General Aquatic Pest Control: Category
3a
How can cray fish cause problems? - ANS--they can make very deep burrows
-these burrows can breach a dam in rare instances
\How can even static water have appreciable water movement? - ANS--wind and changes in
temperature
\How can excess nutrients from runoff be prevented? - ANS--maintain a good sod and grass
cover around your pond
-do not allow livestock access to the pond
-prevent agricultural runoff
-do not allow geese in or around the pond
\How can floating and emergent weeds be treated? - ANS--can be killed with direct sprays
on the foliage applied from a boat or the shore
\How can herbicide effectiveness be maintained in large bodies of water? - ANS--using
maximum recommended rates
-treating relatively large areas at one time
-apply when winds are at a minimum
-select herbicides that are absorbed quickly by plants
\How can submersed weeds and algae be treated? - ANS--using sprays: applied as water
surface treatments, particularly in shallow water where it is then dispersed by diffusion,
thermal currents, and wave action
-granular formations: used primarily for algae and submerged weeds
\How can waterfowl be controlled? - ANS--methyl anthranilate is a naural, nontoxic food
grade control tool that works on all species of birds
-it controls birds by eliminating their food source at the problem areas which encourages
them to return to their natural food environment
\How can you identify bushy pondweed? - ANS--submerged
-rooted, underwater plant with slender, branching stems
-leaves are narrow and ribbon like (1 to 2 cm wide and .4 to .8 mm wide)
-leaves are opposite or in twists of three and leaf margins have coarse fine spines
-can be abundant in shallow water, forming thick mats
\How can you identify cat tails? - ANS--brown flower clusters
-tall
-can be found growing almost anywhere with standing water for at least part of the year
\How can you identify coontail? - ANS--submerged
-the leaves of coontail are twisted around the stem
-each leaflet is forked with toothed edges
-leaflets are more densely crowded around the tip of the stem giving the appearance of a
raccoon tail
-can be anchored or free floating
\How can you identify Eurasian water millfoil? - ANS--submerged
-usually has four feather-like leaves at a node
-dark, reddish appearance with very long stems
, -flowers develop on terminal spike with very short leaves surrounding them
\How can you identify floating-leaf pondweed? - ANS--submerged
-two types of leaves:
--underwater leaves are narrow and grass like
--floating leaves are oval to heart-shaped with a notched base
-flowers appear on terminal spike
\How can you identify leafy pondweed? - ANS--submerged
-very narrow leaves (about 1/16 inches wide)
-sides of the leaves are generally parallel but form a pointed tip
\How can you identify spatterdock? - ANS--can completely fill in shallow areas less than 3' or
4' deep
-heart shaped leaves with a yellow flower
\How do you calculate the correct amount of formulated herbicide to use per acre foot of
water? - ANS--since an acre foot of water weights 2.7 (2,718,144) pounds, 2.7 pounds of
any material dissolved in 1 acre foot of water will equal 1 part per million by weight
-therefore, pounds required = 2.7 lb x ppm desired x acre foot
\How does a spray tank work? When is it used? - ANS--herbicide and substrate are mixed in
a tank and the mixture is applied to the weeds
-best suited for treating relatively small areas or when mixing several herbicides
\How does aerial application work? - ANS--usually use hollow cone or flat fan nozzles to
improve coverage with the smaller volume of spray solution applied per acre
\How does bottom placement or deep-water injection work? - ANS--nozzles are at the end of
long hoses that trail from a boom on the bow of the boat
-hoses are usually weighted sufficiently to keep the application at the bottom of the body of
water
\How does subsurface injection work? - ANS--short hoses are spaced at approximately 2 ft
intervals on a bow or stern mounted boom
-hoses are just long enough to be at or just below the surface of the water
\How does temperature affect herbicide application? - ANS--aquatic weeds are not affected
by herbicides when the water is too cold
-water should be in the 60s, preferably the upper sixties
-usually in late April to early June, presenting a very narrow window to apply
\How does water hardness affect herbicide application? - ANS--lower herbicide rates may
not work as well in harder water
\How long are an application and fee valid for? - ANS--only valid for the licensing year noted
on the application and cannot be extended to the next licensing year once it is submitted
\How much does one cubic foot of water weigh? - ANS--62.4 pounds
-which means, weight of water / 1,000,000 gives the amount to one part per million
\How should a system used for spraying polymers differ from a regular system? - ANS--it
should have extra large suction lines with a minimum of fittings between the tank and pump
inlet
-it needs more pressure than it would if it was pumping the same quantity of water due its
high viscosity
\What are advantages to limited area applications? - ANS--safer for aquatic populations
because fish can simply move to non treated areas
-minimal amount of pesticide is used, reducing the risk of environmental contamination
3a
How can cray fish cause problems? - ANS--they can make very deep burrows
-these burrows can breach a dam in rare instances
\How can even static water have appreciable water movement? - ANS--wind and changes in
temperature
\How can excess nutrients from runoff be prevented? - ANS--maintain a good sod and grass
cover around your pond
-do not allow livestock access to the pond
-prevent agricultural runoff
-do not allow geese in or around the pond
\How can floating and emergent weeds be treated? - ANS--can be killed with direct sprays
on the foliage applied from a boat or the shore
\How can herbicide effectiveness be maintained in large bodies of water? - ANS--using
maximum recommended rates
-treating relatively large areas at one time
-apply when winds are at a minimum
-select herbicides that are absorbed quickly by plants
\How can submersed weeds and algae be treated? - ANS--using sprays: applied as water
surface treatments, particularly in shallow water where it is then dispersed by diffusion,
thermal currents, and wave action
-granular formations: used primarily for algae and submerged weeds
\How can waterfowl be controlled? - ANS--methyl anthranilate is a naural, nontoxic food
grade control tool that works on all species of birds
-it controls birds by eliminating their food source at the problem areas which encourages
them to return to their natural food environment
\How can you identify bushy pondweed? - ANS--submerged
-rooted, underwater plant with slender, branching stems
-leaves are narrow and ribbon like (1 to 2 cm wide and .4 to .8 mm wide)
-leaves are opposite or in twists of three and leaf margins have coarse fine spines
-can be abundant in shallow water, forming thick mats
\How can you identify cat tails? - ANS--brown flower clusters
-tall
-can be found growing almost anywhere with standing water for at least part of the year
\How can you identify coontail? - ANS--submerged
-the leaves of coontail are twisted around the stem
-each leaflet is forked with toothed edges
-leaflets are more densely crowded around the tip of the stem giving the appearance of a
raccoon tail
-can be anchored or free floating
\How can you identify Eurasian water millfoil? - ANS--submerged
-usually has four feather-like leaves at a node
-dark, reddish appearance with very long stems
, -flowers develop on terminal spike with very short leaves surrounding them
\How can you identify floating-leaf pondweed? - ANS--submerged
-two types of leaves:
--underwater leaves are narrow and grass like
--floating leaves are oval to heart-shaped with a notched base
-flowers appear on terminal spike
\How can you identify leafy pondweed? - ANS--submerged
-very narrow leaves (about 1/16 inches wide)
-sides of the leaves are generally parallel but form a pointed tip
\How can you identify spatterdock? - ANS--can completely fill in shallow areas less than 3' or
4' deep
-heart shaped leaves with a yellow flower
\How do you calculate the correct amount of formulated herbicide to use per acre foot of
water? - ANS--since an acre foot of water weights 2.7 (2,718,144) pounds, 2.7 pounds of
any material dissolved in 1 acre foot of water will equal 1 part per million by weight
-therefore, pounds required = 2.7 lb x ppm desired x acre foot
\How does a spray tank work? When is it used? - ANS--herbicide and substrate are mixed in
a tank and the mixture is applied to the weeds
-best suited for treating relatively small areas or when mixing several herbicides
\How does aerial application work? - ANS--usually use hollow cone or flat fan nozzles to
improve coverage with the smaller volume of spray solution applied per acre
\How does bottom placement or deep-water injection work? - ANS--nozzles are at the end of
long hoses that trail from a boom on the bow of the boat
-hoses are usually weighted sufficiently to keep the application at the bottom of the body of
water
\How does subsurface injection work? - ANS--short hoses are spaced at approximately 2 ft
intervals on a bow or stern mounted boom
-hoses are just long enough to be at or just below the surface of the water
\How does temperature affect herbicide application? - ANS--aquatic weeds are not affected
by herbicides when the water is too cold
-water should be in the 60s, preferably the upper sixties
-usually in late April to early June, presenting a very narrow window to apply
\How does water hardness affect herbicide application? - ANS--lower herbicide rates may
not work as well in harder water
\How long are an application and fee valid for? - ANS--only valid for the licensing year noted
on the application and cannot be extended to the next licensing year once it is submitted
\How much does one cubic foot of water weigh? - ANS--62.4 pounds
-which means, weight of water / 1,000,000 gives the amount to one part per million
\How should a system used for spraying polymers differ from a regular system? - ANS--it
should have extra large suction lines with a minimum of fittings between the tank and pump
inlet
-it needs more pressure than it would if it was pumping the same quantity of water due its
high viscosity
\What are advantages to limited area applications? - ANS--safer for aquatic populations
because fish can simply move to non treated areas
-minimal amount of pesticide is used, reducing the risk of environmental contamination
