BMS 301 Final UPDATED Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Original Manuscript - CORRECT ANSWER - journal article (majority of publications in
science journals)
Review Articles - CORRECT ANSWER - Summarize recent manuscripts in a given field
no new info (not novel)
peer reviewed
Correlational Studies - CORRECT ANSWER - -focus on the exposure and outcome
**DOES NOT demonstrate causality
-Individual pts. of a scatter plot influence stat. analysis
-r value = correlation coefficient (may or may not be squared)
-evaluate large populations, not individuals
-Ecological fallacy: applying population level attributes to specific individuals
Cohort Study - CORRECT ANSWER - Longitudinal study
Case Series - CORRECT ANSWER - 2 or more patients with a similar disease
Case report - CORRECT ANSWER - describes a single patient
Do case series/ reports have a control group? - CORRECT ANSWER - no it is not
described
who writes case reports/series - CORRECT ANSWER - they are written by clinicians to
share insights gained from practice
, Are case reports/ series statistical or descriptive - CORRECT ANSWER - can be statistical
but mostly descriptive
case reports/series must define what? - CORRECT ANSWER - inclusion and exclusion
criteria
Case reports/ series require what kind of approval? - CORRECT ANSWER - IRB
(institutional review board) and informed consent
Cross sectional studies - CORRECT ANSWER - a "snapshot" of a specific population at 1
moment in time--determine prevalence rate
--important that the study population is well chosen (study pop. must represent intended target
pop.)
Pros of cross sectional studies - CORRECT ANSWER - common, cheap, easy, good for
use on a subsequent study
Cons of cross sectional studies - CORRECT ANSWER - not good for rare diseases
Case control studies - CORRECT ANSWER - -compare people with and without a
particular disease.
- case= have disease
-Control= healthy
uses confidence intervals
Case control studies bias - CORRECT ANSWER - diagnosis bias
recall bias
and CORRECT Answers
Original Manuscript - CORRECT ANSWER - journal article (majority of publications in
science journals)
Review Articles - CORRECT ANSWER - Summarize recent manuscripts in a given field
no new info (not novel)
peer reviewed
Correlational Studies - CORRECT ANSWER - -focus on the exposure and outcome
**DOES NOT demonstrate causality
-Individual pts. of a scatter plot influence stat. analysis
-r value = correlation coefficient (may or may not be squared)
-evaluate large populations, not individuals
-Ecological fallacy: applying population level attributes to specific individuals
Cohort Study - CORRECT ANSWER - Longitudinal study
Case Series - CORRECT ANSWER - 2 or more patients with a similar disease
Case report - CORRECT ANSWER - describes a single patient
Do case series/ reports have a control group? - CORRECT ANSWER - no it is not
described
who writes case reports/series - CORRECT ANSWER - they are written by clinicians to
share insights gained from practice
, Are case reports/ series statistical or descriptive - CORRECT ANSWER - can be statistical
but mostly descriptive
case reports/series must define what? - CORRECT ANSWER - inclusion and exclusion
criteria
Case reports/ series require what kind of approval? - CORRECT ANSWER - IRB
(institutional review board) and informed consent
Cross sectional studies - CORRECT ANSWER - a "snapshot" of a specific population at 1
moment in time--determine prevalence rate
--important that the study population is well chosen (study pop. must represent intended target
pop.)
Pros of cross sectional studies - CORRECT ANSWER - common, cheap, easy, good for
use on a subsequent study
Cons of cross sectional studies - CORRECT ANSWER - not good for rare diseases
Case control studies - CORRECT ANSWER - -compare people with and without a
particular disease.
- case= have disease
-Control= healthy
uses confidence intervals
Case control studies bias - CORRECT ANSWER - diagnosis bias
recall bias
