4/5/25, 10:06 NSG530 - Chapter 6: Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Homeostasis |
PM
NSG530 - CHAPTER 6: FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, & ACID-BASE
HOMEOSTASIS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (244)
T/F: Fluids are constantly moving in & out T: Fluids are constantly moving in & out of cells
of cells
- Interstitial fluid
Fluid refers to: - Blood
- Substances or ions in the fluids
- Water is where metabolic reactions & cellular processes occur
What is the role of water in the body? - Water carries nutrients, waste products, enzymes, & blood cells
- Water facilitates the movement of body parts
Where do metabolic reactions & In water
cellular processes occur?
Water is slightly____, so it helps to move Charged
charged particles or ions
The ions of the body are _____ Electyrolytes
How does water facilitate the movement Water acts as a buffer in joints
of body parts?
The bursae (fluid filled sacs) in the shoulder provide a cushion for the shoulder
Example of water acting as a buffer in
joint; we have fluid in moveable joints that help joints to move better & more
joints:
comfortably
What is intracellular fluid? Fluid inside of the cell
What is extracellular fluid? Fluid outside of the cell
What is interstitial fluid? Fluid that is between the cells
What is intravascular fluid? Fluid that is inside of the blood vessels
What is osmosis? The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
Water is constantly moving in & out of To balance solutions
cells, why?
Water moves from _____ solute to _____ solute Low solute to high solute
Water moves from an area of_____water High; low
concentration to an area of_____water
concentration
Water goes where_____goes Salt
Hydrostatic (push) & osmotic (oncontic) (pull)
What does the movement of water pressures
depend on?
A solution comes in the high pressure, Isotonic balance
arterial end of the capillary, the
pressure pushes water out of the
capillary at the arterial end & because
we have a higher concentration toward
the venous end of
the capillary, water is drawn back into the
capillary to balance the solution & to
1/
6
, 4/5/25, 10:06 NSG530 - Chapter 6: Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Homeostasis |
PM
achieve _____ _____
At the arterial end, what flows into the Fresh nutrients & oxygen
capillary?
The venous end of the capillary carries Waste & oxygen
away _____ & _____
- The ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water
- The osmotic pressure of 2 solutions separated by a semipermeable
What is tonicity?
membrane; there is a higher concentration on one side compared to the
other (EXCEPT IN ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS)
- Equal solute concentrations
Isotonic solution
- Causes no fluid shifts
- Lower solute concentration
Hypotonic solution - Causes water to move into the cell
- HYPO = HIPPO
- Higher solute
Hypertonic solution - Causes water to shift out of the cell
- HYPER = SKINNY
- Oral intake
What are examples of fluid sources?
- IV fluids
- 0.9% normal saline
Examples of isotonic IV fluid:
- Lactated ringers (LR)
- 0.45% saline
Example of hypotonic IV fluid:
- HYPO IS LOW %
- 5% dextrose in 0.9% normal saline (D5W)
Examples of hypertonic IV fluids: - 3% saline
- HYPER IS HIGHER %
- Urine
- Feces
How do we lose fluids? - Insensible losses
--> Sweating
--> Breathing
- The thirst mechanism
How does the body maintain fluid - Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
balance control? - Aldosterone
- Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
What is the thirst mechanism triggered Decreased blood volume & increased osmolarity
by?
What is the role of antidiuretic hormone To promote reabsorption of water in the kidneys
(ADH)?
What is the role of aldosterone? To increase the reabsorption of Na+ & water in the kidneys
What is the role of atrial natriuretic To stimulate vasodilation & suppress aldosterone, increasing urinary output
peptide (ANP)?
Where is atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) From the heart to decrease blood volume & systemic BP
released from?
What is the definition of fluid volume Too much fluid in the vascular space
excess?
Fluid volume excess is also known as _____ Hypervolemia
What are causes of fluid volume excess? - Excessive Na+ or water intake
2/
6
PM
NSG530 - CHAPTER 6: FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, & ACID-BASE
HOMEOSTASIS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Terms in this set (244)
T/F: Fluids are constantly moving in & out T: Fluids are constantly moving in & out of cells
of cells
- Interstitial fluid
Fluid refers to: - Blood
- Substances or ions in the fluids
- Water is where metabolic reactions & cellular processes occur
What is the role of water in the body? - Water carries nutrients, waste products, enzymes, & blood cells
- Water facilitates the movement of body parts
Where do metabolic reactions & In water
cellular processes occur?
Water is slightly____, so it helps to move Charged
charged particles or ions
The ions of the body are _____ Electyrolytes
How does water facilitate the movement Water acts as a buffer in joints
of body parts?
The bursae (fluid filled sacs) in the shoulder provide a cushion for the shoulder
Example of water acting as a buffer in
joint; we have fluid in moveable joints that help joints to move better & more
joints:
comfortably
What is intracellular fluid? Fluid inside of the cell
What is extracellular fluid? Fluid outside of the cell
What is interstitial fluid? Fluid that is between the cells
What is intravascular fluid? Fluid that is inside of the blood vessels
What is osmosis? The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
Water is constantly moving in & out of To balance solutions
cells, why?
Water moves from _____ solute to _____ solute Low solute to high solute
Water moves from an area of_____water High; low
concentration to an area of_____water
concentration
Water goes where_____goes Salt
Hydrostatic (push) & osmotic (oncontic) (pull)
What does the movement of water pressures
depend on?
A solution comes in the high pressure, Isotonic balance
arterial end of the capillary, the
pressure pushes water out of the
capillary at the arterial end & because
we have a higher concentration toward
the venous end of
the capillary, water is drawn back into the
capillary to balance the solution & to
1/
6
, 4/5/25, 10:06 NSG530 - Chapter 6: Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Homeostasis |
PM
achieve _____ _____
At the arterial end, what flows into the Fresh nutrients & oxygen
capillary?
The venous end of the capillary carries Waste & oxygen
away _____ & _____
- The ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water
- The osmotic pressure of 2 solutions separated by a semipermeable
What is tonicity?
membrane; there is a higher concentration on one side compared to the
other (EXCEPT IN ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS)
- Equal solute concentrations
Isotonic solution
- Causes no fluid shifts
- Lower solute concentration
Hypotonic solution - Causes water to move into the cell
- HYPO = HIPPO
- Higher solute
Hypertonic solution - Causes water to shift out of the cell
- HYPER = SKINNY
- Oral intake
What are examples of fluid sources?
- IV fluids
- 0.9% normal saline
Examples of isotonic IV fluid:
- Lactated ringers (LR)
- 0.45% saline
Example of hypotonic IV fluid:
- HYPO IS LOW %
- 5% dextrose in 0.9% normal saline (D5W)
Examples of hypertonic IV fluids: - 3% saline
- HYPER IS HIGHER %
- Urine
- Feces
How do we lose fluids? - Insensible losses
--> Sweating
--> Breathing
- The thirst mechanism
How does the body maintain fluid - Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
balance control? - Aldosterone
- Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
What is the thirst mechanism triggered Decreased blood volume & increased osmolarity
by?
What is the role of antidiuretic hormone To promote reabsorption of water in the kidneys
(ADH)?
What is the role of aldosterone? To increase the reabsorption of Na+ & water in the kidneys
What is the role of atrial natriuretic To stimulate vasodilation & suppress aldosterone, increasing urinary output
peptide (ANP)?
Where is atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) From the heart to decrease blood volume & systemic BP
released from?
What is the definition of fluid volume Too much fluid in the vascular space
excess?
Fluid volume excess is also known as _____ Hypervolemia
What are causes of fluid volume excess? - Excessive Na+ or water intake
2/
6
