(MED/SURG III) EXAM 2: RHEUMATOLOGY
2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
Natural killer cells - Target: infected cells
Role: to kill cells that appear to be abnormal
Macrophages - Target: anything they find in their path (that appears to be abnormal)
Role: ingest harmful microorganisms, activate TH1 and TH2
Tc Cells - Cytotoxic T cell
Target: infected cell
Role: kill infected cells
TH1 Cell - Type of T helper cell
Role: activate Tc cell
TH2 Cell - Type of T helper cell
Role: activate B cells
B Cells - Target: microorganisms and infected cells
Role: secrete antibodies
Antibody Mediated Immunity - TH2 cell is activated.
Releases cytokines to activate the B cell.
B cell starts to release antibodies specific for an antigen that has invaded the body.
Cell Mediated Immunity - Macrophage detects an invader in the body.
Macrophage releases cytokines to activate the TH1 cell.
TH1 cell then releases cytokines to activate Tc cell to destroy the invader.
Autoimmune Disease - Failure of antibodies and T cells to recognize "self"
Addison's Disease - -anterior pituitary hypo secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenal
cortex hypo-secretion
-s/s: changes in BP or HR, chronic diarrhea, increased skin pigmentation, paleness, extreme
weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, salt craving, slow sluggish movement,
unintentional weight loss
Cushing's Syndrome - anterior pituitary hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenal
cortex hyper-secretion
-emotional disturbance, enlarges sella turcica, moon face, osteoporosis, HTN, buffalo hump,
purpura, skin ulcers, amenorrhea, obesity, thin/wrinkled skin, abdominal striae
2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
Natural killer cells - Target: infected cells
Role: to kill cells that appear to be abnormal
Macrophages - Target: anything they find in their path (that appears to be abnormal)
Role: ingest harmful microorganisms, activate TH1 and TH2
Tc Cells - Cytotoxic T cell
Target: infected cell
Role: kill infected cells
TH1 Cell - Type of T helper cell
Role: activate Tc cell
TH2 Cell - Type of T helper cell
Role: activate B cells
B Cells - Target: microorganisms and infected cells
Role: secrete antibodies
Antibody Mediated Immunity - TH2 cell is activated.
Releases cytokines to activate the B cell.
B cell starts to release antibodies specific for an antigen that has invaded the body.
Cell Mediated Immunity - Macrophage detects an invader in the body.
Macrophage releases cytokines to activate the TH1 cell.
TH1 cell then releases cytokines to activate Tc cell to destroy the invader.
Autoimmune Disease - Failure of antibodies and T cells to recognize "self"
Addison's Disease - -anterior pituitary hypo secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenal
cortex hypo-secretion
-s/s: changes in BP or HR, chronic diarrhea, increased skin pigmentation, paleness, extreme
weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, salt craving, slow sluggish movement,
unintentional weight loss
Cushing's Syndrome - anterior pituitary hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenal
cortex hyper-secretion
-emotional disturbance, enlarges sella turcica, moon face, osteoporosis, HTN, buffalo hump,
purpura, skin ulcers, amenorrhea, obesity, thin/wrinkled skin, abdominal striae
