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1. Auction - ANSWER A competitive sales process where rough diamonds
are sold to the highest bidder.
2. Beneficiation - ANSWER a commitment to reserve a portion of the
resources derived from any country for the economic development of that
country
3. Bort - ANSWER A form of industrial-grade diamond that usually occurs
as very included single crystals in a range of yellows, grays, and browns.
4. Central Selling Organisation (CSO) - ANSWER An agency designed to
purchase, sort, evaluate, and sell rough diamonds
5. Diamond exchange (bourse) - ANSWER A membership-based entity that
provides service and venue to facilitate diamond trading.
6. Diamond Trading Company (DTC) - ANSWER The marketing and sales
arm of De Beers (the CSO was its predecessor).
,7. Downstream - ANSWER The retail portion of the diamond value chain.
8. Dry diggings - ANSWER A prospector's term for diamond deposits away
from water
9. Gem-quality diamonds - ANSWER Diamonds that meet certain criteria
to be used as gems in the jewelry market.
10.Industrial diamonds - ANSWER Diamonds designated for industrial use.
11.London Diamond Syndicate - ANSWER A group of diamond merchants
that united in 1890 to buy and sell rough diamonds
12.Major - ANSWER Large-scale industry leader specializing in diamond
mining.
13.Secondary market - ANSWER The gem and jewelry resale market.
14.Sight - ANSWER Rough diamond sales event where long-term customers
buy from producers based on contracts.
15.Sightholder - ANSWER A buyer admitted by a rough diamond producer
as a long-term customer.
, 16.Single-channel marketing - ANSWER A centrally controlled marketing
strategy for rough diamonds.
17.Upstream - ANSWER The rough supply portion of the diamond value
chain, including mining and rough distribution.
18.Value-adding process - ANSWER Incoming materials are converted into
a more valuable state to meet downstream customer needs.
19.Vertical integration - ANSWER A business strategy of operating in more
than one segment of the value chain.
20.What does basaltic rock change to in the mantle during subduction? -
ANSWER Eclogite: As the oceanic plate is subducted under the
continental plate, the basaltic composition of the crust changes to another
rock type—eclogite—as it descends into the mantle. Because the original
oceanic plate contained a substantial amount of carbon, so does the
eclogite crust. Eclogite is an important source rock for diamond formation.
21.What are the rock types where most diamonds form? - ANSWER
Peridotite and eclogite: Studies have found that most diamonds form in two
types of rocks: peridotite, an igneous rock, and eclogite, a metamorphic
rock