INRAT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Course
INRAT
1. Altimeter Setting Procedures
Question:
A pilot is flying at FL180 with an altimeter set to 29.92 inHg. The destination airport's altimeter
setting is 28.92 inHg. Upon descent and resetting the altimeter, what will happen to the indicated
altitude?
Answer:
When transitioning from standard pressure (29.92 inHg) to local pressure (28.92 inHg), the
altimeter will indicate a lower altitude.
Solution:
Each inch of mercury change in pressure corresponds to approximately 1,000 feet of altitude
change. Since the local pressure is lower (28.92 inHg), the aircraft is actually 1,000 feet lower
than indicated when transitioning.
Thus, when resetting the altimeter, the indicated altitude will decrease by 1,000 feet.
2. Holding Procedures
Question:
A pilot is assigned a holding pattern at 6,000 feet with a maximum holding speed of 200 knots.
What is the standard inbound leg timing?
Answer:
The standard timing for an inbound leg in a holding pattern is:
1 minute at or below 14,000 feet
1.5 minutes above 14,000 feet
Solution:
Since the aircraft is at 6,000 feet, the inbound leg should be 1 minute long.
3. VOR Radial Interpretation
Question:
A pilot is tracking a VOR radial 270° TO the station. What is the aircraft’s heading if there is no
wind?
,Answer:
To track a VOR radial TO the station, the aircraft must be flying toward the VOR.
Solution:
If the aircraft is on the 270° radial TO the station, it must be flying a heading of 090°
(eastbound).
4. Decision Altitude (DA)
Question:
A pilot is flying an ILS approach with a Decision Altitude (DA) of 520 feet. If the aircraft
reaches DA and the runway is not in sight, what action must be taken?
Answer:
Solution:
If the required visual references (e.g., approach lights, runway environment) are not
visible upon reaching DA, the pilot must initiate a missed approach immediately.
5. METAR Interpretation
Question:
Decode the following METAR:
CYVR 121500Z 08012G18KT 5SM -RA BR BKN010 OVC020 08/06 A2992
Answer:
CYVR → Vancouver International Airport
121500Z → Report issued on the 12th at 15:00 UTC
08012G18KT → Wind from 080° at 12 knots, gusting to 18 knots
5SM → Visibility 5 statute miles
-RA BR → Light rain and mist
BKN010 OVC020 → Broken clouds at 1,000 feet, overcast at 2,000 feet
08/06 → Temperature 8°C, dew point 6°C
A2992 → Altimeter setting 29.92 inHg
6. Lost Communications
,Question:
A pilot experiences a radio failure in IFR conditions. What altitude should be maintained?
Answer:
Solution:
Maintain the highest of the following altitudes: MEA (Minimum Enroute Altitude), expected
altitude, or assigned altitude. This is known as the MEA Rule:
M → Minimum Enroute Altitude
E → Expected Altitude (from ATC)
A → Assigned Altitude (last given by ATC)
Fly the highest of these until reaching the clearance limit.
7. ILS Sensitivity
Question:
Which component of the ILS provides glide slope information, and what is its normal descent
angle?
Answer:
The glide slope is provided by the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) signal.
Normal glide slope angle: 3 degrees.
8. Wind Correction in Holding
Question:
A pilot is holding at 6,000 feet with a 25-knot crosswind from the right. How should the
outbound leg be adjusted?
Answer:
Solution:
Apply a drift correction in the opposite direction on the outbound leg.
If the crosswind correction on the inbound leg is 5° left, the outbound leg should be
flown with 5° right correction to compensate.
9. RNAV (GPS) Approach
, Question:
During an RNAV (GPS) approach, when should the missed approach procedure be initiated?
Answer:
If the aircraft reaches the Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Decision Altitude (DA) and
visual references are not in sight, the pilot must execute a missed approach.
10. Spatial Disorientation
Question:
What is the best method to overcome spatial disorientation in IMC (Instrument Meteorological
Conditions)?
Answer:
Solution:
Rely on the flight instruments rather than sensory perceptions.
Use the "trust your instruments" principle to avoid illusions caused by vestibular and
visual misinterpretations.
11. IFR Flight Plan Filing
Question:
When must a pilot file an IFR flight plan for a flight under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)?
Answer:
Solution:
An IFR flight plan must be filed if the aircraft will be flying in controlled airspace, operating
under IFR, or if weather conditions dictate the need for instrument procedures. This must be filed
before departure or at least 30 minutes before the flight if departing from an uncontrolled
airport.
12. ILS Missed Approach
Question:
When executing an ILS missed approach, at what altitude should the pilot be at the end of the
procedure?
Answer:
Solution:
The missed approach procedure for ILS requires the aircraft to climb to a specified altitude,
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Course
INRAT
1. Altimeter Setting Procedures
Question:
A pilot is flying at FL180 with an altimeter set to 29.92 inHg. The destination airport's altimeter
setting is 28.92 inHg. Upon descent and resetting the altimeter, what will happen to the indicated
altitude?
Answer:
When transitioning from standard pressure (29.92 inHg) to local pressure (28.92 inHg), the
altimeter will indicate a lower altitude.
Solution:
Each inch of mercury change in pressure corresponds to approximately 1,000 feet of altitude
change. Since the local pressure is lower (28.92 inHg), the aircraft is actually 1,000 feet lower
than indicated when transitioning.
Thus, when resetting the altimeter, the indicated altitude will decrease by 1,000 feet.
2. Holding Procedures
Question:
A pilot is assigned a holding pattern at 6,000 feet with a maximum holding speed of 200 knots.
What is the standard inbound leg timing?
Answer:
The standard timing for an inbound leg in a holding pattern is:
1 minute at or below 14,000 feet
1.5 minutes above 14,000 feet
Solution:
Since the aircraft is at 6,000 feet, the inbound leg should be 1 minute long.
3. VOR Radial Interpretation
Question:
A pilot is tracking a VOR radial 270° TO the station. What is the aircraft’s heading if there is no
wind?
,Answer:
To track a VOR radial TO the station, the aircraft must be flying toward the VOR.
Solution:
If the aircraft is on the 270° radial TO the station, it must be flying a heading of 090°
(eastbound).
4. Decision Altitude (DA)
Question:
A pilot is flying an ILS approach with a Decision Altitude (DA) of 520 feet. If the aircraft
reaches DA and the runway is not in sight, what action must be taken?
Answer:
Solution:
If the required visual references (e.g., approach lights, runway environment) are not
visible upon reaching DA, the pilot must initiate a missed approach immediately.
5. METAR Interpretation
Question:
Decode the following METAR:
CYVR 121500Z 08012G18KT 5SM -RA BR BKN010 OVC020 08/06 A2992
Answer:
CYVR → Vancouver International Airport
121500Z → Report issued on the 12th at 15:00 UTC
08012G18KT → Wind from 080° at 12 knots, gusting to 18 knots
5SM → Visibility 5 statute miles
-RA BR → Light rain and mist
BKN010 OVC020 → Broken clouds at 1,000 feet, overcast at 2,000 feet
08/06 → Temperature 8°C, dew point 6°C
A2992 → Altimeter setting 29.92 inHg
6. Lost Communications
,Question:
A pilot experiences a radio failure in IFR conditions. What altitude should be maintained?
Answer:
Solution:
Maintain the highest of the following altitudes: MEA (Minimum Enroute Altitude), expected
altitude, or assigned altitude. This is known as the MEA Rule:
M → Minimum Enroute Altitude
E → Expected Altitude (from ATC)
A → Assigned Altitude (last given by ATC)
Fly the highest of these until reaching the clearance limit.
7. ILS Sensitivity
Question:
Which component of the ILS provides glide slope information, and what is its normal descent
angle?
Answer:
The glide slope is provided by the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) signal.
Normal glide slope angle: 3 degrees.
8. Wind Correction in Holding
Question:
A pilot is holding at 6,000 feet with a 25-knot crosswind from the right. How should the
outbound leg be adjusted?
Answer:
Solution:
Apply a drift correction in the opposite direction on the outbound leg.
If the crosswind correction on the inbound leg is 5° left, the outbound leg should be
flown with 5° right correction to compensate.
9. RNAV (GPS) Approach
, Question:
During an RNAV (GPS) approach, when should the missed approach procedure be initiated?
Answer:
If the aircraft reaches the Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Decision Altitude (DA) and
visual references are not in sight, the pilot must execute a missed approach.
10. Spatial Disorientation
Question:
What is the best method to overcome spatial disorientation in IMC (Instrument Meteorological
Conditions)?
Answer:
Solution:
Rely on the flight instruments rather than sensory perceptions.
Use the "trust your instruments" principle to avoid illusions caused by vestibular and
visual misinterpretations.
11. IFR Flight Plan Filing
Question:
When must a pilot file an IFR flight plan for a flight under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)?
Answer:
Solution:
An IFR flight plan must be filed if the aircraft will be flying in controlled airspace, operating
under IFR, or if weather conditions dictate the need for instrument procedures. This must be filed
before departure or at least 30 minutes before the flight if departing from an uncontrolled
airport.
12. ILS Missed Approach
Question:
When executing an ILS missed approach, at what altitude should the pilot be at the end of the
procedure?
Answer:
Solution:
The missed approach procedure for ILS requires the aircraft to climb to a specified altitude,
