Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 4 Set 2
musk and endo
Addison crisis - ANS-medical emergency brought on by sudden withdrawal of steroids or a
stressful event causing a lack of cortisol and aldosterone
hypotension and vascular collapse due to fluid loss and lack of vascular tone
\Adipokines - ANS-protein hormones made and released by adipose tissue (fat) cells,
regulate food intake and metabolism.
increase or decrease fat mass
provide signals to the hypothalamus, brainstem, ANS and hunger center to regulate satiety
and energy balance.
\Adiponectin function - ANS-Secreted by visceral adipose tissue
increases insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation
Anti-inflammatory properties
\adipose tissue-gut-brain axis - ANS-GI tract releases adipokines and hormones which
interact with the brain and contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity.
\Aldosterone - ANS-"salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by the
kidneys.
na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure
Controlled by RAAS
\Amylin - ANS-a hormone synthesized by pancreatic B cells that contributes to glucose
control during the post-prandial period by delaying gastric emptying and suppressing
glucagon secretion
\Angiotensinogen - ANS-made by the liver and adipocytes
Increased in obesity
Precursor to angiotensin I. Increased levels increase the production of Angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction, renal retention of sodium and water and release of aldosterone
\bone density classifications - ANS-Normal bone mass > 833mg/cm2
Osteopenia: bone mass of 648-833 mg/cm2
Osteoporosis: bone mass < 648 mg/cm2
\Catecholamines - ANS-hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the
sympathetic nervous system in stress response
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
dopamine
Increased blood pressure by increasing HR and vasoconstriction
Increased respirations, glucose levels and cellular metabolism.
\claudication - ANS-pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but
absence of pain at rest
\Cortisol - ANS-stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex
stimulated by ACTH which is secreted by the anterior pituitary
\cortisol functions - ANS-Promote normal Metabolism
Promote gluconeogenesis in the liver
Inhibit cellular uptake of glucose which increases glucose
musk and endo
Addison crisis - ANS-medical emergency brought on by sudden withdrawal of steroids or a
stressful event causing a lack of cortisol and aldosterone
hypotension and vascular collapse due to fluid loss and lack of vascular tone
\Adipokines - ANS-protein hormones made and released by adipose tissue (fat) cells,
regulate food intake and metabolism.
increase or decrease fat mass
provide signals to the hypothalamus, brainstem, ANS and hunger center to regulate satiety
and energy balance.
\Adiponectin function - ANS-Secreted by visceral adipose tissue
increases insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation
Anti-inflammatory properties
\adipose tissue-gut-brain axis - ANS-GI tract releases adipokines and hormones which
interact with the brain and contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity.
\Aldosterone - ANS-"salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by the
kidneys.
na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure
Controlled by RAAS
\Amylin - ANS-a hormone synthesized by pancreatic B cells that contributes to glucose
control during the post-prandial period by delaying gastric emptying and suppressing
glucagon secretion
\Angiotensinogen - ANS-made by the liver and adipocytes
Increased in obesity
Precursor to angiotensin I. Increased levels increase the production of Angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction, renal retention of sodium and water and release of aldosterone
\bone density classifications - ANS-Normal bone mass > 833mg/cm2
Osteopenia: bone mass of 648-833 mg/cm2
Osteoporosis: bone mass < 648 mg/cm2
\Catecholamines - ANS-hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the
sympathetic nervous system in stress response
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
dopamine
Increased blood pressure by increasing HR and vasoconstriction
Increased respirations, glucose levels and cellular metabolism.
\claudication - ANS-pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but
absence of pain at rest
\Cortisol - ANS-stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex
stimulated by ACTH which is secreted by the anterior pituitary
\cortisol functions - ANS-Promote normal Metabolism
Promote gluconeogenesis in the liver
Inhibit cellular uptake of glucose which increases glucose
