4/4/25, 5:46 NR 509 Final |
PM
NR 509 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
)
Know that in a 47-year-old man ED psychologic
is usually______rather than testosterone
early morning erection is preserved.
Erectile dysfunction may be from
it may also reflect decreased testosterone, decreased blood flow in the
psychogenic causes, especially if
hypogastric arterial system, impaired neural innervation, and diabetes
When performing a breast exam, know may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues (may cause dimpling of skin or
what abnormal masses should do retraction when arms are lifted over head or hands are pressed against hips)
when the arm
Fibroadenoma and cysts mobility very mobile/mobile
Know that a high proportion of breast BSE
masses are noted during ________
Breast stage 1 preadolescent- elevation of nipple only
breast bud stage- elevation of breast and nipple as a small mound; enlargement
Breast stage 2
of areolar diameter
further enlargement of elevation of breast and areola, with no separation of their
breast stage 3
contours
projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of
breast stage 4
breast
mature stage- projection of nipple only; areola has receded to general contour of
breast stage 5 the breast (although in some individuals the areola continues to form a
secondary mound)
Know where pain is located with epigastric, may radiation straight to the back of other areas of the abdomen; 20%
pancreatitis: acute with severe sequelae of organ failure
Know where pain is located with epigastric, radiating to back
pancreatitis: chronic
Transmitted through fecal-oral route. Fecal shedding followed by poor
Know how hepatitis A is transmitted handwashing contaminates water and foods leading to infection of household and
sexual contacts
1/
8
, 4/4/25, 5:46 NR 509 Final |
PM
the urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient increases in intra-abdominal
pressure raise the bladder pressure to levels that exceed urethral resistance.
Stress incontinence
Causes include childbirth and surgery, postmenopausal atrophy of the mucosa,
and urethral infection. May follow prostate surgery in men.
detrusor contractions are stronger than normal and overcome the normal urethral
resistance. The bladder is typically small. Mechanisms: Decreased cortical
inhibition of detrusor contractions from stroke, brain tumor, dementia, and lesions
urge incontinence
of the spinal cord above sacral level. Also hyperexcitability of sensory
pathways ie: bladder infections, tumors, and fecal impaction. Deconditioning of
voiding reflexes ie: frequent voluntary voiding at low bladder volumes.
detrusor contractions are insufficient to overcome urethral resistance, causing
urinary retention. The bladder is typically flaccid and large, even after an effort
overflow incontinence to void. Mechanisms: obstruction of the bladder outlet ie: BPH or tumor.
Weakness of the detrusor muscle associated with peripheral nerve disease at
S2-4 level.
Impaired bladder sensation that interrupts the reflex arc ie: diabetic neuropathy.
the patient is functionally able to reach the toilet in time because of impaired
health or environmental conditions. Mechanism: problems in mobility
functional incontinence resulting from weakness, arthritis, poor vision, or other conditions. Also
environmental factors such as an unfamiliar setting, distant bathroom
facilities, bed rails, or physical restraints.
drugs may contribute to any type of incontinence listed. Ex: sedatives,
Incontinence secondary to medications
tranquilizers, anticholinergics, sympathetic blockers, and potent diuretics
· Strep throat àstreptococcal pharyngitis, bacterial infection that may cause a
sore, scratchy throat
Know where lymph nodes should be with · Common childhood infection has a classic presentation of erythema of the
strep posterior pharynx and palatal petechiae
· Enlarged swollen cervical lymph nodes -> superficial cervical lymph nodes
Superficial cervical -> superficial to the sternocleidomastoid
tdap, flu, Pneumococcal, meningococcal, Hepatitis B, rho gam
What vaccines are safe during pregnancy
*NOT MMR, polio, or varicella
· Any masses with irregular borders suspicious for rectal cancer
Know what to be concerned about if A tender purulent reddened mass with fever or chills suggests an anal abscess.
you note an irregular rectal mass Abscesses tunneling to the skin surface from the anus or rectum may form a
clogged or draining ano-rectal fistula. Fistulas may ooze blood, pus, or feculent
mucus. Consider anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy for better visualization.
· Prevents infection from HPV subtypes 16, 18, 6 & 11 which cause 90 % of genital
warts
·The bivalent vaccine prevents infection from subtypes 16 and 18.
· Recommended for prevention of cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers
and precancers in females as well as anal cancer, precancers, and genital
Know what HPV Vac protects against
warts in both female and males
· Vaccinated women should still get cervical cancer screening because vaccines
do not prevent all HPV subtypes
· Condoms do not eliminate the risk of cervical HPV infection
Recommended for those with compromised immune systems including HIV
· Climbs well, runs easily
Know what a 3-year-old can do in regard
· Pedals a tricycle
to jumping and balancing
· Walks up and down stairs, one foot on each step
2/
8
PM
NR 509 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
)
Know that in a 47-year-old man ED psychologic
is usually______rather than testosterone
early morning erection is preserved.
Erectile dysfunction may be from
it may also reflect decreased testosterone, decreased blood flow in the
psychogenic causes, especially if
hypogastric arterial system, impaired neural innervation, and diabetes
When performing a breast exam, know may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues (may cause dimpling of skin or
what abnormal masses should do retraction when arms are lifted over head or hands are pressed against hips)
when the arm
Fibroadenoma and cysts mobility very mobile/mobile
Know that a high proportion of breast BSE
masses are noted during ________
Breast stage 1 preadolescent- elevation of nipple only
breast bud stage- elevation of breast and nipple as a small mound; enlargement
Breast stage 2
of areolar diameter
further enlargement of elevation of breast and areola, with no separation of their
breast stage 3
contours
projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of
breast stage 4
breast
mature stage- projection of nipple only; areola has receded to general contour of
breast stage 5 the breast (although in some individuals the areola continues to form a
secondary mound)
Know where pain is located with epigastric, may radiation straight to the back of other areas of the abdomen; 20%
pancreatitis: acute with severe sequelae of organ failure
Know where pain is located with epigastric, radiating to back
pancreatitis: chronic
Transmitted through fecal-oral route. Fecal shedding followed by poor
Know how hepatitis A is transmitted handwashing contaminates water and foods leading to infection of household and
sexual contacts
1/
8
, 4/4/25, 5:46 NR 509 Final |
PM
the urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient increases in intra-abdominal
pressure raise the bladder pressure to levels that exceed urethral resistance.
Stress incontinence
Causes include childbirth and surgery, postmenopausal atrophy of the mucosa,
and urethral infection. May follow prostate surgery in men.
detrusor contractions are stronger than normal and overcome the normal urethral
resistance. The bladder is typically small. Mechanisms: Decreased cortical
inhibition of detrusor contractions from stroke, brain tumor, dementia, and lesions
urge incontinence
of the spinal cord above sacral level. Also hyperexcitability of sensory
pathways ie: bladder infections, tumors, and fecal impaction. Deconditioning of
voiding reflexes ie: frequent voluntary voiding at low bladder volumes.
detrusor contractions are insufficient to overcome urethral resistance, causing
urinary retention. The bladder is typically flaccid and large, even after an effort
overflow incontinence to void. Mechanisms: obstruction of the bladder outlet ie: BPH or tumor.
Weakness of the detrusor muscle associated with peripheral nerve disease at
S2-4 level.
Impaired bladder sensation that interrupts the reflex arc ie: diabetic neuropathy.
the patient is functionally able to reach the toilet in time because of impaired
health or environmental conditions. Mechanism: problems in mobility
functional incontinence resulting from weakness, arthritis, poor vision, or other conditions. Also
environmental factors such as an unfamiliar setting, distant bathroom
facilities, bed rails, or physical restraints.
drugs may contribute to any type of incontinence listed. Ex: sedatives,
Incontinence secondary to medications
tranquilizers, anticholinergics, sympathetic blockers, and potent diuretics
· Strep throat àstreptococcal pharyngitis, bacterial infection that may cause a
sore, scratchy throat
Know where lymph nodes should be with · Common childhood infection has a classic presentation of erythema of the
strep posterior pharynx and palatal petechiae
· Enlarged swollen cervical lymph nodes -> superficial cervical lymph nodes
Superficial cervical -> superficial to the sternocleidomastoid
tdap, flu, Pneumococcal, meningococcal, Hepatitis B, rho gam
What vaccines are safe during pregnancy
*NOT MMR, polio, or varicella
· Any masses with irregular borders suspicious for rectal cancer
Know what to be concerned about if A tender purulent reddened mass with fever or chills suggests an anal abscess.
you note an irregular rectal mass Abscesses tunneling to the skin surface from the anus or rectum may form a
clogged or draining ano-rectal fistula. Fistulas may ooze blood, pus, or feculent
mucus. Consider anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy for better visualization.
· Prevents infection from HPV subtypes 16, 18, 6 & 11 which cause 90 % of genital
warts
·The bivalent vaccine prevents infection from subtypes 16 and 18.
· Recommended for prevention of cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers
and precancers in females as well as anal cancer, precancers, and genital
Know what HPV Vac protects against
warts in both female and males
· Vaccinated women should still get cervical cancer screening because vaccines
do not prevent all HPV subtypes
· Condoms do not eliminate the risk of cervical HPV infection
Recommended for those with compromised immune systems including HIV
· Climbs well, runs easily
Know what a 3-year-old can do in regard
· Pedals a tricycle
to jumping and balancing
· Walks up and down stairs, one foot on each step
2/
8
