biol 2070 final exam
BIOL 2070 FINAL EXAM QUESTION AND
SOLUTIONS
what are the different intracellular compartments - - Membrane enclosed organelles
- Protein sorting
- Vesicular transport
- Secretory pathways
- Endocytic pathways
Phagocytosis - A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or
whole cells
How does vesicular transport work? - - Transport Vesicles Carry Soluble Proteins
and Membrane Between Compartments
- Vesicle Budding Is Driven by the Assembly of a Protein Coat
- Vesicle Docking Depends on Tethers and SNAREs
Exocytosis - a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane, releasing its content to the
cell's surroundings
Endocytosis - extracellular materials are captured by vesicles that bud inward from
the plasma membrane and are carried into the cell.
clathrin - a protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles
biol 2070 final exam
, biol 2070 final exam
secretion - Secretory proteins are released from the cell by exocytosis
• There are two pathways
- The Constitutive exocytosis pathway provides a steady stream of proteins and
lipids to the plasma membrane and cell exterior—no signal sequence is required
- The Regulated exocytosis pathway operates in secretory cells— large amounts of
required substance is stored in vesicles and released in response to an extracellular
signal
Pinocytosis - A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and
its dissolved solutes.
receptor-mediated endocytosis - The movement of specific molecules into a cell by
the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites
specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of
specific substances.
calcium signalling - the use of calcium ions (Ca2+) to communicate and drive
intracellular processes often as a step in signal transduction.
scaffold proteins - organize groups of intracellular signaling molecules into
signaling complexes
What are G-protein coupled receptors? - - stimulation of GPCRs activates G-
protein subunits
- some bacterial toxins cause disease by altering the activity of G proteins
- some G proteins directly regulate ion channels
- many G proteins activate membrane-bound enzymes that produce small
messenger molecules
biol 2070 final exam
BIOL 2070 FINAL EXAM QUESTION AND
SOLUTIONS
what are the different intracellular compartments - - Membrane enclosed organelles
- Protein sorting
- Vesicular transport
- Secretory pathways
- Endocytic pathways
Phagocytosis - A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or
whole cells
How does vesicular transport work? - - Transport Vesicles Carry Soluble Proteins
and Membrane Between Compartments
- Vesicle Budding Is Driven by the Assembly of a Protein Coat
- Vesicle Docking Depends on Tethers and SNAREs
Exocytosis - a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane, releasing its content to the
cell's surroundings
Endocytosis - extracellular materials are captured by vesicles that bud inward from
the plasma membrane and are carried into the cell.
clathrin - a protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles
biol 2070 final exam
, biol 2070 final exam
secretion - Secretory proteins are released from the cell by exocytosis
• There are two pathways
- The Constitutive exocytosis pathway provides a steady stream of proteins and
lipids to the plasma membrane and cell exterior—no signal sequence is required
- The Regulated exocytosis pathway operates in secretory cells— large amounts of
required substance is stored in vesicles and released in response to an extracellular
signal
Pinocytosis - A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and
its dissolved solutes.
receptor-mediated endocytosis - The movement of specific molecules into a cell by
the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites
specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of
specific substances.
calcium signalling - the use of calcium ions (Ca2+) to communicate and drive
intracellular processes often as a step in signal transduction.
scaffold proteins - organize groups of intracellular signaling molecules into
signaling complexes
What are G-protein coupled receptors? - - stimulation of GPCRs activates G-
protein subunits
- some bacterial toxins cause disease by altering the activity of G proteins
- some G proteins directly regulate ion channels
- many G proteins activate membrane-bound enzymes that produce small
messenger molecules
biol 2070 final exam
