PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS FOR ATI TEST, ATI LPN PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS FOR ATI TEST, ATI LPN PHARMACO U U U U U U U




LOGY PROCTORED EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSW
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1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is
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13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
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1. Calcium chloride
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2. Calcium gluconate
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3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
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4. Large doses of vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWER-
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2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-
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old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which be
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st food item?
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1. Milk
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2. Water
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3. Apple juice
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4. Orange juice - CORRECT ANSWER-4. Orange juice
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Rationale:

Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to administer th
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e medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron.
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Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
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3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, know
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ing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
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1. Tinnitus
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2. Diarrhea
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3. Constipation
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4. Decreased respirations - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Tinnitus
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Rationale:



PHARMACOLOGYuDRUGSuforuATIutest,uATIuLPNuPharmacologyuProctoreduExamuReviewuquestionsuwithucorrectuanswersu

,Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms i
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nclude tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not
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associated with salicylism. u u




4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nur
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se reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
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1. Immediately before swimming
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2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
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3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
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4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - CORRECT ANSWER-
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4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
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Rationale:

Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so that they c
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an penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.
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5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury. When applying the medic
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ation, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriat
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e nursing action?
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1. Notifying the registered nurse
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2. Discontinuing the medication
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3. Informing the client that this is normal
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4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - CORRECT ANSWER-
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3. Informing the client that this is normal
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Rationale:

Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-
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positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client sh
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ould be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a normal rea
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ction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
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6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. Th
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e nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occur
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red?

1.Hyperventilation
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,2.Elevated blood pressure
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3.Local pain at the burn site
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4.Local rash at the burn site - CORRECT ANSWER-1.Hyperventilation
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Rationale:

Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causi
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ng acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-
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base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. O
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ptions 3 and 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected fr
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om the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
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7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration of this medication, th
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e nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed?
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1. Platelet count
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2. Triglyceride level
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3. Complete blood count
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4. White blood cell count - CORRECT ANSWER-2. Triglyceride level
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Rationale:

Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be measured before treatment
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uand periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do
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not need to be monitored specifically during this treatment.
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8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin.
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The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which
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medication?

1. Vitamin A
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2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
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3. Furosemide (Lasix)
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4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Vitamin A
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Rationale:

Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of isotretinoin toxicit
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y. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued before is
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otretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
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, 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the
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potential for increased systemic absorption of the medication if the medication were being applied to whi
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ch of the following body areas?
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1. Back
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2. Axilla
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3. Soles of the feet
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4. Palms of the hands - CORRECT ANSWER-2. Axilla
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Rationale:

Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from regions w
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here the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower fro
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m regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
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10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is t
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aking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that the clien
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t is being treated for:
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1. Acne
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2. Eczema
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3. Hair loss
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4. Herpes simplex - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Acne
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Rationale:

Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears to work by supp
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ressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options
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2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
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11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial-
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thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram-
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negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to the client about the medication. Which stateme
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nt made by the client indicates a lack of understanding about the treatments?
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1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
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2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
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3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
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4. "The medication should be applied directly to the wound." - CORRECT ANSWER-
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3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
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