WGU D664 LEARNER AND LEARNING
SCIENCE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Brainstem - ANSWER-before we are born
controls basic functions (breathing and heart rate)
Limbic System - ANSWER-Shortly after birth, continues to develop through
adolescence
controls emotions and memory, helps us navigate social situations, regulate emotions
and remember things.
Cerebellum - ANSWER-begins to develop early in life
controls balance and coordination
helps us performs tasks like typing, writing, and sports
Cerebrum - ANSWER-Extensive growth in childhood and adolescence
the largest part of brain
controls higher cognitive function like thinking reasoning and problem solving.
Prefrontal cortex (frontal lobe) - ANSWER-begins to progress through grade school
controls impulse control, decision making, and emotion regulation
allows us to plan, organize, and prioritize
Neuroscience - ANSWER-Study of the nervous system and brain
Curiosity - ANSWER-examine new information and resources on developmental topics.
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - ANSWER-analyze evidence based research and data
for guidance in selection of practices and interventions.
Cognition - ANSWER-Mental processes involved in aquiring, processing, storing, and
using info.
Neurodevelopment - ANSWER-How the brain grows and changes
Mylenation - ANSWER-Makes brain pathways stronger
Pruning - ANSWER-Gets rid of brain pathways
Brain Development Timeline - ANSWER-prenatal (in womb)
birth
,newborn (rapid growth)
early childhood (pruning begins, mylenation continues)
adolescence (development continues especially in frontal lobe)
adulthood (development begins to slow)
True or False
Cognition encompasses processes such as memory, perception, reasoning, problem-
solving, and decision-making. - ANSWER-True
True or False
The prefrontal cortex is responsible for balance, coordination, and motor control. -
ANSWER-False
It's primarily involved in higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, impulse
control, and emotional regulation
What is functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) primarily used for? - ANSWER-
Mapping brain activity
Interleaving - ANSWER-mixing up different types of problems or topics during study
sessions, which enhances learning by promoting deeper understanding and transfer of
knowledge
(E.X.Instead of practicing one type of math problem at a time, students might practice a
mix of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems.)
Feedback Driven Metacognition - ANSWER-using feedback from assessments and
evaluations to reflect on and regulate one's own learning strategies and understanding
(E.X. Reflect ion feedback from rough draft to correct mistakes)
Desirable Difficulty - ANSWER-refers to introducing challenges or obstacles during
learning that are neither too easy nor too difficult but just right for learning.
Learning Science - ANSWER-explores how the human brain acquires and processes
information.
Encoding - ANSWER-refers to the initial processing of information, where sensory input
is transformed into a form that the brain can store and use
Storage - ANSWER-involves retaining this encoded information over time
Retrieval - ANSWER-is the process of getting stored information when needed.
Feedback - ANSWER-plays a vital role in refining our learning strategies by providing
information about our performance, guiding future actions.
Metacognition - ANSWER-involves awareness and understanding of one's thinking
processes, enabling learners to monitor and regulate their learning effectively.
, What are the 4 learning strategies? - ANSWER-retrieval practice
spacing
interleaving
feedback-driven metacognition
Retrieval Practice - ANSWER-actively recalling information from memory, such as
answering questions or completing quizzes, which strengthens long-term retention
(E.X. answering questions without notes)
Spacing - ANSWER-spacing out study sessions over time rather than cramming all at
once
(E.X. study 1 hour per day for 6 days instead of 6 hours in 1 day)
Ways executive function can support student learning? - ANSWER-planning
working memory
self-regulation
organization
flexibility
Planning Example - ANSWER-Helps student break down tasks into manageable steps
Working Memory Example - ANSWER-Allows student to hold information in mind while
completing tasks, such as remembering instructions or key concepts during a test.
Self-Regulation Example - ANSWER-Helps student manage emotions, stay focused,
and control impulses, leading to better behavior and academic performance.
Organization Example - ANSWER-Enables student to keep track of assignments,
materials, and deadlines, leading to improved time management and productivity.
Flexibility Example - ANSWER-Allows student to adapt to changes in routine or
unexpected challenges, leading to better problem-solving skills and resilience.
Research-Based Practices - ANSWER-arise from solid empirical research or methods
shown to positively affect classroom learning
Evidence- Based Practices - ANSWER-practices informed by evidence from studies
conducted in educational research and learning science
Executive Function - ANSWER-the set of mental skills that help individuals plan, focus
their attention, and remember instructions successfully
learning strategies that contribute to long-term retention - ANSWER-feedback
retrieval practice
SCIENCE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Brainstem - ANSWER-before we are born
controls basic functions (breathing and heart rate)
Limbic System - ANSWER-Shortly after birth, continues to develop through
adolescence
controls emotions and memory, helps us navigate social situations, regulate emotions
and remember things.
Cerebellum - ANSWER-begins to develop early in life
controls balance and coordination
helps us performs tasks like typing, writing, and sports
Cerebrum - ANSWER-Extensive growth in childhood and adolescence
the largest part of brain
controls higher cognitive function like thinking reasoning and problem solving.
Prefrontal cortex (frontal lobe) - ANSWER-begins to progress through grade school
controls impulse control, decision making, and emotion regulation
allows us to plan, organize, and prioritize
Neuroscience - ANSWER-Study of the nervous system and brain
Curiosity - ANSWER-examine new information and resources on developmental topics.
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - ANSWER-analyze evidence based research and data
for guidance in selection of practices and interventions.
Cognition - ANSWER-Mental processes involved in aquiring, processing, storing, and
using info.
Neurodevelopment - ANSWER-How the brain grows and changes
Mylenation - ANSWER-Makes brain pathways stronger
Pruning - ANSWER-Gets rid of brain pathways
Brain Development Timeline - ANSWER-prenatal (in womb)
birth
,newborn (rapid growth)
early childhood (pruning begins, mylenation continues)
adolescence (development continues especially in frontal lobe)
adulthood (development begins to slow)
True or False
Cognition encompasses processes such as memory, perception, reasoning, problem-
solving, and decision-making. - ANSWER-True
True or False
The prefrontal cortex is responsible for balance, coordination, and motor control. -
ANSWER-False
It's primarily involved in higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, impulse
control, and emotional regulation
What is functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) primarily used for? - ANSWER-
Mapping brain activity
Interleaving - ANSWER-mixing up different types of problems or topics during study
sessions, which enhances learning by promoting deeper understanding and transfer of
knowledge
(E.X.Instead of practicing one type of math problem at a time, students might practice a
mix of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems.)
Feedback Driven Metacognition - ANSWER-using feedback from assessments and
evaluations to reflect on and regulate one's own learning strategies and understanding
(E.X. Reflect ion feedback from rough draft to correct mistakes)
Desirable Difficulty - ANSWER-refers to introducing challenges or obstacles during
learning that are neither too easy nor too difficult but just right for learning.
Learning Science - ANSWER-explores how the human brain acquires and processes
information.
Encoding - ANSWER-refers to the initial processing of information, where sensory input
is transformed into a form that the brain can store and use
Storage - ANSWER-involves retaining this encoded information over time
Retrieval - ANSWER-is the process of getting stored information when needed.
Feedback - ANSWER-plays a vital role in refining our learning strategies by providing
information about our performance, guiding future actions.
Metacognition - ANSWER-involves awareness and understanding of one's thinking
processes, enabling learners to monitor and regulate their learning effectively.
, What are the 4 learning strategies? - ANSWER-retrieval practice
spacing
interleaving
feedback-driven metacognition
Retrieval Practice - ANSWER-actively recalling information from memory, such as
answering questions or completing quizzes, which strengthens long-term retention
(E.X. answering questions without notes)
Spacing - ANSWER-spacing out study sessions over time rather than cramming all at
once
(E.X. study 1 hour per day for 6 days instead of 6 hours in 1 day)
Ways executive function can support student learning? - ANSWER-planning
working memory
self-regulation
organization
flexibility
Planning Example - ANSWER-Helps student break down tasks into manageable steps
Working Memory Example - ANSWER-Allows student to hold information in mind while
completing tasks, such as remembering instructions or key concepts during a test.
Self-Regulation Example - ANSWER-Helps student manage emotions, stay focused,
and control impulses, leading to better behavior and academic performance.
Organization Example - ANSWER-Enables student to keep track of assignments,
materials, and deadlines, leading to improved time management and productivity.
Flexibility Example - ANSWER-Allows student to adapt to changes in routine or
unexpected challenges, leading to better problem-solving skills and resilience.
Research-Based Practices - ANSWER-arise from solid empirical research or methods
shown to positively affect classroom learning
Evidence- Based Practices - ANSWER-practices informed by evidence from studies
conducted in educational research and learning science
Executive Function - ANSWER-the set of mental skills that help individuals plan, focus
their attention, and remember instructions successfully
learning strategies that contribute to long-term retention - ANSWER-feedback
retrieval practice
