NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
NFDN 2005 SLOS PEDIATRICS
g g g
UNITg1:gGROWTHgANDgDEVELOPMENTgINgCHILDREN
Growth:gagquantitativegchangegthatgcangbegmeasured.gIE:gWeightgandgheight,gheadgcircumference,gbo
dygproportion,gandgbodygsystems.
Development:gagqualitativegchangegingskillgorgability.gIE:glearninggtogtiegshoesgorgbuildinggagbloc
kgtower.
Needgtogknowgdifferencegtogseegifgthereganygdelaysgingdevelopment.
- ThegDenvergIIgTest:gagtestgforgscreeninggcognitivegandgbehavioralgproblemsgingprescho
olgchildren.gAgsubject‟sgperformancegagainstgthegregulargagegdistributedgisgnoted.gWhite
gspaceg(50%gcannotgdogtask)gandgbluegspaceg(50%gcangdogtask).g2gorgmoregcautionsgorg1
gorgmoregdelaysgindicatesgreferralgtogspecialization.gTasksgareggroupedgintogfourgcategori
es:
o SocialgContact
o FinegMotorgSkill:gUsinggsmallergmusclesglikegholdinggagpen.
o Language
o GrossgMotorgSkills:gusingglargergmusclesglikegkickinggagball.
Children
- Post-NeonatalgPeriodg(28gdays)gupgtog16-17gyears.
- Dividedgintogdifferentgcategories:gneonatal,ginfancyg(28gdaysg-1gyear),gtoddlerg(1-
3),gpreschoolg(3-5),gschool-ageg(6-11),gandgadolescenceg(12+gtogaboutg16gtog17).
FamilygasgContext:gAgfamilygisgwhogtheygsaygtheygare*****.gTypesgofgfamiliesginclude:gNuclear
,gstepg(1gparentghasgagchild,gthegothergdoesn‟t),gblendedg(bothgparentsghavegchildren),gextended,g
adoptive,gskip-generationg(Grandparentsgraisinggtheggrandkids),gandgsingle-parent,galternative.
Generalgprinciplesgofgcare:
- Workgwithgthegparents/guardians
- Geargteachinggandgexplanationsgtogthegchild‟sgage
- Practicegtherapeuticgcommunicationgskills
- Monitorgchildrengmoregcloselygthangadultsg–
gchildrengdecompensationgdifferentlygthangadults.
Play:gTheg“workgofgchildhood”.
- Attunementg(Connectiongbetweengpeople),gbodyg(physical),gobject,gsocial,gimaginative
,gnarrative,gandgtransformativeg(usinggthingsgingagnewgway).
- Imitativegplaygisgimportant:gWhengtheygimitategthegparentsgdoinggsomethingglikegplayin
ggwithgtoolsgorgpretendinggtogfeedgagbaby.
- Shouldgbegdevelopmentallygappropriate.
1) Identifygprinciplesgofggrowthgandgdevelopment.
a. Theygaregcontinuousgprocessesgfromgconceptiongtogdeath.
b. Progressgingangorderlygsequence.
c. Differentgchildrengpassgthroughgthegpredictablegstagesgatgdifferentgrates.
i. Girlsgprogressgfastergthangboys
d. Differentgbodygsystems,gdifferentgdevelopmentgrates.
1
,NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
e. DevelopmentgisgCephalocaudalg(Startsgfromghead,gthengdowngthegbody).g-gsmiling
2
,NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
f. DevelopmentgproceedsgfromgProximalgtogdistalgbodygparts.-
ggrowthgfromgmidlinegout
g. Developmentgproceedsgfromggrossgtogrefinedgskills.
3
, NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
h. Developmentalgstagegdependsgongthegchild‟sgabilitygtogperformgtasksgNOTgbase
dgongtheirgage.gSomegpeoplegdevelopgslowergorgfastergthangothers.
i. Theregisgangoptimumgtimegforginitiatinggexperiencesgorglearning.gIE:gToile
tgtraining.
j. Neonatalgreflexesgmustgbeglostgfirstgbeforegdevelopmentgcangproceed.
k. Aggreatgdealgofgskillgandgbehaviorgisglearnedgbygpractice.
l. Workgwithgthegparents/guardians.
m. Geargteachinggandgexplanationsgtogthegchild’sgage
n. Practicegtherapeuticgcommunicationgskills
o. Monitorgchildrengmoregcloselygthangadults:gtheygdecompensategdifferentlygtha
ngadults.
p. Growthgrefersgtogphysicalgchanges.
q. Developmentgrefersgtogabilitygtogcompletegtasks.
2) Describegfactorsgthatginfluenceggrowthgandgdevelopment.
a. Nutrition,gdiseases,gsocio-economicgstatus,gexperience.
b. Genetics:gagchildgisgdifferentgfromgallgothergchildrengfromgthegmomentgofg
conceptiongduegtoggenetics.gThisgwillginfluencegthegrategofgbodyggrowthgan
dgdevelopment.gGeneticsgalsoginfluenceggender,ghealth,gandgintelligence.
c. GrowthgCharting:glookgforgproportionategheightgandgweight.gWatchgforgchildgt
ogmaintainggrowthgpattern.
i. Breastfedgandgbottle-fedgbabiesggrowgdifferently.
ii. DOgNOTggetgconcernedgunlessgchildgisgatgextremesgofgweightgorgchange
sggrowthgpatterngbyg2gpercentiles.
1. Extremesgofgweightgare:g>95thgpercentilegorg<5%gpercentile.
d. Temperament:
i. Reactiongpatterns:g9gofgthem.
1. Activityglevel:galwaysgplaying,gmovinggaroundgorgalwaysgcalm.
2. Rhythmicity:gPattern/routinesg(Gettinggupgorggoinggtogbedgatgth
egsamegtime)gorgnogpattern/routines.
3. Approach:gapproachablegorgnotgtognewgexperiences
4. Adaptability:gablegtogtakegingnewgexperiencesgorgitgmaygtakeg
agwhile.
5. Intensitygofgreactions:gholdgontogthingsgandgnevergletgitggog(Kee
pgreacting)gorgabsorbgtheginfogandgletgitggo.
6. Distractibility:gablegtogbegdistractedgorgstaygfocused
7. Attentiongspangandgpersistence:gCangalsogbegagegrelated.gGivegu
pgandgnotgbeinggablegtogpersistgthroughgsomething.
8. Thresholdgofgresponse:gtheyglistengrightgawaygorgyougrepea
tgyourselfgmultiplegtimesgandgtheygdon‟tgrespond.
9. MoodgQuality:ghappy,gwillinggtogtrygnewgthings,ggrumpy,gshy.
ii. Categoriesgofgtemperament:
1. Thegeasygchild:gmaygbegfavoredgbygthegparentsgasgtheygaregeven
gtempered,gregulargandgpredictable.gUsuallyghavegagpositivegmoo
d.
2. Thegdifficultgchild:gifgtheygaregnotgfavored,gtheygcangfeelgleftgo
utgandgthereforegmaygbegingtogactgout.gHighlygactive,girritable,ga
nd
4
NFDN 2005 SLOS PEDIATRICS
g g g
UNITg1:gGROWTHgANDgDEVELOPMENTgINgCHILDREN
Growth:gagquantitativegchangegthatgcangbegmeasured.gIE:gWeightgandgheight,gheadgcircumference,gbo
dygproportion,gandgbodygsystems.
Development:gagqualitativegchangegingskillgorgability.gIE:glearninggtogtiegshoesgorgbuildinggagbloc
kgtower.
Needgtogknowgdifferencegtogseegifgthereganygdelaysgingdevelopment.
- ThegDenvergIIgTest:gagtestgforgscreeninggcognitivegandgbehavioralgproblemsgingprescho
olgchildren.gAgsubject‟sgperformancegagainstgthegregulargagegdistributedgisgnoted.gWhite
gspaceg(50%gcannotgdogtask)gandgbluegspaceg(50%gcangdogtask).g2gorgmoregcautionsgorg1
gorgmoregdelaysgindicatesgreferralgtogspecialization.gTasksgareggroupedgintogfourgcategori
es:
o SocialgContact
o FinegMotorgSkill:gUsinggsmallergmusclesglikegholdinggagpen.
o Language
o GrossgMotorgSkills:gusingglargergmusclesglikegkickinggagball.
Children
- Post-NeonatalgPeriodg(28gdays)gupgtog16-17gyears.
- Dividedgintogdifferentgcategories:gneonatal,ginfancyg(28gdaysg-1gyear),gtoddlerg(1-
3),gpreschoolg(3-5),gschool-ageg(6-11),gandgadolescenceg(12+gtogaboutg16gtog17).
FamilygasgContext:gAgfamilygisgwhogtheygsaygtheygare*****.gTypesgofgfamiliesginclude:gNuclear
,gstepg(1gparentghasgagchild,gthegothergdoesn‟t),gblendedg(bothgparentsghavegchildren),gextended,g
adoptive,gskip-generationg(Grandparentsgraisinggtheggrandkids),gandgsingle-parent,galternative.
Generalgprinciplesgofgcare:
- Workgwithgthegparents/guardians
- Geargteachinggandgexplanationsgtogthegchild‟sgage
- Practicegtherapeuticgcommunicationgskills
- Monitorgchildrengmoregcloselygthangadultsg–
gchildrengdecompensationgdifferentlygthangadults.
Play:gTheg“workgofgchildhood”.
- Attunementg(Connectiongbetweengpeople),gbodyg(physical),gobject,gsocial,gimaginative
,gnarrative,gandgtransformativeg(usinggthingsgingagnewgway).
- Imitativegplaygisgimportant:gWhengtheygimitategthegparentsgdoinggsomethingglikegplayin
ggwithgtoolsgorgpretendinggtogfeedgagbaby.
- Shouldgbegdevelopmentallygappropriate.
1) Identifygprinciplesgofggrowthgandgdevelopment.
a. Theygaregcontinuousgprocessesgfromgconceptiongtogdeath.
b. Progressgingangorderlygsequence.
c. Differentgchildrengpassgthroughgthegpredictablegstagesgatgdifferentgrates.
i. Girlsgprogressgfastergthangboys
d. Differentgbodygsystems,gdifferentgdevelopmentgrates.
1
,NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
e. DevelopmentgisgCephalocaudalg(Startsgfromghead,gthengdowngthegbody).g-gsmiling
2
,NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
f. DevelopmentgproceedsgfromgProximalgtogdistalgbodygparts.-
ggrowthgfromgmidlinegout
g. Developmentgproceedsgfromggrossgtogrefinedgskills.
3
, NFDNg2005gSLOsgPediatrics
h. Developmentalgstagegdependsgongthegchild‟sgabilitygtogperformgtasksgNOTgbase
dgongtheirgage.gSomegpeoplegdevelopgslowergorgfastergthangothers.
i. Theregisgangoptimumgtimegforginitiatinggexperiencesgorglearning.gIE:gToile
tgtraining.
j. Neonatalgreflexesgmustgbeglostgfirstgbeforegdevelopmentgcangproceed.
k. Aggreatgdealgofgskillgandgbehaviorgisglearnedgbygpractice.
l. Workgwithgthegparents/guardians.
m. Geargteachinggandgexplanationsgtogthegchild’sgage
n. Practicegtherapeuticgcommunicationgskills
o. Monitorgchildrengmoregcloselygthangadults:gtheygdecompensategdifferentlygtha
ngadults.
p. Growthgrefersgtogphysicalgchanges.
q. Developmentgrefersgtogabilitygtogcompletegtasks.
2) Describegfactorsgthatginfluenceggrowthgandgdevelopment.
a. Nutrition,gdiseases,gsocio-economicgstatus,gexperience.
b. Genetics:gagchildgisgdifferentgfromgallgothergchildrengfromgthegmomentgofg
conceptiongduegtoggenetics.gThisgwillginfluencegthegrategofgbodyggrowthgan
dgdevelopment.gGeneticsgalsoginfluenceggender,ghealth,gandgintelligence.
c. GrowthgCharting:glookgforgproportionategheightgandgweight.gWatchgforgchildgt
ogmaintainggrowthgpattern.
i. Breastfedgandgbottle-fedgbabiesggrowgdifferently.
ii. DOgNOTggetgconcernedgunlessgchildgisgatgextremesgofgweightgorgchange
sggrowthgpatterngbyg2gpercentiles.
1. Extremesgofgweightgare:g>95thgpercentilegorg<5%gpercentile.
d. Temperament:
i. Reactiongpatterns:g9gofgthem.
1. Activityglevel:galwaysgplaying,gmovinggaroundgorgalwaysgcalm.
2. Rhythmicity:gPattern/routinesg(Gettinggupgorggoinggtogbedgatgth
egsamegtime)gorgnogpattern/routines.
3. Approach:gapproachablegorgnotgtognewgexperiences
4. Adaptability:gablegtogtakegingnewgexperiencesgorgitgmaygtakeg
agwhile.
5. Intensitygofgreactions:gholdgontogthingsgandgnevergletgitggog(Kee
pgreacting)gorgabsorbgtheginfogandgletgitggo.
6. Distractibility:gablegtogbegdistractedgorgstaygfocused
7. Attentiongspangandgpersistence:gCangalsogbegagegrelated.gGivegu
pgandgnotgbeinggablegtogpersistgthroughgsomething.
8. Thresholdgofgresponse:gtheyglistengrightgawaygorgyougrepea
tgyourselfgmultiplegtimesgandgtheygdon‟tgrespond.
9. MoodgQuality:ghappy,gwillinggtogtrygnewgthings,ggrumpy,gshy.
ii. Categoriesgofgtemperament:
1. Thegeasygchild:gmaygbegfavoredgbygthegparentsgasgtheygaregeven
gtempered,gregulargandgpredictable.gUsuallyghavegagpositivegmoo
d.
2. Thegdifficultgchild:gifgtheygaregnotgfavored,gtheygcangfeelgleftgo
utgandgthereforegmaygbegingtogactgout.gHighlygactive,girritable,ga
nd
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