Physics Laboratory Manual 4th edition by Loyd, David (2013) | solution manual

012341534689 1 4 530 5
3 5535  54534



!"
#$
%&


&'!(
#)"(*$


+('

&'(#
(',("
%(-&"
(.(#(/!"0#
&%
#

(%
#!(-(('
#)
(!"1
2345673568839:;<=54<854>?<@6<;4ABA<8AC?A<:64A?A@8:<4AD<;;ACE54F3A@AGA4989:
EA<:9=;AH239:CA?5@:84<8A:85:86CA@8:83A:8<89:89D<;@<864A5E83A?A<:64A?A@8B45DA::H23A
?<9@75<;5E839:E94:8;<=54<854>9:859@845C6DA83A9CA<83<883A?A<@5E<:A85E
?A<:64A?A@8:9:83A?5:8B45=<=;AG<;6A5E83A?A<:64ACI6<@898>J<@C83A:8<@C<4CA44549:<
?A<:64A5E83AB4AD9:95@5E83A4A:6;8:HK@<CC9895@83AD5@DAB85EB45B<7<895@5EA4454:9:
B4A:A@8ACHLC9:89@D895@9:?<CA=A8FAA@83A<BB45M9?<895@85A4454B45B<7<895@4AB4A:A@8AC
=>83AD5@DAB85E:97@9E9D<@8E9764A:<@C83A?54AAM<D8<BB45<D36:9@783A:8<@C<4CA44545E
83A?A<:64ACI6<@898>F3A@989:N@5F@H
K89::845@7;>4AD5??A@CAC83<8:86CA@8:=AA@D564<7AC85B64D3<:A<D<;D6;<854F39D39:
B4AOB4574<??AC85D<;D6;<8A83A?A<@<@C:8<@C<4CCAG9<895@HP546:A9@;<8A4;<=54<8549A:83A
D<;D6;<854:356;C<;:53<GAB4AOB4574<??AC45689@A:85BA4E54?;9@A<4;A<:8:I6<4A:E98:858F5
B<4<?A8A4C<8<H
P54839:B<489D6;<4;<=54<854>98F56;C=A9@:846D89GA85<:N83A:86CA@8:85BA4E54?83A?A<@
<@C:8<@C<4CCAG9<895@D<;D6;<895@:=5836:9@783AB4AOB4574<??AC45689@A:<@CC94AD8;>E45?
83AAI6<895@:79GA@H239:F9;;A?B3<:9QAE5483A:86CA@8:AM<D8;>F3<85BA4<895@9:=A9@7
BA4E54?AC=>83AB4AOB4574<??ACD<;D6;<85445689@AH
23AB59@89:E54:86CA@8:855=:A4GA83A:8<89:89D<;G<49<895@5E4<@C5?A4454:HKE<?9:8<NA9:
?<CA9@4A<C9@783A?A8A4:89DNE545@A54?54A5E83A4ABA<8AC?A<:64A?A@8:J83A4A:6;89@7
A44549@<:9@7;A?A<:64A?A@8?<>=A:5;<47A<@C@5@O4<@C5?83<883AF35;AB45DA::
=AD5?A:?A<@9@7;A::HR<6895@:86CA@8:85=AAM84A?A;>D<4AE6;<@CA@D564<7A83A?85D3ADN
A<D3583A49@83A:A?A<:64A?A@8:9@54CA485<G59C:6D3BA4:5@<;A4454:H
 

,01235671863189 6 2312
36







!
"
#$
%
&"'
%
(


#"
&

)*+,-./01
,2,3*4/3561
&(7
+/.8-4

9

(&%

:;<
(

#
&
%;"
&=

%&7

>




?!
;%
(



;


;(
&
%
&"'
%
(

#
&

@&A@'A&
;#(
;"
&
)*+,-./0

#

BC(

#

&



(7"

#
#@@'
;(



"&%

7;
@
;#(
:;<;(:

"'A
"

;


@#(";"

(
A
&>#<


#
@#(";"

(
A
>
A#D




'

<&A'

;"
@&AA
7
&
,2,3*4/356

#

E


#
!#7'@
7
>
'(!
7;@
&>A

&(7
'(=(#D(
<&;&
;#(
;(




#
&A

?!
;%
(
&A

!#@
""
;"
@&AA
7
&
+/.8-4

#

FC
<#A
%




&

;"
;%!#!
A
@&A;>&

7
A
&7"

#
&
,2,3*4/356

#

GH(
!;(@;!A

)*+,-./0
&(7
,2,3*4/356

#"
@#'A7
>


A;%;(&

71
>'





&AD&"

%&;("

"#%

+/.8-4

#

IJ#
&(7#%

#"



!#>&>;A;

;"
KLMN
O

&

&AA

!
&

7
%
&"'
%
(
"
D;AA
>

;(




&(:

#$
RPQS
$#%



%
&(1
D


RPQS ;"



"
&(7&7
7
<;&
;#(
$#%



%
&(

TJ#
&
"
;
"
#$

!
&

7
%
&"'
%
(
"
#$
&
U'&(
;
1



4*/.
#$



%
&"'
%
(
"
;"




%#"

!#>&>A

<&A'

#$

&

U'&(
;


V

/66W+/62
#$
&
%
&"'
%
(

@&(
>

7


%;(
7
#(A
;$




'

<&A'

#$



%
&"'
7

U'&(
;

;"
=(#D(1
>'




)+*65,5-.
@&(
>

$#'(7
$#%




!#7'@;>;A;


XH(

;"
A&>#&
#1
;$



%



"
;@=
&7

?!&(7
7
";(@

;

D&"
%&('$&@
'
71





"'A
;(:

#
D#'A7
>

&(

?&%!A

#$
&
,2,3*4/356

#

Y3Z[1\2312



!


#
#$

(
@&'"
7
>
$&'A


U';!%
(

;"
@&AA
7
&
]&^
&(7#%

#
]>^
!
"#(&A


#
]@^
""

%&
;@

#
]7^
@&A@'A&
;#(

#
_.,`*+ab6c

9J#
&
(#%&A
7;"
;>'
;#(
#$
&(7#%

#"
D&

!
@
(
&:

#$
%
&"'
%
(
"
"#'A7
$&AA

D;
;(
edRPQS
#$



%
&(f
]&^
FXO
]>^
GTBO
]@^
VFFO
]7^
VVIO
_.,`*+ab8c


, 01345789 57785745789 5100


!"#$%
1&45789 51'98()(5*45789 5+045 57,5,445) )5
789 57785+''+'+1-"


!"#.%
1345/87*4958545875)559585957 845
957457507 9459574575 45
)55755 45(577851


!"#.%
1345/87*49585458757*7459570(85555)55
9585957457507 9459574575 45
)55755 45(57785


!"#$%
'11 8(5,4+99459((5925(5073958595748(5
595457551+991+99+99+991


!"#$%
4159585957,444)578) 8*5777745
)5575,4*)55 679)57(*59(



!"#7%
819057*595 5)55745)574558(5((75*45
7507 945957185(5


!"#.%
+1:44*)55 70(5((((8(7679)57(
*59(


!"#$%
;<=>?@AB<@CB<DEFGGHIJK=JCE
+1L545789 5778575445((,7789 575M)(7*8
7,51
NOP 0'1QQQQQRQQQQQQ
NSP 1+0QQQQTQQQQQQQ
NUP +0QQQQQVQQQQQQ
NWP +10QQQQXQQQQQQQ

, 013456758 4 474577 47554 84576 6 654  4
54675 6 6541



'(%) -

,
!
"

*
+, .!
"
#$%& .
"!
#&%&
/012345627

85444  8494:;5:<8=4845484 > 8?76 4
4 7641@4 :84AB6!DAC54 4 4 447EF
G4 HI H0 HJ HK L B6!D  CM
94 I1KNIN I1KNII I1KN00 I1KNIO I1KNIP Q1QQQKP Q1QQQ0
;5 I1KNOJ I1KNOR I1KNOP I1KNKR I1KNOK Q1QQQKJ Q1QQQ0
< I1KNIR I1KN0J I1KN0N I1KNQO I1KNIR Q1QQQRP Q1QQQO
S T74 6 654=4 4545575C: 4458 4 4 84576
 6 654 4841844 76 4 4I1KNIO81
J1UVVWXYVZ[\][Y[^_Y`WX_^_ab[c̀[d_b_X^ca_d[eZ[cb`[dc]]_X_aV_[]X\^[bf_[YVbWYg[hYgW_[\][
ijklim[^j[[nY`_d[\a[bfYb[VXcb_Xc\a[Ue_ò[hYgW_[\][ijklip[^[c̀[bf_[^\`b[YVVWXYb_j[
q
v risktrijklil ijklii ijkluu ijklimt ijklipum ijklip
ai r isrk ittrijklil ijiliptu rijklii ijkliptu rijkluu ijkliptu rijklim ijkliptu
riswtrxjxxxxxxxi xjxxxxxxum xjxxxxxxwp xjxxxxxxxit xjxxxkp

raits k xjxxxuw xjxxxu[r\a_[`cyac]cVYab[]cyWX_t
,
z{|}~{~€‚~ƒ{}ƒ„}}†‚|‡‚~€}|ˆˆƒˆ}~}}‡|‰ˆ|‡|{‚}Š~‚‹}‹~Œ‹}ˆ|€~~ƒ{}Ž‰‚}Ž}
€€‰ˆ€†%}ˆŽ}‹}}†‚|‡‚~€}|ˆˆƒˆ}Ž|€‰|}‹|ˆ}}}‘%‘‘‘&}‡}’‹~Œ‹}ˆ|€~~ƒ{“”Ž‰‚}
‹|ˆ}•}}(%#–—#}~}~„„|ˆ|{‚}„ˆƒ‡}‚‹|}€‚‰˜}™˜‰|}ƒ„}(%#–(—}Ž†}‘%‘‘)š}‡%}


›Ž|}€˜|ˆ˜†}‹}‚‹|}Ž|‚}‡|‰ˆ|‡|{‚}Š~‚‹}}~„„|ˆ|{€|}„ˆƒ‡}‚‹|}€‚‰˜}™˜‰|}ƒ„}ƒ{˜†}
‘%‘‘‘(}‡}{}‹~Œ‹}ˆ|€~~ƒ{}{ƒ‚|}Ž†}}}‘%‘‘‘&}‡%}