DAVITA DIALYSIS THEORY EXAM
3 ways we can contribute to sodium loading during dialysis - ANS-broth, too much sodium in
dialysate, normal saline
\5 rights of delegation - ANS-right task
right circumstance
right person
right direction/communication
right supervision/evaluation
\ACT scores - ANS-the tracking of risk factors in the healthcare setting over a 6 month
period
\AKI patients are at an increased risk for which complication? - ANS-infection
\albumin in water used for dialysis is used for - ANS-helps with fluid removal during the
treatment
\Albumin reference range - ANS-less than 4.0 gm/dL
\angle to insert AVF needle - ANS-30-45 degree
\apheresis - ANS-collection or removal of blood components for therapeutic effect "sick
blood"
BFR: of 40-150 ml/min
slow
2 hour treatment
fluids are replaced without volume reduction
\BESTIPS - ANS-bleeding
erosion
stenosis
thrombosis
infection
pseudaneurysm
steal syndrome
\bicarbonate reference range - ANS-22-28 mEq/L
\BP reading if clothing is too thick - ANS-falsely high reading
\BP reading if cuff is too big - ANS-falsely low reading
\BP reading if cuff is too small - ANS-False high reading
\BP reading if patient has arrhythmias - ANS-Low BP
\BP reading if patient has bradycardia - ANS-high arterial BP
\BP reading if patient has peripheral vascular disease - ANS-high BP
\CAT audit - ANS-3rd party validation of clinical operations performance
\chronic kidney disease can have its origin pre renal intra or post. which are the following
conditions of intra renal causes of CKD - ANS-hypertension
\CLABSI - ANS-central line associated blood stream infection
\CRRT - ANS-blood purification therapy over an extended period of time, preferably 24 hours
\define the term AKI - ANS-acute kidney injury that incorporates a wide variety of kidney
issues ranging from kidney failure to functional loss
, \describe the four AVF evaluations for maturation - ANS-1- 6-8 weeks maturation2- atleast
600 ml/min blood flow through the access3- alteast 0.6 cm in diameter4- atleast 0.6 cm
below surface of the skin
\Dialysis: Ultrafiltration - ANS-Negative pressure or suction force is applied to the dialysis
bath to move water from area of high pressure to area of lower pressure and removed
• Increased pressure in the blood compartment
• Decreased pressure in the dialysate compartment
\Difference between AKI and CKD - ANS-acute kidney failure vs chronic kidney
AKI is the sudden onset of functional kidney loss and a decrease in GFR. CKD is loss or
decreased GFR for at least 3 months or more.
\goal for albumin - ANS-greater than 4
\HAI'S - ANS-healthcare associated infections
\hemoglobin for patients on EPO limit - ANS-no greater than 12 gm/dL
\How do we replace normal endocrine functions of the kidney? - ANS-reduce hypertension
Epo and iron for anemia
phosphate binders
Ca+ replacements
\how do we replace normal excretory kidney functions - ANS-remove excess fluid
normalize electrolytes
reduce metabolic acidosis
\how long do we wait after administering the heparin bolus to treatment initiation - ANS-3-5
minutes
\how much of normal kidney function is replaced by hemodialysis? - ANS-15%
\hypokalemia - ANS-deficient potassium in the blood
less than 3.5
\Intra-renal causes of AKI - ANS-direct damage to kidneys due to
\Ischemic ATN - ANS-occurs when the tubular cells do not get enough oxygen, a condition
that they are highly sensitive and susceptible to, due to their very high metabolism
\knowning what causes your patients CKD - ANS-is important because the underlying
disease could cause health complications which could impact the treatment
\list two examples of delegated medical functions - ANS-physicians orders
protocols
\list two examples of independent nursing functions - ANS-patient care
technical skills
\MeerCAT audit - ANS-self reported review of clinical operations performance
\Most common causes of chronic kidney disease - ANS-diabetes and hypertension
\needle gauge and suggested BFR rate - ANS-17-200-250
16-250-350
15-350-450
\patient complaints of ringing in ears, nausea, and clammy hands..the most likely cause is -
ANS-hyptension
\PD - ANS-uses the lining of the abdomen to filter blood
\Post-renal causes of AKI - ANS-benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder cancer, calculi
formation, neuromuscular disorders, prostate cancer, spinal cord disease, strictures, trauma
\potassium goal - ANS-3.5-5.5
\Pre-renal causes of AKI - ANS-hypovolemia (hemorrhage, dehydration, diarrhea, vomiting),
decreased cardiac output (dysrhythmias, HF, MI), decreased peripheral vascular resistance
3 ways we can contribute to sodium loading during dialysis - ANS-broth, too much sodium in
dialysate, normal saline
\5 rights of delegation - ANS-right task
right circumstance
right person
right direction/communication
right supervision/evaluation
\ACT scores - ANS-the tracking of risk factors in the healthcare setting over a 6 month
period
\AKI patients are at an increased risk for which complication? - ANS-infection
\albumin in water used for dialysis is used for - ANS-helps with fluid removal during the
treatment
\Albumin reference range - ANS-less than 4.0 gm/dL
\angle to insert AVF needle - ANS-30-45 degree
\apheresis - ANS-collection or removal of blood components for therapeutic effect "sick
blood"
BFR: of 40-150 ml/min
slow
2 hour treatment
fluids are replaced without volume reduction
\BESTIPS - ANS-bleeding
erosion
stenosis
thrombosis
infection
pseudaneurysm
steal syndrome
\bicarbonate reference range - ANS-22-28 mEq/L
\BP reading if clothing is too thick - ANS-falsely high reading
\BP reading if cuff is too big - ANS-falsely low reading
\BP reading if cuff is too small - ANS-False high reading
\BP reading if patient has arrhythmias - ANS-Low BP
\BP reading if patient has bradycardia - ANS-high arterial BP
\BP reading if patient has peripheral vascular disease - ANS-high BP
\CAT audit - ANS-3rd party validation of clinical operations performance
\chronic kidney disease can have its origin pre renal intra or post. which are the following
conditions of intra renal causes of CKD - ANS-hypertension
\CLABSI - ANS-central line associated blood stream infection
\CRRT - ANS-blood purification therapy over an extended period of time, preferably 24 hours
\define the term AKI - ANS-acute kidney injury that incorporates a wide variety of kidney
issues ranging from kidney failure to functional loss
, \describe the four AVF evaluations for maturation - ANS-1- 6-8 weeks maturation2- atleast
600 ml/min blood flow through the access3- alteast 0.6 cm in diameter4- atleast 0.6 cm
below surface of the skin
\Dialysis: Ultrafiltration - ANS-Negative pressure or suction force is applied to the dialysis
bath to move water from area of high pressure to area of lower pressure and removed
• Increased pressure in the blood compartment
• Decreased pressure in the dialysate compartment
\Difference between AKI and CKD - ANS-acute kidney failure vs chronic kidney
AKI is the sudden onset of functional kidney loss and a decrease in GFR. CKD is loss or
decreased GFR for at least 3 months or more.
\goal for albumin - ANS-greater than 4
\HAI'S - ANS-healthcare associated infections
\hemoglobin for patients on EPO limit - ANS-no greater than 12 gm/dL
\How do we replace normal endocrine functions of the kidney? - ANS-reduce hypertension
Epo and iron for anemia
phosphate binders
Ca+ replacements
\how do we replace normal excretory kidney functions - ANS-remove excess fluid
normalize electrolytes
reduce metabolic acidosis
\how long do we wait after administering the heparin bolus to treatment initiation - ANS-3-5
minutes
\how much of normal kidney function is replaced by hemodialysis? - ANS-15%
\hypokalemia - ANS-deficient potassium in the blood
less than 3.5
\Intra-renal causes of AKI - ANS-direct damage to kidneys due to
\Ischemic ATN - ANS-occurs when the tubular cells do not get enough oxygen, a condition
that they are highly sensitive and susceptible to, due to their very high metabolism
\knowning what causes your patients CKD - ANS-is important because the underlying
disease could cause health complications which could impact the treatment
\list two examples of delegated medical functions - ANS-physicians orders
protocols
\list two examples of independent nursing functions - ANS-patient care
technical skills
\MeerCAT audit - ANS-self reported review of clinical operations performance
\Most common causes of chronic kidney disease - ANS-diabetes and hypertension
\needle gauge and suggested BFR rate - ANS-17-200-250
16-250-350
15-350-450
\patient complaints of ringing in ears, nausea, and clammy hands..the most likely cause is -
ANS-hyptension
\PD - ANS-uses the lining of the abdomen to filter blood
\Post-renal causes of AKI - ANS-benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder cancer, calculi
formation, neuromuscular disorders, prostate cancer, spinal cord disease, strictures, trauma
\potassium goal - ANS-3.5-5.5
\Pre-renal causes of AKI - ANS-hypovolemia (hemorrhage, dehydration, diarrhea, vomiting),
decreased cardiac output (dysrhythmias, HF, MI), decreased peripheral vascular resistance
