AACN NEURO-ENCEPALOPATHY BLUEPRINT ACNPC-AG EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

AACN NEURO-ENCEPALOPATHY BLUEPRINT ACNPC-AG EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Encephalopathy Definition: Inability to carry out a coherent plan of thought or Action. What mental status exam tests would you do in an encephalopathic patient? level of alertness, orientation, and attention What test for encephalopathy? Vital signs and labs; Brain imaging can be normal but EEG shows encephalopathy, EEG can be useful for testing encephalopathy because [1] can help to differentiate neuro vs. psych; [2]. Rule out subclinical seizures or "non-convulsive status epilepticus" (encephalopathy mimic) Mimics of Encephalopathy include: Dementia with Lewy Bodies; REM sleep behavior disorder (act out dreams) and parasomnias (sleepwalking); Wernicke's aphasia; Psychosis, mania, depression; Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (last two: differentiate with EEG) The hallmark of encephalopathy is: Impaired ATTENTION (early finding in delirium, late finding in dementia) Symptoms of encephalopathy include: Hallucinations, delusions, agitation or lethargy; Irritation to light touch; Withdraw limbs unequally; Asterixis, myoclonus, tremor, sometimes hyperreflexia (acute liver malfunction)/hyporeflexia (thyroid derangement) T/F: Encephalopathy is often multifactorial: TRUE Why does encephalopathy occur? Metabolic homeostasis imbalance What can global disruption of metabolic homeostasis result in: Behavior change, poor coordination, ataxia, confusion, seizures, stupor and coma; May be a lag in recovery of CNS symptoms after the metabolic problem is corrected Encephalopathy causes include: VIITTAMIN: Vascular, Inflammatory, Infectious, Traumatic, Toxins, Autoimmune, Metabolic, Idopathic/Genetic; Neoplastic Vascular- Hypertensive encephalopathy Inflammatory- Urinary tract infection in elderly; Infection of the CNS (encephalitis) Infectious- meningitis Traumatic, Toxins, Autoimmune, Metabolic- endocrine disorders that cause encepha What mental status exam tests would you do in an encephalopathic patient? level of alertness, orientation, and attention What test for encephalopathy? Vital signs and labs; Brain imaging can be normal but EEG shows encephalopathy, EEG can be useful for testing encephalopathy because [1] can help to differentiate neuro vs. psych; [2]. Rule out subclinical seizures or "non-convulsive status epilepticus" (encephalopathy mimic) Mimics of Encephalopathy include: Dementia with Lewy Bodies; REM sleep behavior disorder (act out dreams) and parasomnias (sleepwalking); Wernicke's aphasia; Psychosis, mania, depression; Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (last two: differentiate with EEG) The hallmark of encephalopathy is: : Impaired ATTENTION (early finding in delirium, late finding in dementia) Symptoms of encephalopathy include: Hallucinations, delusions, agitation or lethargy; Irritation to light touch; Withdraw limbs unequally; Asterixis, myoclonus, tremor, sometimes hyperreflexia (acute liver malfunction)/hyporeflexia (thyroid derangement) T/F: Encephalopathy is often multifactorial: true Why does encephalopathy occur? Metabolic homeostasis imbalance