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HRMT 386 Exam (actual 2025/2026) Questions &
100% verified Answers
Why do organizations and individuals enter into employment relationships? -
(answers)- Economic Relationship
o Employers hire workers to accomplish tasks.
o There is an exchange of value between the worker & employer.
o Exchange time & skills (labour) for remuneration (wages & benefits)
o Workers enter into the relationship because they must exchange their labour
with someone to acquire money by which they purchase the necessities of life.
o Duties & obligations are asymmetrical: the employer issues orders & the
employee obeys
o Employers must profit or fail - so pressures to decrease labour cost.
o Maximize profits while workers try to increase wages and control work
conditions.
- Social Relationship
o By accepting employment, the workers are accepting managerial authority and
agreeing to comply with the rules & direction.
o Employment entails cooperation between workers and employers (labour &
capital)
o Both parties benefit from a profitable business.
o Diverging interests create conflict (profit vs. wages, determining how & how
quickly work will be done)
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What does the word resource in the term human resource management suggest
about the nature of the employment relationship? - (answers)- People are
valuable.
- People provide a competitive advantage to the organizations
- Their characteristics: training, experience, judgement, intelligence, relationship
& insight can add economic value to the organization.
- High quality employees provide a needed service as they perform many critical
functions
- Good people are rare, there's a high-level of the needed skills and knowledge is
not common
- May spend months looking for a talented and experienced person.
- People can't be imitated by a competitor.
- No good substitutes for people.
- When people are well trained and highly motivated, they learn and develop their
abilities and care about customers.
In what ways are women typically disadvantaged in employment relationships?
What factor explains this disadvantage? - (answers)- Care Responsibilities & Time
Use
o More house & care responsibility & have a important fixed costs to working in
the market.
o Fixed schedules & minimum hour requirements make it difficult to balance
home & work load.
o Social norms around a woman's role in the house & society influence these
trade-offs.
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o Women are more likely to value flexible work arrangements & fewer hours -
putting them at risk for being channeled into lower quality jobs.
- Loan & Credit
o Female farmers & entrepreneurs historically had less access to land & credit
than males.
o Not having these productive inputs puts woman at a disadvantage for market
access, including discrimination & different pricing in land & credit markets &
institutional counterstains, including land rights & financial rules & regulations.
o They may favour men in the allocation of productive resources because of
discriminatory preferences.
o These differences affect scale of production, productivity & investment &
growth capacity.
- Market & Institutional Failures
o Women's limited presence in certain markets may create a barrier to knowledge
& learning about women's performance.
o This means a lack of access in these markets.
o The design function of institutions may be biased against women & therefore
inequalities persist.
What is the labour market? - (answers)- Where work is bought & sold
- Relationship between supply & demand
- Employers buy and workers sell the workers capacity to work.
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- Once hired, the employer must utilize the workers capacity to work.
- Labour is a commodity with unique properties.
- Workers are variable in skills, knowledge, attitudes and aptitudes that may not
be visible at the time of hiring.
- Employer has only purchased the capacity to work & need to turn that into
actual productive work.
- The conversion is known as the labour process.
What is the wage-effort bargain? - (answers)- How hard the employees are going
to work.
- Comprises of norms of what is accepted in the workplace.
- Informal resistance (slowdowns, sabotage, absenteeism, quitting( can be costly
to the employer in the short term.
- Reflects the conflicting interest of the parties.
- Employers want to max output and min costs max profit.
- Employees want to max wages and min workload.
How can human resource management contribute to a company's success? -
(answers)How can human resource management contribute to a company's
success?
Why do organizations outsource HRM functions? - (answers)- Access to in depth
expertise and often more economical.
HRMT 386 Exam (actual 2025/2026) Questions &
100% verified Answers
Why do organizations and individuals enter into employment relationships? -
(answers)- Economic Relationship
o Employers hire workers to accomplish tasks.
o There is an exchange of value between the worker & employer.
o Exchange time & skills (labour) for remuneration (wages & benefits)
o Workers enter into the relationship because they must exchange their labour
with someone to acquire money by which they purchase the necessities of life.
o Duties & obligations are asymmetrical: the employer issues orders & the
employee obeys
o Employers must profit or fail - so pressures to decrease labour cost.
o Maximize profits while workers try to increase wages and control work
conditions.
- Social Relationship
o By accepting employment, the workers are accepting managerial authority and
agreeing to comply with the rules & direction.
o Employment entails cooperation between workers and employers (labour &
capital)
o Both parties benefit from a profitable business.
o Diverging interests create conflict (profit vs. wages, determining how & how
quickly work will be done)
,2|Page
What does the word resource in the term human resource management suggest
about the nature of the employment relationship? - (answers)- People are
valuable.
- People provide a competitive advantage to the organizations
- Their characteristics: training, experience, judgement, intelligence, relationship
& insight can add economic value to the organization.
- High quality employees provide a needed service as they perform many critical
functions
- Good people are rare, there's a high-level of the needed skills and knowledge is
not common
- May spend months looking for a talented and experienced person.
- People can't be imitated by a competitor.
- No good substitutes for people.
- When people are well trained and highly motivated, they learn and develop their
abilities and care about customers.
In what ways are women typically disadvantaged in employment relationships?
What factor explains this disadvantage? - (answers)- Care Responsibilities & Time
Use
o More house & care responsibility & have a important fixed costs to working in
the market.
o Fixed schedules & minimum hour requirements make it difficult to balance
home & work load.
o Social norms around a woman's role in the house & society influence these
trade-offs.
,3|Page
o Women are more likely to value flexible work arrangements & fewer hours -
putting them at risk for being channeled into lower quality jobs.
- Loan & Credit
o Female farmers & entrepreneurs historically had less access to land & credit
than males.
o Not having these productive inputs puts woman at a disadvantage for market
access, including discrimination & different pricing in land & credit markets &
institutional counterstains, including land rights & financial rules & regulations.
o They may favour men in the allocation of productive resources because of
discriminatory preferences.
o These differences affect scale of production, productivity & investment &
growth capacity.
- Market & Institutional Failures
o Women's limited presence in certain markets may create a barrier to knowledge
& learning about women's performance.
o This means a lack of access in these markets.
o The design function of institutions may be biased against women & therefore
inequalities persist.
What is the labour market? - (answers)- Where work is bought & sold
- Relationship between supply & demand
- Employers buy and workers sell the workers capacity to work.
, 4|Page
- Once hired, the employer must utilize the workers capacity to work.
- Labour is a commodity with unique properties.
- Workers are variable in skills, knowledge, attitudes and aptitudes that may not
be visible at the time of hiring.
- Employer has only purchased the capacity to work & need to turn that into
actual productive work.
- The conversion is known as the labour process.
What is the wage-effort bargain? - (answers)- How hard the employees are going
to work.
- Comprises of norms of what is accepted in the workplace.
- Informal resistance (slowdowns, sabotage, absenteeism, quitting( can be costly
to the employer in the short term.
- Reflects the conflicting interest of the parties.
- Employers want to max output and min costs max profit.
- Employees want to max wages and min workload.
How can human resource management contribute to a company's success? -
(answers)How can human resource management contribute to a company's
success?
Why do organizations outsource HRM functions? - (answers)- Access to in depth
expertise and often more economical.
