JEE Chemistry Detailed Notes
1. Physical Chemistry
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Mole Concept: 1 mole = particles (Avogadro’s number)
Molar Mass: Mass of 1 mole of a substance in grams
Empirical & Molecular Formula: Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula
Stoichiometry:
o Balancing chemical equations
o Limiting reagent: Reactant that gets completely consumed in a reaction
o Percentage yield = (Actual yield/Theoretical yield) × 100
Atomic Structure
Bohr Model:
o Energy levels eV
o Hydrogen spectrum: Lyman, Balmer, Paschen series
Quantum Numbers:
o n (Principal quantum number): Energy level/shell
o l (Azimuthal quantum number): Subshell (s, p, d, f)
o m (Magnetic quantum number): Orientation in space
o s (Spin quantum number): Spin (+1/2 or -1/2)
Electron Configuration:
o Aufbau principle: Electrons fill lower energy orbitals first
o Hund's Rule: Maximum unpaired electrons in degenerate orbitals
o Pauli Exclusion Principle: No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of
quantum numbers
States of Matter
Gas Laws:
o Boyle’s Law: (constant temperature)
o Charles’ Law: (constant pressure)
o Avogadro’s Law: (constant T & P)
Ideal Gas Equation:
o where R = 8.314 J/mol·K
1. Physical Chemistry
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Mole Concept: 1 mole = particles (Avogadro’s number)
Molar Mass: Mass of 1 mole of a substance in grams
Empirical & Molecular Formula: Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula
Stoichiometry:
o Balancing chemical equations
o Limiting reagent: Reactant that gets completely consumed in a reaction
o Percentage yield = (Actual yield/Theoretical yield) × 100
Atomic Structure
Bohr Model:
o Energy levels eV
o Hydrogen spectrum: Lyman, Balmer, Paschen series
Quantum Numbers:
o n (Principal quantum number): Energy level/shell
o l (Azimuthal quantum number): Subshell (s, p, d, f)
o m (Magnetic quantum number): Orientation in space
o s (Spin quantum number): Spin (+1/2 or -1/2)
Electron Configuration:
o Aufbau principle: Electrons fill lower energy orbitals first
o Hund's Rule: Maximum unpaired electrons in degenerate orbitals
o Pauli Exclusion Principle: No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of
quantum numbers
States of Matter
Gas Laws:
o Boyle’s Law: (constant temperature)
o Charles’ Law: (constant pressure)
o Avogadro’s Law: (constant T & P)
Ideal Gas Equation:
o where R = 8.314 J/mol·K
