4/4/25, 5:47 NR 509 Neuro |
PM
NR 509 NEURO EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++
Central Nervous System The brain and spinal cord
all the nerve fibers outside the brain and spinal cord: the 12 pairs of cranial nerves,
Peripheral Nervous System
the 31 pairs of spinal nerves , and all their branches
Peripheral: afferent messages sensory messages to the CNS from sensory receptors
Peripheral: efferent messages motor messages from the CNS out to muscles and glands
Peripheral: autonomic messages govern the internal. organs and blood vessels
the outer layer of nerve cell bodies; it looks like "gray matter" because it lacks
myelin.
Cerebral cortex
Center for a human's highest functions. governing thought, memory,reasoning,
sensation, and voluntary movement
half of the cerebrum; the left hemisphere is dominant in 95% of people, including
hemisphere
those who are left handed
Lobes four parts of each hemisphere
associated with personality, behavior, emotions, and intellectual function
Frontal lobe
The precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe initiates voluntary movement
Parietal lobe Postcentral gyrus is the primary center for sensation
Occipital lobe primary visual receptor center
behind the ear, has the primary auditory reception center, with functions of
Temporal lobe
hearing, taste, and smell
in the temporal lobe is associated with language comprehension. When damaged
Wernicke's area
in the person's dominant hemisphere, receptive aphasia results
Have the patient to stand with their feet together (touching each other). Then ask
How do you test for Romberg sign? the patient to close their eyes. Remain close at hand in case the patient begins
to sway or fall.
The most common causes of vertigo are inner ear infections or diseases of the ear
such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, and
Meniere's disease. BPPV can occur when calcium builds up in canals of the inner
ear, causing brief dizziness that lasts from 20 seconds to one minute.
Understand vertigo
Vertigo is commonly caused by a problem with the way balance works in the
inner ear, although it can also be caused by problems in certain parts of the
brain.
Causes of vertigo may include: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) -
where certain head movements trigger vertigo.
Expected postural changes during Progressive lordosis and, toward the third trimester, anterior cervical
pregnancy flexion, kyphosis, and slumped shoulders
Ask person to hold both hands back to back while flexing in the wrist 90°. Acute
Phalen rest
flexion of the wrist for 60 seconds produces no symptoms in the normal hand.
3 item screening test for dementia
Listen carefully, remember and then repeat three words that you say.
Mini-Cog
Draw the face of a clock
Now remember the three words and repeat them
Characteristic "hunched" position and limited abduction of arm. Occurs from
Traumatic adduction while arm is held in abduction or from fall and
Tear of rotator cuff shoulder,
throwing, or heavy lifting. Positive drop arm test: if the arm is possibly abducted at
the shoulder, the person is unable to sustain the position and shrugs or hitches
the shoulder forward to compensate with remaining in tact muscles
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2
PM
NR 509 NEURO EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++
Central Nervous System The brain and spinal cord
all the nerve fibers outside the brain and spinal cord: the 12 pairs of cranial nerves,
Peripheral Nervous System
the 31 pairs of spinal nerves , and all their branches
Peripheral: afferent messages sensory messages to the CNS from sensory receptors
Peripheral: efferent messages motor messages from the CNS out to muscles and glands
Peripheral: autonomic messages govern the internal. organs and blood vessels
the outer layer of nerve cell bodies; it looks like "gray matter" because it lacks
myelin.
Cerebral cortex
Center for a human's highest functions. governing thought, memory,reasoning,
sensation, and voluntary movement
half of the cerebrum; the left hemisphere is dominant in 95% of people, including
hemisphere
those who are left handed
Lobes four parts of each hemisphere
associated with personality, behavior, emotions, and intellectual function
Frontal lobe
The precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe initiates voluntary movement
Parietal lobe Postcentral gyrus is the primary center for sensation
Occipital lobe primary visual receptor center
behind the ear, has the primary auditory reception center, with functions of
Temporal lobe
hearing, taste, and smell
in the temporal lobe is associated with language comprehension. When damaged
Wernicke's area
in the person's dominant hemisphere, receptive aphasia results
Have the patient to stand with their feet together (touching each other). Then ask
How do you test for Romberg sign? the patient to close their eyes. Remain close at hand in case the patient begins
to sway or fall.
The most common causes of vertigo are inner ear infections or diseases of the ear
such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, and
Meniere's disease. BPPV can occur when calcium builds up in canals of the inner
ear, causing brief dizziness that lasts from 20 seconds to one minute.
Understand vertigo
Vertigo is commonly caused by a problem with the way balance works in the
inner ear, although it can also be caused by problems in certain parts of the
brain.
Causes of vertigo may include: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) -
where certain head movements trigger vertigo.
Expected postural changes during Progressive lordosis and, toward the third trimester, anterior cervical
pregnancy flexion, kyphosis, and slumped shoulders
Ask person to hold both hands back to back while flexing in the wrist 90°. Acute
Phalen rest
flexion of the wrist for 60 seconds produces no symptoms in the normal hand.
3 item screening test for dementia
Listen carefully, remember and then repeat three words that you say.
Mini-Cog
Draw the face of a clock
Now remember the three words and repeat them
Characteristic "hunched" position and limited abduction of arm. Occurs from
Traumatic adduction while arm is held in abduction or from fall and
Tear of rotator cuff shoulder,
throwing, or heavy lifting. Positive drop arm test: if the arm is possibly abducted at
the shoulder, the person is unable to sustain the position and shrugs or hitches
the shoulder forward to compensate with remaining in tact muscles
1/
2
