FDOPSl 1l Examl Reviewl (Latestl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Questionsl &l Answers|l
Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Solutions)
Q:l Whatl arel operationsl specificationsl (Opsl Specs)?
Answer:
Thisl documentl describesl howl anl airl carrierl isl tol complyl withl thel variousl applicablel
regulationsl andl procedures.l Thisl manuall mustl includel procedures,l authorizations,l and
limitationsl relatedl tol thel operationl ofl alll aircraftl authorizedl tol bel operatedl byl thel
carrier.l "Thel Bible"l /l Thel Opsl Specsl mayl containl waiversl forl anl airl carrier.l Inl casel ofl
al discrepancyl betweenl thel Opsl Specsl andl thel FAR's,l thel Opsl Specsl willl prevail.
Q:l Whatl isl C055l opsl spec?
Answer:
OpSpecl C055l /l Alternatel Airportl IFRl Weatherl Miniumums.
Isl approvedl byl thel Administratorl asl anl alternativel methodl ofl calculatingl alternatel
minimumsl tol thatl specifiedl inl §l 91.169(c)l (AIM)
Q:l Whatl isl C070l opsl spec?
Answer:
OpSpecl C070l /l Airportsl Authorizedl forl Scheduledl Operations.
Q:l Whatl isl MELl &l CDL
,Answer:
Al minimuml equipmentl listl (MEL)l isl al listingl ofl itemsl onboardl anl aircraftl thatl canl bel
inoperativel underl certainl conditions.l Examplesl ofl itemsl inl thel MELl wouldl bel al flightl
instrumentl orl al cabinl light.
Al Configurationl Deviationl Listl (CDL)l isl al listingl ofl itemsl onl thel outsidel ofl anl
aircraftl thatl canl bel missingl orl brokenl underl certainl conditions.l Examplesl ofl itemsl inl
thel CDLl wouldl bel al navigationl lightl lensl coverl orl anl antenna.
Bothl MELl andl CDLl arel setl upl inl accordancel withl thel standard
ATAl numericall maintenancel codes.l (ATAl -l Airl Transportl Associationl -l anl ICAOl
definition).
Q:l MELl Repairl Category
Answer:
Repairl Category:l Alll usersl ofl al MELl mustl repairsl inoperativel instrumentsl andl
equipmentl itemsl inl accordancel withl thel MELl repairl timesl establishedl byl letterl
designators:
REPAIRl CATEGORYl A:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl thel timel intervall specifiedl inl
thel "Remarksl orl Exceptions"l column.
REPAIRl CATEGORYl B:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl 3l consecutivel calendar-daysl (72l
hours)l excludingl thel dayl thel malfunctionl wasl recordedl inl thel aircraftl maintenancel
record/logbook.
REPAIRl CATEGORYl C:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl 10l consecutivel calendar-daysl
(240l hours)l excludingl thel dayl thel malfunctionl wasl recordedl inl thel aircraftl maintenancel
record/logbook.
REPAIRl CATEGORYl D:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl 120l consecutivel calendar-daysl
(2880l hours)l excludingl thel dayl thel malfunctionl wasl recordedl inl thel aircraftl
maintenancel record/logbook.
Q:l Whatl isl al NOTAM?
,Answer:
Noticel tol Airl Missionsl (NOTAMs)
Al NOTAMl isl al noticel containingl informationl essentiall tol personnell concernedl withl
flightl operationsl butl notl knownl farl enoughl inl advancel tol bel publicizedl byl otherl
means.l
Theyl arel typicallyl issuedl forl temporaryl orl permanentl changesl inl aviationl infrastructure,l
services,l orl procedures.l Dispatchersl arel requiredl tol reviewl NOTAMsl beforel eachl flightl
tol ensurel theyl havel thel mostl up-to-datel informationl aboutl theirl plannedl route,l
destinationl airport,l andl anyl alternatel airportsl alongl thel way.
Inl thel Unitedl Statesl thesel NOTAMsl arel publishedl inl thel Noticesl Tol Airmenl
Publicationl (NTAP)l whichl isl issuedl everyl 28l days.
Q:l Typesl ofl NOTAMSl /l Wherel canl Il findl theml ?
Answer:
Typesl ofl NOTAMsl (5-1-3)
>l ARTCCl NOTAMs:l Forl ARTCCl Areas.
>l NAVAIDEl NOTAMS:l Tol ensurel Navigationl Aide'sl requiredl forl thel flightl arel inl
service.l
>l GPSl NOTAMS:l Tol findl GPSl outages,l GPSl testingl andl anomaliesl alongl thel route.
>l NOTAMl (D):l NOTAMsl thatl arel primarilyl distributedl withinl thel Unitedl Statesl
althoughl theyl mayl alsol bel availablel inl Canada.l Informationl include:l RWY,l TWY,l
APRON,l OBST,l NAV,l COM,l SVC,l AIRSPACE,l ODP,l etc...
>l FDCl (Flightl Datal Center)l NOTAMS:l Regulatoryl Informationl likel amendmentsl tol
publishedl IAP's.l TFR'Sl &l FICONl arel partl ofl thisl ones.
>l INTERNATIONALl NOTAMS:l Anyl NOTAMl intendedl forl distributionl tol morel thanl
onel country.
>l MILITARY:l Originatedl byl USl Airforce,l Army,l Marines,l etc.
Wherel canl Il findl theml ?
https://www.notams.faa.gov/
https://notams.aim.faa.gov/
Q:l FICONl NOTAMSl /l BRANl whatl doesl itl mean?
Answer:
, Brakingl Action.
Therel arel onlyl 7l numbers,l rangingl froml 0l tol 6.l 0l isl bad.l 6l isl good.
6l &l 5l :l Good
4l :l Goodl tol Medium
3l :l Mediuml
2:l Mediuml tol Poor
1l :l Poor
0l :l Nil
Q:l Howl canl dispatchersl findl real-timel delayl information,l includingl groundl stops,l
groundl delays,l andl thel possibilityl forl deicing?
Answer:
Thisl canl bel foundl inl thel Operationall Informationl Systeml (OIS)l sectionl ofl thel ATCl
Commandl Centerl website.
Nationall Airspacel Systeml Statusl /l FAAl website:
https://nasstatus.faa.gov/
Q:l Whatl isl al METAR?l (AIMl 7-1-28)
Answer:
METAR:l Meteorologicall Aerodromel Report.l Isl thel interpretationl ofl thel weatherl
conditionsl atl al givenl locationl /l stationl andl time.l METARl reportsl arel typicallyl issuedl
oncel anl hour,l speciall reportsl (SPECI)l canl bel issuedl whenl therel arel significantl changesl
inl weatherl conditions.l Itl isl usedl byl thel aviationl communityl andl thel Nationall Weatherl
Servicel (NWS)l tol determinel thel flyingl categoryl (VFR.l MVFR.l orl IFR)l ofl thel airport,l
asl welll asl producel thel Terminall Aerodromel Forecastl (TAF).l Thel U.Sl usesl ICAOl worldl
standardsl forl aviationl weatherl report.
-----------------------------
METARl Frequency:l Hourly
SPECIl -l Anyl Time.
Levels:l Surface
Area:l 5l NM
------------------------------
Wherel tol findl them?
2026l Update)l Questionsl &l Answers|l
Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Solutions)
Q:l Whatl arel operationsl specificationsl (Opsl Specs)?
Answer:
Thisl documentl describesl howl anl airl carrierl isl tol complyl withl thel variousl applicablel
regulationsl andl procedures.l Thisl manuall mustl includel procedures,l authorizations,l and
limitationsl relatedl tol thel operationl ofl alll aircraftl authorizedl tol bel operatedl byl thel
carrier.l "Thel Bible"l /l Thel Opsl Specsl mayl containl waiversl forl anl airl carrier.l Inl casel ofl
al discrepancyl betweenl thel Opsl Specsl andl thel FAR's,l thel Opsl Specsl willl prevail.
Q:l Whatl isl C055l opsl spec?
Answer:
OpSpecl C055l /l Alternatel Airportl IFRl Weatherl Miniumums.
Isl approvedl byl thel Administratorl asl anl alternativel methodl ofl calculatingl alternatel
minimumsl tol thatl specifiedl inl §l 91.169(c)l (AIM)
Q:l Whatl isl C070l opsl spec?
Answer:
OpSpecl C070l /l Airportsl Authorizedl forl Scheduledl Operations.
Q:l Whatl isl MELl &l CDL
,Answer:
Al minimuml equipmentl listl (MEL)l isl al listingl ofl itemsl onboardl anl aircraftl thatl canl bel
inoperativel underl certainl conditions.l Examplesl ofl itemsl inl thel MELl wouldl bel al flightl
instrumentl orl al cabinl light.
Al Configurationl Deviationl Listl (CDL)l isl al listingl ofl itemsl onl thel outsidel ofl anl
aircraftl thatl canl bel missingl orl brokenl underl certainl conditions.l Examplesl ofl itemsl inl
thel CDLl wouldl bel al navigationl lightl lensl coverl orl anl antenna.
Bothl MELl andl CDLl arel setl upl inl accordancel withl thel standard
ATAl numericall maintenancel codes.l (ATAl -l Airl Transportl Associationl -l anl ICAOl
definition).
Q:l MELl Repairl Category
Answer:
Repairl Category:l Alll usersl ofl al MELl mustl repairsl inoperativel instrumentsl andl
equipmentl itemsl inl accordancel withl thel MELl repairl timesl establishedl byl letterl
designators:
REPAIRl CATEGORYl A:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl thel timel intervall specifiedl inl
thel "Remarksl orl Exceptions"l column.
REPAIRl CATEGORYl B:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl 3l consecutivel calendar-daysl (72l
hours)l excludingl thel dayl thel malfunctionl wasl recordedl inl thel aircraftl maintenancel
record/logbook.
REPAIRl CATEGORYl C:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl 10l consecutivel calendar-daysl
(240l hours)l excludingl thel dayl thel malfunctionl wasl recordedl inl thel aircraftl maintenancel
record/logbook.
REPAIRl CATEGORYl D:l Iteml mustl bel repairedl withinl 120l consecutivel calendar-daysl
(2880l hours)l excludingl thel dayl thel malfunctionl wasl recordedl inl thel aircraftl
maintenancel record/logbook.
Q:l Whatl isl al NOTAM?
,Answer:
Noticel tol Airl Missionsl (NOTAMs)
Al NOTAMl isl al noticel containingl informationl essentiall tol personnell concernedl withl
flightl operationsl butl notl knownl farl enoughl inl advancel tol bel publicizedl byl otherl
means.l
Theyl arel typicallyl issuedl forl temporaryl orl permanentl changesl inl aviationl infrastructure,l
services,l orl procedures.l Dispatchersl arel requiredl tol reviewl NOTAMsl beforel eachl flightl
tol ensurel theyl havel thel mostl up-to-datel informationl aboutl theirl plannedl route,l
destinationl airport,l andl anyl alternatel airportsl alongl thel way.
Inl thel Unitedl Statesl thesel NOTAMsl arel publishedl inl thel Noticesl Tol Airmenl
Publicationl (NTAP)l whichl isl issuedl everyl 28l days.
Q:l Typesl ofl NOTAMSl /l Wherel canl Il findl theml ?
Answer:
Typesl ofl NOTAMsl (5-1-3)
>l ARTCCl NOTAMs:l Forl ARTCCl Areas.
>l NAVAIDEl NOTAMS:l Tol ensurel Navigationl Aide'sl requiredl forl thel flightl arel inl
service.l
>l GPSl NOTAMS:l Tol findl GPSl outages,l GPSl testingl andl anomaliesl alongl thel route.
>l NOTAMl (D):l NOTAMsl thatl arel primarilyl distributedl withinl thel Unitedl Statesl
althoughl theyl mayl alsol bel availablel inl Canada.l Informationl include:l RWY,l TWY,l
APRON,l OBST,l NAV,l COM,l SVC,l AIRSPACE,l ODP,l etc...
>l FDCl (Flightl Datal Center)l NOTAMS:l Regulatoryl Informationl likel amendmentsl tol
publishedl IAP's.l TFR'Sl &l FICONl arel partl ofl thisl ones.
>l INTERNATIONALl NOTAMS:l Anyl NOTAMl intendedl forl distributionl tol morel thanl
onel country.
>l MILITARY:l Originatedl byl USl Airforce,l Army,l Marines,l etc.
Wherel canl Il findl theml ?
https://www.notams.faa.gov/
https://notams.aim.faa.gov/
Q:l FICONl NOTAMSl /l BRANl whatl doesl itl mean?
Answer:
, Brakingl Action.
Therel arel onlyl 7l numbers,l rangingl froml 0l tol 6.l 0l isl bad.l 6l isl good.
6l &l 5l :l Good
4l :l Goodl tol Medium
3l :l Mediuml
2:l Mediuml tol Poor
1l :l Poor
0l :l Nil
Q:l Howl canl dispatchersl findl real-timel delayl information,l includingl groundl stops,l
groundl delays,l andl thel possibilityl forl deicing?
Answer:
Thisl canl bel foundl inl thel Operationall Informationl Systeml (OIS)l sectionl ofl thel ATCl
Commandl Centerl website.
Nationall Airspacel Systeml Statusl /l FAAl website:
https://nasstatus.faa.gov/
Q:l Whatl isl al METAR?l (AIMl 7-1-28)
Answer:
METAR:l Meteorologicall Aerodromel Report.l Isl thel interpretationl ofl thel weatherl
conditionsl atl al givenl locationl /l stationl andl time.l METARl reportsl arel typicallyl issuedl
oncel anl hour,l speciall reportsl (SPECI)l canl bel issuedl whenl therel arel significantl changesl
inl weatherl conditions.l Itl isl usedl byl thel aviationl communityl andl thel Nationall Weatherl
Servicel (NWS)l tol determinel thel flyingl categoryl (VFR.l MVFR.l orl IFR)l ofl thel airport,l
asl welll asl producel thel Terminall Aerodromel Forecastl (TAF).l Thel U.Sl usesl ICAOl worldl
standardsl forl aviationl weatherl report.
-----------------------------
METARl Frequency:l Hourly
SPECIl -l Anyl Time.
Levels:l Surface
Area:l 5l NM
------------------------------
Wherel tol findl them?
