COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (86)
Aims:
1. To empower students by enabling them to build 3. To develop logical and analytical thinking so
their own applications. that they can easily solve interactive programs.
2. To introduce students to some effective tools to 4. To help students learn fundamental concepts of
enable them to enhance their knowledge, computing using object oriented approach in one
broaden horizons, foster creativity, improve the computer language.
quality of work and increase efficiency. 5. To provide students with a clear idea of ethical
issues involved in the field of computing.
CLASS IX
There will be one written paper of two hours duration 2. Elementary Concept of Objects and Classes
carrying 100 marks and Internal Assessment of
Modelling entities and their behaviour by objects, a
100 marks.
class as a specification for objects and as an object
factory, computation as message passing/method
THEORY – 100 Marks
calls between objects (many examples should be
1. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming done to illustrate this). Objects encapsulate state
concepts (attributes) and have behaviour (methods). Class as
(i) Principles of Object Oriented Programming, a user defined data type.
(Difference between Procedure Oriented and A class may be regarded as a blueprint to create
Object oriented). objects. It may be viewed as a factory that produces
All the four principles of Object Oriented similar objects. A class may also be considered as
Programming should be defined and a new data type created by the user, that has its own
explained using real life examples (Data functionality.
abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism,
Encapsulation). 3. Values and data types
(ii) Introduction to JAVA - Types of java Character set, ASCII code, Unicode, Escape
programs – Applets and Applications, Java sequences, Tokens, Constants and Variables, Data
Compilation process, Java Source code, Byte types, type conversions.
code, Object code, Java Virtual Machine
Escape sequences [\n, \t, \\, \”, \’], Tokens and its
(JVM), Features of JAVA.
types [keywords, identifiers, literals, punctuators,
Definition of Java applets and Java operators], primitive types and non-primitive types
applications with examples, steps involved in with examples, Introduce the primitive types with
compilation process, definitions of source size in bits and bytes, Implicit type conversion and
code, byte code, object code, JVM, features Explicit type conversion.
of JAVA - Simple, Robust, secured, object
oriented, platform independent, etc. 4. Operators in Java
Forms of operators, Types of operators, Counters,
Accumulators, Hierarchy of operators, ‘new’
operator, dot ( . ) operator.
Forms of operators (Unary, Binary, Ternary), types
of operators (Arithmetic, Relational, Logical,
Assignment, Increment, Decrement, Short hand
operators), Discuss precedence and associativity of
operators, prefix and postfix, Creation of dynamic
157
, memory by using new operator, invoking members (initializations and updations). Demonstrate break
of class using dot operator, Introduce and continue statements with the help of loops.
System.out.println() and System.out.print() for
Loops are fundamental to computation and their
simple output.
need should be shown by examples.
(Bitwise and shift operators are not included).
9. Nested for loops
5. Input in Java
Introduce nested loops through some simple
Initialization, Parameter, introduction to packages, examples. Demonstrate break and continue
Input streams (Scanner Class), types of errors, statements with the help of nested loops.
types of comments
Programs based on nested loops [ rectangular,
Initialization – Data before execution, Parameters triangular [right angled triangle only] patterns],
– at the time of execution, input stream – data entry series involving single variable.
during execution – using methods of Scanner class (Nested while and nested do while are not
[nextShort(), nextInt( ), nextLong( ), nextFloat ( ), included.)
nextDouble( ), next( ), nextLine( ), next ( )
.charAt(0) ] 10. Computing and Ethics
Discuss different types of errors occurring during Ethical Issues in Computing.
execution and compilation of the program (syntax
errors, runtime errors and logical errors).Single Intellectual property rights; protection of
line comment (//) and multiline comment (/* … */ ) individual’s right to privacy; data protection on
the internet; protection against Spam; software
6. Mathematical Library Methods piracy, cybercrime, hacking, protection against
Introduction to package java.lang [ default ], malicious intent and malicious code. The stress
methods of Math class. should be on good etiquette and ethical practices.
pow(x,y), sqrt(x), cbrt(x), ceil(x), floor(x), round
(x), abs(a), max(a, b), min(a,b), random( ). INTERNAL ASSESSMENT - 100 Marks
Java expressions – using all the operators and This segment of the syllabus is totally practical
methods of Math class. oriented. The accent is on acquiring basic
programming skills quickly and efficiently.
7. Conditional constructs in Java Programming Assignments (Class IX)
Application of if, if else, if else if ladder,
Students are expected to do a minimum of
switch-case, default, break. 20 assignments during the whole year to reinforce the
if, if else, if else if, Nested if, switch case, break concepts studied in the class.
statement, fall through condition in switch case, Suggested list of Assignments:
Menu driven programs, System.exit(0) - to
terminate the program. The laboratory assignments will form the bulk of the
course. Good assignments should have problems
8. Iterative constructs in Java which require design, implementation and testing.
They should also embody one or more concepts that
Definition, Types of looping statements, entry
have been discussed in the theory class. A
controlled loops [ for, while], exit controlled loop
significant proportion of the time has to be spent in the
[do while] , variations in looping statements, and
laboratory. Computing can only be learnt by doing.
Jump statements.
The teacher-in-charge should maintain a record of all
Syntax of entry and exit controlled loops, break and
the assignments done as a part of practical work
continue, Simple programs illustrating all three
throughout the year and give it due credit at the time
loops, inter conversion from for – while – do while,
of cumulative evaluation at the end of the year.
finite and infinite, delay, multiple counter variables
158
Aims:
1. To empower students by enabling them to build 3. To develop logical and analytical thinking so
their own applications. that they can easily solve interactive programs.
2. To introduce students to some effective tools to 4. To help students learn fundamental concepts of
enable them to enhance their knowledge, computing using object oriented approach in one
broaden horizons, foster creativity, improve the computer language.
quality of work and increase efficiency. 5. To provide students with a clear idea of ethical
issues involved in the field of computing.
CLASS IX
There will be one written paper of two hours duration 2. Elementary Concept of Objects and Classes
carrying 100 marks and Internal Assessment of
Modelling entities and their behaviour by objects, a
100 marks.
class as a specification for objects and as an object
factory, computation as message passing/method
THEORY – 100 Marks
calls between objects (many examples should be
1. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming done to illustrate this). Objects encapsulate state
concepts (attributes) and have behaviour (methods). Class as
(i) Principles of Object Oriented Programming, a user defined data type.
(Difference between Procedure Oriented and A class may be regarded as a blueprint to create
Object oriented). objects. It may be viewed as a factory that produces
All the four principles of Object Oriented similar objects. A class may also be considered as
Programming should be defined and a new data type created by the user, that has its own
explained using real life examples (Data functionality.
abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism,
Encapsulation). 3. Values and data types
(ii) Introduction to JAVA - Types of java Character set, ASCII code, Unicode, Escape
programs – Applets and Applications, Java sequences, Tokens, Constants and Variables, Data
Compilation process, Java Source code, Byte types, type conversions.
code, Object code, Java Virtual Machine
Escape sequences [\n, \t, \\, \”, \’], Tokens and its
(JVM), Features of JAVA.
types [keywords, identifiers, literals, punctuators,
Definition of Java applets and Java operators], primitive types and non-primitive types
applications with examples, steps involved in with examples, Introduce the primitive types with
compilation process, definitions of source size in bits and bytes, Implicit type conversion and
code, byte code, object code, JVM, features Explicit type conversion.
of JAVA - Simple, Robust, secured, object
oriented, platform independent, etc. 4. Operators in Java
Forms of operators, Types of operators, Counters,
Accumulators, Hierarchy of operators, ‘new’
operator, dot ( . ) operator.
Forms of operators (Unary, Binary, Ternary), types
of operators (Arithmetic, Relational, Logical,
Assignment, Increment, Decrement, Short hand
operators), Discuss precedence and associativity of
operators, prefix and postfix, Creation of dynamic
157
, memory by using new operator, invoking members (initializations and updations). Demonstrate break
of class using dot operator, Introduce and continue statements with the help of loops.
System.out.println() and System.out.print() for
Loops are fundamental to computation and their
simple output.
need should be shown by examples.
(Bitwise and shift operators are not included).
9. Nested for loops
5. Input in Java
Introduce nested loops through some simple
Initialization, Parameter, introduction to packages, examples. Demonstrate break and continue
Input streams (Scanner Class), types of errors, statements with the help of nested loops.
types of comments
Programs based on nested loops [ rectangular,
Initialization – Data before execution, Parameters triangular [right angled triangle only] patterns],
– at the time of execution, input stream – data entry series involving single variable.
during execution – using methods of Scanner class (Nested while and nested do while are not
[nextShort(), nextInt( ), nextLong( ), nextFloat ( ), included.)
nextDouble( ), next( ), nextLine( ), next ( )
.charAt(0) ] 10. Computing and Ethics
Discuss different types of errors occurring during Ethical Issues in Computing.
execution and compilation of the program (syntax
errors, runtime errors and logical errors).Single Intellectual property rights; protection of
line comment (//) and multiline comment (/* … */ ) individual’s right to privacy; data protection on
the internet; protection against Spam; software
6. Mathematical Library Methods piracy, cybercrime, hacking, protection against
Introduction to package java.lang [ default ], malicious intent and malicious code. The stress
methods of Math class. should be on good etiquette and ethical practices.
pow(x,y), sqrt(x), cbrt(x), ceil(x), floor(x), round
(x), abs(a), max(a, b), min(a,b), random( ). INTERNAL ASSESSMENT - 100 Marks
Java expressions – using all the operators and This segment of the syllabus is totally practical
methods of Math class. oriented. The accent is on acquiring basic
programming skills quickly and efficiently.
7. Conditional constructs in Java Programming Assignments (Class IX)
Application of if, if else, if else if ladder,
Students are expected to do a minimum of
switch-case, default, break. 20 assignments during the whole year to reinforce the
if, if else, if else if, Nested if, switch case, break concepts studied in the class.
statement, fall through condition in switch case, Suggested list of Assignments:
Menu driven programs, System.exit(0) - to
terminate the program. The laboratory assignments will form the bulk of the
course. Good assignments should have problems
8. Iterative constructs in Java which require design, implementation and testing.
They should also embody one or more concepts that
Definition, Types of looping statements, entry
have been discussed in the theory class. A
controlled loops [ for, while], exit controlled loop
significant proportion of the time has to be spent in the
[do while] , variations in looping statements, and
laboratory. Computing can only be learnt by doing.
Jump statements.
The teacher-in-charge should maintain a record of all
Syntax of entry and exit controlled loops, break and
the assignments done as a part of practical work
continue, Simple programs illustrating all three
throughout the year and give it due credit at the time
loops, inter conversion from for – while – do while,
of cumulative evaluation at the end of the year.
finite and infinite, delay, multiple counter variables
158
