Nutrition for Health and Health Care 8th
Edition By DeBruyne TEST BANK.
Course
Nursing
1. Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin D?
A) Sweet potatoes
B) Fortified milk
C) Spinach
D) Beef liver
Answer: B) Fortified milk
Rationale: Fortified milk is commonly enriched with vitamin D, which is important for calcium
absorption and bone health. Vitamin D can also be synthesized by the body with sunlight
exposure.
2. A patient is prescribed a low-sodium diet due to hypertension. Which food
should the nurse advise the patient to avoid?
A) Fresh fruit
B) Fresh fish
C) Canned soup
D) Fresh vegetables
Answer: C) Canned soup
Rationale: Canned soups are often high in sodium due to preservatives and flavor enhancers.
Individuals on a low-sodium diet should avoid processed foods like canned soups, which
contribute significantly to sodium intake.
3. Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-fiber diet?
A) It is high in simple sugars.
B) It helps regulate bowel movements.
C) It increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
D) It limits fluid intake to prevent bloating.
Answer: B) It helps regulate bowel movements
Rationale: High-fiber diets are beneficial for digestive health, promoting regular bowel
movements and preventing constipation. Fiber also has a positive impact on cardiovascular
health and blood sugar regulation.
,4. A nurse is educating a client about food choices to improve heart health.
Which of the following should the nurse recommend?
A) A diet high in saturated fats
B) A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids
C) A diet low in fiber
D) A diet high in trans fats
Answer: B) A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in foods like salmon, flaxseeds, and walnuts, are
beneficial for heart health. They help reduce inflammation, lower blood pressure, and improve
cholesterol levels.
5. A patient is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which food is the best
source of iron for this patient?
A) Orange juice
B) Spinach
C) Chicken liver
D) Carrots
Answer: C) Chicken liver
Rationale: Chicken liver is a rich source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the
body compared to non-heme iron from plant-based sources. Iron is crucial for the production of
hemoglobin and the prevention of anemia.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of antioxidants in the diet.
Which of the following foods is rich in antioxidants?
A) White bread
B) Blueberries
C) Bacon
D) French fries
Answer: B) Blueberries
Rationale: Blueberries are rich in antioxidants, particularly anthocyanins, which help protect the
body from oxidative stress and free radical damage. Antioxidants play a key role in reducing the
risk of chronic diseases.
,7. A nurse is educating a patient on the role of calcium in the body. What is the
primary function of calcium?
A) To regulate blood sugar levels
B) To help form blood clots
C) To support bone and teeth health
D) To improve digestion
Answer: C) To support bone and teeth health
Rationale: Calcium is crucial for bone and dental health, as it is a major component of bone
structure. It also plays a role in muscle function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting.
8. A patient with celiac disease should avoid which of the following?
A) Rice
B) Oats
C) Wheat
D) Corn
Answer: C) Wheat
Rationale: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten, found in
wheat, barley, and rye, triggers an immune response that damages the small intestine. Therefore,
individuals with celiac disease should avoid wheat and other gluten-containing grains.
9. Which of the following is a major source of omega-6 fatty acids?
A) Olive oil
B) Walnuts
C) Corn oil
D) Salmon
Answer: C) Corn oil
Rationale: Corn oil is rich in omega-6 fatty acids, which are essential fats that help regulate
inflammation and cell function. However, an imbalance of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in
the diet may promote inflammation, so a balanced intake is important.
, 10. A nurse is teaching a client about hydration. Which of the following is the
best indicator of adequate hydration?
A) Clear or pale yellow urine
B) Dry skin
C) Dark yellow urine
D) Excessive thirst
Answer: A) Clear or pale yellow urine
Rationale: Clear or pale yellow urine indicates that a person is well-hydrated. Dark yellow or
amber urine can be a sign of dehydration, while dry skin and excessive thirst are also symptoms
of inadequate fluid intake.
11. A nurse is educating a patient with osteoporosis about calcium-rich foods. Which of the
following is the best source of calcium?
A) Oranges
B) Almonds
C) Spinach
D) Milk
Answer: D) Milk
Rationale: Milk is an excellent source of calcium, which is essential for maintaining bone
density and preventing conditions like osteoporosis. While spinach contains calcium, it also
contains oxalates, which can inhibit calcium absorption.
12. Which of the following nutrients is important for wound healing?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin E
Answer: B) Vitamin C
Rationale: Vitamin C plays a critical role in collagen synthesis and wound healing. It supports
the immune system and helps in the repair of tissue damaged during injury or surgery.
13. A nurse is counseling a patient about the importance of hydration. Which of the
following fluids is the best choice for rehydration after mild dehydration?
A) Coffee
B) Orange juice
Edition By DeBruyne TEST BANK.
Course
Nursing
1. Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin D?
A) Sweet potatoes
B) Fortified milk
C) Spinach
D) Beef liver
Answer: B) Fortified milk
Rationale: Fortified milk is commonly enriched with vitamin D, which is important for calcium
absorption and bone health. Vitamin D can also be synthesized by the body with sunlight
exposure.
2. A patient is prescribed a low-sodium diet due to hypertension. Which food
should the nurse advise the patient to avoid?
A) Fresh fruit
B) Fresh fish
C) Canned soup
D) Fresh vegetables
Answer: C) Canned soup
Rationale: Canned soups are often high in sodium due to preservatives and flavor enhancers.
Individuals on a low-sodium diet should avoid processed foods like canned soups, which
contribute significantly to sodium intake.
3. Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-fiber diet?
A) It is high in simple sugars.
B) It helps regulate bowel movements.
C) It increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
D) It limits fluid intake to prevent bloating.
Answer: B) It helps regulate bowel movements
Rationale: High-fiber diets are beneficial for digestive health, promoting regular bowel
movements and preventing constipation. Fiber also has a positive impact on cardiovascular
health and blood sugar regulation.
,4. A nurse is educating a client about food choices to improve heart health.
Which of the following should the nurse recommend?
A) A diet high in saturated fats
B) A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids
C) A diet low in fiber
D) A diet high in trans fats
Answer: B) A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in foods like salmon, flaxseeds, and walnuts, are
beneficial for heart health. They help reduce inflammation, lower blood pressure, and improve
cholesterol levels.
5. A patient is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which food is the best
source of iron for this patient?
A) Orange juice
B) Spinach
C) Chicken liver
D) Carrots
Answer: C) Chicken liver
Rationale: Chicken liver is a rich source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the
body compared to non-heme iron from plant-based sources. Iron is crucial for the production of
hemoglobin and the prevention of anemia.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of antioxidants in the diet.
Which of the following foods is rich in antioxidants?
A) White bread
B) Blueberries
C) Bacon
D) French fries
Answer: B) Blueberries
Rationale: Blueberries are rich in antioxidants, particularly anthocyanins, which help protect the
body from oxidative stress and free radical damage. Antioxidants play a key role in reducing the
risk of chronic diseases.
,7. A nurse is educating a patient on the role of calcium in the body. What is the
primary function of calcium?
A) To regulate blood sugar levels
B) To help form blood clots
C) To support bone and teeth health
D) To improve digestion
Answer: C) To support bone and teeth health
Rationale: Calcium is crucial for bone and dental health, as it is a major component of bone
structure. It also plays a role in muscle function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting.
8. A patient with celiac disease should avoid which of the following?
A) Rice
B) Oats
C) Wheat
D) Corn
Answer: C) Wheat
Rationale: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten, found in
wheat, barley, and rye, triggers an immune response that damages the small intestine. Therefore,
individuals with celiac disease should avoid wheat and other gluten-containing grains.
9. Which of the following is a major source of omega-6 fatty acids?
A) Olive oil
B) Walnuts
C) Corn oil
D) Salmon
Answer: C) Corn oil
Rationale: Corn oil is rich in omega-6 fatty acids, which are essential fats that help regulate
inflammation and cell function. However, an imbalance of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in
the diet may promote inflammation, so a balanced intake is important.
, 10. A nurse is teaching a client about hydration. Which of the following is the
best indicator of adequate hydration?
A) Clear or pale yellow urine
B) Dry skin
C) Dark yellow urine
D) Excessive thirst
Answer: A) Clear or pale yellow urine
Rationale: Clear or pale yellow urine indicates that a person is well-hydrated. Dark yellow or
amber urine can be a sign of dehydration, while dry skin and excessive thirst are also symptoms
of inadequate fluid intake.
11. A nurse is educating a patient with osteoporosis about calcium-rich foods. Which of the
following is the best source of calcium?
A) Oranges
B) Almonds
C) Spinach
D) Milk
Answer: D) Milk
Rationale: Milk is an excellent source of calcium, which is essential for maintaining bone
density and preventing conditions like osteoporosis. While spinach contains calcium, it also
contains oxalates, which can inhibit calcium absorption.
12. Which of the following nutrients is important for wound healing?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin E
Answer: B) Vitamin C
Rationale: Vitamin C plays a critical role in collagen synthesis and wound healing. It supports
the immune system and helps in the repair of tissue damaged during injury or surgery.
13. A nurse is counseling a patient about the importance of hydration. Which of the
following fluids is the best choice for rehydration after mild dehydration?
A) Coffee
B) Orange juice
