4/4/25, 5:47 Nr509 quizr |
PM
NR509 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (122)
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called
ANS: A the: a.Pericardium.
The pericardium is a tough, fibrous
double-walled sac that surrounds and b.Myocardium.
protects the heart. It has two layers that
contain a few milliliters of serous c.Endocardium.
pericardial fluid.
d.Pleural space.
2. The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which
of these?
ANS: B
a. Vena cava right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary artery left atrium
Returning blood from the body empties
left ventricle
into the right atrium and flows into the
right ventricle and then goes to the lungs
b. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium
through the pulmonary artery. The lungs
left ventricle
oxygenate the blood, and it is then
returned to the left atrium through the
c. Aorta right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary vein left atrium left
pulmonary vein. The blood goes from
ventricle vena cava
there to the left ventricle and then out to
the body through the aorta.
d. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary artery left atrium
left ventricle
3. The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart.
Which statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
a.
ANS: D
The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed
Toward the end of diastole, the atria
valves. b.
contract and push the last amount of
Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
blood (approximately 25% of stroke
c.
volume) into the ventricles. This active
Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract
filling phase is called presystole, or atrial
during systole.
systole, or sometimes the atrial kick.
d.
The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into
the ventricles.
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PM
4. When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be
heard best at the base of the heart are:
ANS: C
a.
The second heart sound (S2) occurs with
Mitral and
the closure of the semilunar (aortic and
tricuspid. b.
pulmonic) valves and signals the end of
Tricuspid and aortic.
systole. Although it is heard over all the
c.
precordium, the S2 is loudest at the base
Aortic and pulmonic.
of the heart.
d.
Mitral and pulmonic.
5. Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal
ANS: C
cardiac cycle?
Events occur just slightly later in the right
a.
side of the heart because of the route of
The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
myocardial depolarization. As a result,
b.
two distinct components to each of the
The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic
heart sounds exist, and sometimes they
valve. c.
can be heard separately. In the first heart
The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
sound, the mitral component (M1) closes
d.
just before the tricuspid component (T1).
Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.
6. The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the
heart is the:
ANS: B a.
Specialized cells in the SA node near the Atrioventricular (AV) node.
superior vena cava initiate an electrical b.
impulse. Because the SA node has an Sinoatrial (SA) node.
intrinsic rhythm, it is called the pacemaker c.
of the heart. Bundle of His.
d.
Bundle branches.
ANS: D 7. The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
Specialized cells in the SA node near the a.
superior vena cava initiate an electrical AV node SA node bundle of
impulse. The current flows in an orderly His b.
sequence, first across the atria to the AV Bundle of His AV node SA
node low in the atrial septum. There it is node c.
delayed slightly, allowing the atria the SA node AV node bundle of His bundle
time to contract before the ventricles are branches d.
stimulated. Then the impulse travels to the AV node SA node bundle of His bundle branches
bundle of His, the right and left bundle
branches, and then through the ventricles.
ANS: D 8. The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his
Because no cardiac valve exists to ankles include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when
separate the superior vena cava from the the
right atrium, the jugular veins give head of his bed is elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows that this finding
information about the activity on the indicates: a.
right side of the heart. They reflect Decreased fluid volume.
filling b.
pressures and volume changes. Normal Increased cardiac output.
jugular venous pulsation is 2 cm or less c.
above the sternal angle. Elevated Narrowing of jugular veins.
pressure is more than 3 cm above the d.
sternal angle at 45 degrees and occurs Elevated pressure related to heart failure.
with heart failure.
2/23
, 4/4/25, 5:47 Nr509 quizr |
PM
9. When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which
ANS: C of these statements to be true?
First, approximately two thirds of the a.
blood is shunted through an opening The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
in the atrial septum, the foramen ovale, b.
into the left side of the heart, where it The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an
is adult. c.
pumped out through the aorta. The Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial
foramen ovale closes within the first septum.
hour after birth because the pressure d.
in the The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus
right side of the heart is now lower than in arteriosus closes immediately after.
the left side.
10. A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of
100/70 mm Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her
blood pressure in her second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this
change, what does the nurse know to be true?
a.
ANS: A
This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is
Despite the increased cardiac output,
an expected change.
arterial blood pressure decreases in
b.
pregnancy because of peripheral
Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this
vasodilatation. The blood pressure drops
time.
to its lowest point during the second
c.
trimester and then rises after that.
This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a
decrease in cardiac output.
d.
This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume,
which is dangerous for the fetus.
11. In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure
140/100 mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split
S2 heart sound. Which of these findings can be explained by expected
ANS: B
hemodynamic changes related to age?
With aging, an increase in systolic blood
a.
pressure occurs. No significant change in
Increase in resting heart rate
diastolic pressure and no change in the
b.
resting heart rate occur with aging.
Increase in systolic blood pressure
Cardiac output at rest is does not
c.
changed with aging.
Decrease in diastolic blood
pressure d.
Increase in diastolic blood pressure
12. A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the
ANS: C
recording of his health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
sleeping. "I'll be sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I can't get my
(shortness of breath generally
breath." The nurse's best response to this would be:
occurring at night)
a.
occurs with heart failure. Lying down
"When was your last electrocardiogram?"
increases the volume of intrathoracic
b.
blood, and the weakened heart cannot
"It's probably because it's been so hot at night."
accommodate the increased load.
c.
Classically, the person awakens after 2
"Do you have any history of problems with your
hours of sleep, arises, and flings open a
heart?" d.
window with the perception of needing
"Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?"
fresh air.
3/23
PM
NR509 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (122)
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called
ANS: A the: a.Pericardium.
The pericardium is a tough, fibrous
double-walled sac that surrounds and b.Myocardium.
protects the heart. It has two layers that
contain a few milliliters of serous c.Endocardium.
pericardial fluid.
d.Pleural space.
2. The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which
of these?
ANS: B
a. Vena cava right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary artery left atrium
Returning blood from the body empties
left ventricle
into the right atrium and flows into the
right ventricle and then goes to the lungs
b. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium
through the pulmonary artery. The lungs
left ventricle
oxygenate the blood, and it is then
returned to the left atrium through the
c. Aorta right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary vein left atrium left
pulmonary vein. The blood goes from
ventricle vena cava
there to the left ventricle and then out to
the body through the aorta.
d. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary artery left atrium
left ventricle
3. The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart.
Which statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
a.
ANS: D
The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed
Toward the end of diastole, the atria
valves. b.
contract and push the last amount of
Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
blood (approximately 25% of stroke
c.
volume) into the ventricles. This active
Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract
filling phase is called presystole, or atrial
during systole.
systole, or sometimes the atrial kick.
d.
The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into
the ventricles.
1/23
,4/4/25, 5:47 Nr509 quizr |
PM
4. When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be
heard best at the base of the heart are:
ANS: C
a.
The second heart sound (S2) occurs with
Mitral and
the closure of the semilunar (aortic and
tricuspid. b.
pulmonic) valves and signals the end of
Tricuspid and aortic.
systole. Although it is heard over all the
c.
precordium, the S2 is loudest at the base
Aortic and pulmonic.
of the heart.
d.
Mitral and pulmonic.
5. Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal
ANS: C
cardiac cycle?
Events occur just slightly later in the right
a.
side of the heart because of the route of
The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
myocardial depolarization. As a result,
b.
two distinct components to each of the
The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic
heart sounds exist, and sometimes they
valve. c.
can be heard separately. In the first heart
The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
sound, the mitral component (M1) closes
d.
just before the tricuspid component (T1).
Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.
6. The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the
heart is the:
ANS: B a.
Specialized cells in the SA node near the Atrioventricular (AV) node.
superior vena cava initiate an electrical b.
impulse. Because the SA node has an Sinoatrial (SA) node.
intrinsic rhythm, it is called the pacemaker c.
of the heart. Bundle of His.
d.
Bundle branches.
ANS: D 7. The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
Specialized cells in the SA node near the a.
superior vena cava initiate an electrical AV node SA node bundle of
impulse. The current flows in an orderly His b.
sequence, first across the atria to the AV Bundle of His AV node SA
node low in the atrial septum. There it is node c.
delayed slightly, allowing the atria the SA node AV node bundle of His bundle
time to contract before the ventricles are branches d.
stimulated. Then the impulse travels to the AV node SA node bundle of His bundle branches
bundle of His, the right and left bundle
branches, and then through the ventricles.
ANS: D 8. The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his
Because no cardiac valve exists to ankles include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when
separate the superior vena cava from the the
right atrium, the jugular veins give head of his bed is elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows that this finding
information about the activity on the indicates: a.
right side of the heart. They reflect Decreased fluid volume.
filling b.
pressures and volume changes. Normal Increased cardiac output.
jugular venous pulsation is 2 cm or less c.
above the sternal angle. Elevated Narrowing of jugular veins.
pressure is more than 3 cm above the d.
sternal angle at 45 degrees and occurs Elevated pressure related to heart failure.
with heart failure.
2/23
, 4/4/25, 5:47 Nr509 quizr |
PM
9. When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which
ANS: C of these statements to be true?
First, approximately two thirds of the a.
blood is shunted through an opening The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
in the atrial septum, the foramen ovale, b.
into the left side of the heart, where it The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an
is adult. c.
pumped out through the aorta. The Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial
foramen ovale closes within the first septum.
hour after birth because the pressure d.
in the The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus
right side of the heart is now lower than in arteriosus closes immediately after.
the left side.
10. A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of
100/70 mm Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her
blood pressure in her second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this
change, what does the nurse know to be true?
a.
ANS: A
This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is
Despite the increased cardiac output,
an expected change.
arterial blood pressure decreases in
b.
pregnancy because of peripheral
Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this
vasodilatation. The blood pressure drops
time.
to its lowest point during the second
c.
trimester and then rises after that.
This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a
decrease in cardiac output.
d.
This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume,
which is dangerous for the fetus.
11. In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure
140/100 mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split
S2 heart sound. Which of these findings can be explained by expected
ANS: B
hemodynamic changes related to age?
With aging, an increase in systolic blood
a.
pressure occurs. No significant change in
Increase in resting heart rate
diastolic pressure and no change in the
b.
resting heart rate occur with aging.
Increase in systolic blood pressure
Cardiac output at rest is does not
c.
changed with aging.
Decrease in diastolic blood
pressure d.
Increase in diastolic blood pressure
12. A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the
ANS: C
recording of his health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
sleeping. "I'll be sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I can't get my
(shortness of breath generally
breath." The nurse's best response to this would be:
occurring at night)
a.
occurs with heart failure. Lying down
"When was your last electrocardiogram?"
increases the volume of intrathoracic
b.
blood, and the weakened heart cannot
"It's probably because it's been so hot at night."
accommodate the increased load.
c.
Classically, the person awakens after 2
"Do you have any history of problems with your
hours of sleep, arises, and flings open a
heart?" d.
window with the perception of needing
"Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?"
fresh air.
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