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CAD & HF AGENTS EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED
ANSWERS LATEST 2024 – 2025 ALREADY GRADED A+
what is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? - (answers)imbalance of cardiac oxygen
supply and demand
What is cardiac oxygen demand increased by? - (answers)-increased HR
-increased contractility
-increased arterial pressure (Afterload)
-increased venous pressure (preload)
*classic symptom of lack of o2 is angina
Anti-angina Agents - (answers)-nitrates
-beta blockers
-calcium channel blockers
-ranolzaine (Ranexa)
Nitrates MOA - (answers)-cause vasodilation through direct action on vascular
smooth muscle
-primarily effect veins (can affect arteries at high doses)
-decreases cardiac oxygen demand
-decreases preload
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Nitrates examples - (answers)-nitroglycerin (Nitro-Dur, Nitrostat, Nitrolingual) SL,
PO, IV, topical
-Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) PO
Nitroglycerin special notes - (answers)keep protected/store away from light,
moisture, and heat, expires in 6 mo
Nitrates AE - (answers)-headache: common @ initial therapy, treat with ASA or
tylenol, result of vasodilation, educate pts to expect this
-orthostatic hypotension: rise slowly, feet above heart
-reflex tachycardia: compensatory sympathetic stimulation, can be
treated/prevented with BB or verapamil (CCB)
Nitrates drug interacions - (answers)other antihypertensives
nitrates contraindications - (answers)PDE-5 inhibitors: sildenafil (Viagra) - drops
BP
Nitrates considerations - (answers)tolerance: 8hr drug-free period necessary,
patch removed at night, dont want a constant blood level
what is heart failure? - (answers)-inability of heart to pump blood in amount
adequate to meet oxygen need of tissues
-primary defect is with contractility, leading to decreased cardiac output
CAD & HF AGENTS EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED
ANSWERS LATEST 2024 – 2025 ALREADY GRADED A+
what is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? - (answers)imbalance of cardiac oxygen
supply and demand
What is cardiac oxygen demand increased by? - (answers)-increased HR
-increased contractility
-increased arterial pressure (Afterload)
-increased venous pressure (preload)
*classic symptom of lack of o2 is angina
Anti-angina Agents - (answers)-nitrates
-beta blockers
-calcium channel blockers
-ranolzaine (Ranexa)
Nitrates MOA - (answers)-cause vasodilation through direct action on vascular
smooth muscle
-primarily effect veins (can affect arteries at high doses)
-decreases cardiac oxygen demand
-decreases preload
, 2|Page
Nitrates examples - (answers)-nitroglycerin (Nitro-Dur, Nitrostat, Nitrolingual) SL,
PO, IV, topical
-Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) PO
Nitroglycerin special notes - (answers)keep protected/store away from light,
moisture, and heat, expires in 6 mo
Nitrates AE - (answers)-headache: common @ initial therapy, treat with ASA or
tylenol, result of vasodilation, educate pts to expect this
-orthostatic hypotension: rise slowly, feet above heart
-reflex tachycardia: compensatory sympathetic stimulation, can be
treated/prevented with BB or verapamil (CCB)
Nitrates drug interacions - (answers)other antihypertensives
nitrates contraindications - (answers)PDE-5 inhibitors: sildenafil (Viagra) - drops
BP
Nitrates considerations - (answers)tolerance: 8hr drug-free period necessary,
patch removed at night, dont want a constant blood level
what is heart failure? - (answers)-inability of heart to pump blood in amount
adequate to meet oxygen need of tissues
-primary defect is with contractility, leading to decreased cardiac output
