03-320 all notes from Lectures 1 - 9

8/26
·
basic flow of olological information

- RUA Synthesis Poten synthesis
>
- >
- Post translational modification
Transcription Translation


·
post translational modifications


Phosphorylation volatination acetylation hidoxylation methylation lipidation disulfide lands sumoylation glycosylation

- Phosphate >
-

Ubiquitin to + acetyl group + of group +
methyl group + liped (fatty curalently link +
small- Voloth + Sugar to


to ser
,
Thr , Lys residue >
- to N-terming to protein to lys or alld) to
satoms of 2 like Modifier Lys reslove >
-




or Tyr degradation L
~ is reside side chaln Any residue protein chain cys resides to target Frotel desredation


-
Most commen Mods


·
Phosphorylation ·
effects of Phosphorylation




ii
target
must commen charge of
-
-
charge protein


mediated by kinases: Phosphatases create/destroy finding sites
- -




paa

-
reversible -
activate/reactivate protein ex1

- Ser ,
Thr, <Yr
,
His * -change poten information/shape
·
PYM determination .




~ -
The Ker the letter ,
the greater the affinity for receiving PLM



·
letters :
amino acids


·
anno acids recleve PTM



-
see "post Translational modifications"




·
RNA Processing
·
mRNA transport


-
cl occur in tandem w/ transcriptions Post-transcription -
Mature MRNA has an extensive protect cost


·
5'AppAY ·

polyadenylation · changes when mRNA enters CYtOPLASM for translation (MRNP remodeling)

·
Poly (A) tail cleavage ·
RA spliciny

·

MOLECULAR MECHANISM 1 :
mRNA export fromNucleus


-

couple transport to competion of mRNA processing
·
site of translation controls final destinations of

·
useN a
processing proteins to regulate export proteins (in part)

-more MRNA across nuclear envelope ·
2 major mechanisms for protein sorting In cells

·

selective transport across NPC requires soluble transporter Proteins -
slynal based targeting

-
interact w/ UPC -
vesicle-based trafficking

use adapter protein that can physically interact my transporter > UPC

-
recycle transporter Proteins


·
must dissociate from mrups Import into nucleus

, 8/28
·
site of translation controls final destination of proteins

·
protein surfing mechanisms

-
signal based targeting -


resicle-based trafficking

↳ rough endoplasmic reticulums nucleus

·
EndoPlaSMIC reticulum


-
ex1s compartmentalized to diff regions at ER

-
ROUGH ER :
Secretory protec processing -
SMOOth ER : "




~
30 % of cellular poten folding mods assembly quality control lipId
, ,
,
sinthesis ,
calcium control
,
only metabolism


"PTM"

·
SILWAL BASE PROTIEU ARKETING In ER

5
-targeting sequence receptor ·

mRNA translation start


0-12 2 a . .
O ·
SRP3 SRD receptors
met ·
SRP finds to signal set .
O N-termins

go
N-terminus in ar memorals · In
·
w/ Sep receptor

·nal


·!
after 1 + basic 22 both are hipases & neterodimers span ER = specificity
S12k :
·

. .




set ,

-

(Arg (YS)
recaptur
,




nu
translocation channel energy source


seco complex ; hip hydrolysis

proteins translocate as · translated through translocon via Gip


unfolded ; Channel 40s visosomal subunit

*
mmm ~




o
sealed 11 Molecules
to
P-tRNA

Signal
·
Recognitio Particle (SRP)
-




& Multiple sinal services ; flexible to accomodate

·

1) sly .
set . econitio
SRP + GTP >
- SRP
2) Sep-se interaction .



/

* translocon


· GTP NYSNYSIS /SRP release



② NOT dehidiation synthesis




↳
Its an exchange
,



)
↳ his slydal set , elgage

③ seps 479 both found gate opens




se
,




⑤ translation occurs

·
GTP + GTP : 2 active sites



↓ ↑↑ affinity for each other

SRP receptor hydrolysis destabilizesInterface >
-

release of sep