC recommends until 64. Only > 64 if Patient is high risk.
When should smoking cessation be done? @ Any age.
What two non-nicotine pharmacological Bupropion SR and Varenicline(Chantix).
agents are used fur smoking cessation?
What are the 5 A's of smoking cessation? Assess, advise, agree, assist, arrange.
1/
5
, 3/27/25, 7:11 Nr601 midterm study review |
PM
What is the exercise goal 150 mins/week
recommendation?
Try non-pharmacological approaches first. Or try smaller dose with behavioral
How should poly pharmacy be reduced?
therapy for a better effect.
What screenings are used for alcohol The CAGE questionnaire. And MAST
abuse?
Which alcohol screening is best for primary The CAGE questionnaire, it is straight forward only uses 4 yes/no questions.
care settings? Why
It assess, the #of daily meals, unintentional weight loss, dental issues, finance,
What does the nutritional screening assess?
function for shopping, and meal preparation.
And what does it help identify?
Helps identify individuals who are malnourished or at risk.
A 3 min assessment tool contains a clock drawing test combines with three item
What is the mini cog?
recall.
If a patient has subjective memory complains or if clinician observes Red flags" that
When is cognitive screening necessary?
may indicate cognitive change.
What is the Beers criteria? lists potentially inappropriate drugs that lead to adverse effects in the elderly.
The BEERS criteria is made for who? Older adults ages 65 and older. Except hospice and palliative care.
What are the 4 domains of patient care? Mental, physical, functional, social/economic.
Functional screening is used for what? Reflect pts overall health status and quality of life.
ADL's: things need to be done everyday.
Which are the functional screenings? IADLs: instrumental activities of daily living- tasks required to maintain a household
but do not need to be done everyday. ( telephone, shopping, making bed)
To Assess fall risk, gait and lower leg function. It's timed to assess how long it takes
Chat is the times up and go test?
to walk 10 feet and back.
Who is at risk for falling with the TUG test? An older adults who takes longer than 12 seconds to complete the test
What is the guideline for diagnosing High BP on two or more separate occasions.
hypertension?
Elevated HTN? > 120/> 80
Stage 1 HTN? 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 HTN? > or equal to 140 or > or equal to 90
Markedly elevated or severe HTN? > 180/> 110
Patients who BP remains above goals despite treatment with three or more
What is resistant hypertension? medications at optimal doses, including a diuretic OR those who require 4 or more
meds for control.
What is the most common cause of No adherence to prescribed meds.
resistant hypertension?
What is the 1st line therapy for adults > 60 Diuretics and CCBS
yrs for HTN?
What BP meds can be used but are ACES /ARBS
potentially less effective in older adults?
Which BP medication is not recommended BBs, can increase risk for stroke.
for first line therapy in older adults ?
Why
If pt has CKD, what drugs can be used for ACE/ARBs
BP?
2/
5
