EPPP BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR FINAL PAPER
2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔In the context of the ways in which the brain repairs itself, substitution of function
refers to the process by which - ✔✔the damaged region's function is taken over by
another area or areas of the brain
✔✔Neurogenesis in humans has been documented only in - ✔✔the hippocampus
✔✔Absolute threshold is - ✔✔the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular
stimulus 50 percent of the time
✔✔A change in the responsiveness of the sensory system based on the average level
of surrounding stimulation is called - ✔✔sensory adaptation
✔✔In the brain, arousal is determined by - ✔✔the reticular activating system
✔✔Subconscious awareness can occur - ✔✔when people are awake, as well as when
they are sleeping and dreaming
✔✔Stage N3 sleep refers to - ✔✔deep sleep, delta waves (EEG)
✔✔In terms of sleep issues, individuals with depression often - ✔✔awaken in the early
hours of the morning and cannot get back to sleep
✔✔Somnambulism takes place during - ✔✔sleep stages 3 and 4, usually early in the
night, when a person is unlikely to be dreaming
✔✔The cognitive theory of dreaming suggests - ✔✔conscious experience during sleep
is driven by internally generated stimuli that have no apparent behavioral consequence
✔✔MDMA (ecstasy) depletes the brain of - ✔✔serotonin; produces lingering feelings of
listlessness that often continue for days after use
✔✔The region of the hypothalamus primarily associated with feelings of satiety -
✔✔ventromedial hypothalamus
✔✔The phases of the human sexual response pattern as identified by Masters and
Johnson, starting from the first phase - ✔✔excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
✔✔Elavil (Amitryptaline) is - ✔✔a tricyclic antidepressant drug
✔✔The most extensively used class of antipsychotic drugs are - ✔✔neuroleptics
,✔✔Hans Selye's term for the common effects of stressful demands on the body,
consisting of three stages - ✔✔general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
✔✔The three stages of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) - ✔✔alarm,
resistance, and exhaustion
✔✔The part of the brain that is compromised in Parkinson's Disease is the -
✔✔substantia nigra
✔✔When substantia nigra neurons degenerate - ✔✔the amount of dopamine provided
to neurons in the basal ganglia is reduced
✔✔The Dopamine Hypothesis was based on research findings indicating that - ✔✔that
typical antipsychotic medications affect dopamine in the brain, and that stimulants
activate dopamine receptors
✔✔Alzheimer's Dementia is most often associated with damage to the - ✔✔temporal
lobe
✔✔During which trimester does maternal malnutrition have the most severe effects on
the developing fetus's brain - ✔✔third trimester
✔✔In the first trimester, maternal malnutrition can lead to - ✔✔congenital malformations
and spontaneous abortion
✔✔Severing the corpus callosum will have the greatest impact on - ✔✔sensory systems
✔✔Patients with depression typically have - ✔✔more rapid onset of REM sleep,
decreased slow wave sleep, and increased percentage of REM sleep
✔✔Psychophysics is the study of - ✔✔the relationship between physical sources of
stimulation and experience
✔✔Longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between menopause and
psychological well-being have suggested that - ✔✔there is no evidence that menopause
is linked to either depression or psychological well-being
✔✔An individual who produces normal sounding speech that makes little or no sense
and is usually unaware of this deficit (Wernicke's aphasia) is most likely to have damage
in the - ✔✔temporal lobe
, ✔✔Marfan's syndrome and Von Willebrand's disease are due to - ✔✔an autosomal
dominant gene
✔✔Early memory and attention deficits in Alzheimer's disease are believed to be
caused by decreased activity in - ✔✔cholinergic (Acetylcholine) neurons
✔✔People with red-green color blindness usually - ✔✔inherit the condition from their
mothers (carried on X chromosome)
✔✔Characterized by mental retardation and extreme obesity, Prader-Willi syndrome is
caused by - ✔✔a chromosomal deletion
✔✔Studies indicate that the rate of ADHD symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity
among identical twins with ADHD to be - ✔✔80%
✔✔The cervical (or neck region) of the spinal cord includes vertebrae - ✔✔C1 through
C7
✔✔The thoracic (or chest region) of the spinal cord includes vertebrae - ✔✔T1 through
T12
✔✔The lumbar (or back region) of the spinal cord includes vertebrae - ✔✔L1 through L5
✔✔The sacral region of the spinal cord includes - ✔✔the S1 vertebra
✔✔Severing the spinal cord anywhere between C1 and C5 results in - ✔✔paralysis in
all four limbs termed (quadriplegia)
✔✔Severing the spinal cord at C6 or C7 results in - ✔✔paraplegia and partial paralysis
of the arms
✔✔Severing the spinal cord at T1 or below results in - ✔✔paraplegia only
✔✔Incomplete severing of the spinal cord may result in muscle weakness, also known
as - ✔✔paresis
✔✔Even when the spinal cord is damaged - ✔✔reflexes (e.g., the knee jerk reflex,
erections) may still remain intact
✔✔The left hemisphere is dominant in what percentage of people - ✔✔approximately
97%
2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔In the context of the ways in which the brain repairs itself, substitution of function
refers to the process by which - ✔✔the damaged region's function is taken over by
another area or areas of the brain
✔✔Neurogenesis in humans has been documented only in - ✔✔the hippocampus
✔✔Absolute threshold is - ✔✔the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular
stimulus 50 percent of the time
✔✔A change in the responsiveness of the sensory system based on the average level
of surrounding stimulation is called - ✔✔sensory adaptation
✔✔In the brain, arousal is determined by - ✔✔the reticular activating system
✔✔Subconscious awareness can occur - ✔✔when people are awake, as well as when
they are sleeping and dreaming
✔✔Stage N3 sleep refers to - ✔✔deep sleep, delta waves (EEG)
✔✔In terms of sleep issues, individuals with depression often - ✔✔awaken in the early
hours of the morning and cannot get back to sleep
✔✔Somnambulism takes place during - ✔✔sleep stages 3 and 4, usually early in the
night, when a person is unlikely to be dreaming
✔✔The cognitive theory of dreaming suggests - ✔✔conscious experience during sleep
is driven by internally generated stimuli that have no apparent behavioral consequence
✔✔MDMA (ecstasy) depletes the brain of - ✔✔serotonin; produces lingering feelings of
listlessness that often continue for days after use
✔✔The region of the hypothalamus primarily associated with feelings of satiety -
✔✔ventromedial hypothalamus
✔✔The phases of the human sexual response pattern as identified by Masters and
Johnson, starting from the first phase - ✔✔excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
✔✔Elavil (Amitryptaline) is - ✔✔a tricyclic antidepressant drug
✔✔The most extensively used class of antipsychotic drugs are - ✔✔neuroleptics
,✔✔Hans Selye's term for the common effects of stressful demands on the body,
consisting of three stages - ✔✔general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
✔✔The three stages of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) - ✔✔alarm,
resistance, and exhaustion
✔✔The part of the brain that is compromised in Parkinson's Disease is the -
✔✔substantia nigra
✔✔When substantia nigra neurons degenerate - ✔✔the amount of dopamine provided
to neurons in the basal ganglia is reduced
✔✔The Dopamine Hypothesis was based on research findings indicating that - ✔✔that
typical antipsychotic medications affect dopamine in the brain, and that stimulants
activate dopamine receptors
✔✔Alzheimer's Dementia is most often associated with damage to the - ✔✔temporal
lobe
✔✔During which trimester does maternal malnutrition have the most severe effects on
the developing fetus's brain - ✔✔third trimester
✔✔In the first trimester, maternal malnutrition can lead to - ✔✔congenital malformations
and spontaneous abortion
✔✔Severing the corpus callosum will have the greatest impact on - ✔✔sensory systems
✔✔Patients with depression typically have - ✔✔more rapid onset of REM sleep,
decreased slow wave sleep, and increased percentage of REM sleep
✔✔Psychophysics is the study of - ✔✔the relationship between physical sources of
stimulation and experience
✔✔Longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between menopause and
psychological well-being have suggested that - ✔✔there is no evidence that menopause
is linked to either depression or psychological well-being
✔✔An individual who produces normal sounding speech that makes little or no sense
and is usually unaware of this deficit (Wernicke's aphasia) is most likely to have damage
in the - ✔✔temporal lobe
, ✔✔Marfan's syndrome and Von Willebrand's disease are due to - ✔✔an autosomal
dominant gene
✔✔Early memory and attention deficits in Alzheimer's disease are believed to be
caused by decreased activity in - ✔✔cholinergic (Acetylcholine) neurons
✔✔People with red-green color blindness usually - ✔✔inherit the condition from their
mothers (carried on X chromosome)
✔✔Characterized by mental retardation and extreme obesity, Prader-Willi syndrome is
caused by - ✔✔a chromosomal deletion
✔✔Studies indicate that the rate of ADHD symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity
among identical twins with ADHD to be - ✔✔80%
✔✔The cervical (or neck region) of the spinal cord includes vertebrae - ✔✔C1 through
C7
✔✔The thoracic (or chest region) of the spinal cord includes vertebrae - ✔✔T1 through
T12
✔✔The lumbar (or back region) of the spinal cord includes vertebrae - ✔✔L1 through L5
✔✔The sacral region of the spinal cord includes - ✔✔the S1 vertebra
✔✔Severing the spinal cord anywhere between C1 and C5 results in - ✔✔paralysis in
all four limbs termed (quadriplegia)
✔✔Severing the spinal cord at C6 or C7 results in - ✔✔paraplegia and partial paralysis
of the arms
✔✔Severing the spinal cord at T1 or below results in - ✔✔paraplegia only
✔✔Incomplete severing of the spinal cord may result in muscle weakness, also known
as - ✔✔paresis
✔✔Even when the spinal cord is damaged - ✔✔reflexes (e.g., the knee jerk reflex,
erections) may still remain intact
✔✔The left hemisphere is dominant in what percentage of people - ✔✔approximately
97%
