BYU ONLINE CHEMISTRY PART 1 FINAL REVIEW QUESTION WITH
ANSWERS
metalloids -
ANSWER elements that tough blue zigzag; boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic,
antimony, and tellurium; have properties of both metals and nonmetals; incomputer
chips and solar cells
A line of elements that runs side to side on the periodic table is called a -
ANSWER period
A line of elements that runs up and down on the periodic table is called a -
ANSWER group
ionization energy -
ANSWER increases as you move up and right; decrease as size increases
atomic/ionic radius -
ANSWER increase as you move down and left
electron affinity -
ANSWER increase as you move right and up
chemical reactivity -
ANSWER increases as you move down and left or up and right
covalent bonding –
ANSWER to share valence electrons
ionic bonding -
ANSWER to take an electron(s) and gain a negative or positive charge
bond length -
, ANSWER the distance between the nuclei; if you have over 50% ionic bonding, use
ionic radii and add them together; if you have more than 50% covalent bonding, use the
covalent radii and them together
VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) -
ANSWER predicts molecular geometries using Lewis dot structures:
- 2 attachments = linear (180°) and usually non polar
- 3 attachments = triangular (120°) and usually non polar
-4 attachments = tetrahedral (109.5°) and usually non polar
- triangular(one) = bent at 120 degrees is polar
-tetrahedral(two) = pyramidal at 107 degrees and bent at 104.5 degrees is polar
binary -
ANSWER compound with only 2 elements; metal in front position and -ide ending; DO
NOT USE PARENTHESES
ternary -
ANSWER compound with 3 or more elements; metal in front position and -ite or -ate
ending
naming compound with metal in front position -
ANSWER 1. determine if binary or ternary
2. make sure charges add up to 0
3. if metal has multiple charges indicate so with Roman Numeral in parentheses after
metal
naming compound with nonmetal in front position -
ANSWER 1. indicate number of atoms with Latin prefixes and don't use Roman
numerals
2. end in -ide because these are always binary
naming complex ions -
ANSWER 1. IF NEGATIVE CHARGE:
- metals names end in -ate
2.in formula, metal in front and ligand in back, but in name LIGAND AND PREFIX ARE
IN FRONT WITH METAL IN BACK
organic nomenclature -
ANSWERS
metalloids -
ANSWER elements that tough blue zigzag; boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic,
antimony, and tellurium; have properties of both metals and nonmetals; incomputer
chips and solar cells
A line of elements that runs side to side on the periodic table is called a -
ANSWER period
A line of elements that runs up and down on the periodic table is called a -
ANSWER group
ionization energy -
ANSWER increases as you move up and right; decrease as size increases
atomic/ionic radius -
ANSWER increase as you move down and left
electron affinity -
ANSWER increase as you move right and up
chemical reactivity -
ANSWER increases as you move down and left or up and right
covalent bonding –
ANSWER to share valence electrons
ionic bonding -
ANSWER to take an electron(s) and gain a negative or positive charge
bond length -
, ANSWER the distance between the nuclei; if you have over 50% ionic bonding, use
ionic radii and add them together; if you have more than 50% covalent bonding, use the
covalent radii and them together
VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) -
ANSWER predicts molecular geometries using Lewis dot structures:
- 2 attachments = linear (180°) and usually non polar
- 3 attachments = triangular (120°) and usually non polar
-4 attachments = tetrahedral (109.5°) and usually non polar
- triangular(one) = bent at 120 degrees is polar
-tetrahedral(two) = pyramidal at 107 degrees and bent at 104.5 degrees is polar
binary -
ANSWER compound with only 2 elements; metal in front position and -ide ending; DO
NOT USE PARENTHESES
ternary -
ANSWER compound with 3 or more elements; metal in front position and -ite or -ate
ending
naming compound with metal in front position -
ANSWER 1. determine if binary or ternary
2. make sure charges add up to 0
3. if metal has multiple charges indicate so with Roman Numeral in parentheses after
metal
naming compound with nonmetal in front position -
ANSWER 1. indicate number of atoms with Latin prefixes and don't use Roman
numerals
2. end in -ide because these are always binary
naming complex ions -
ANSWER 1. IF NEGATIVE CHARGE:
- metals names end in -ate
2.in formula, metal in front and ligand in back, but in name LIGAND AND PREFIX ARE
IN FRONT WITH METAL IN BACK
organic nomenclature -
