TEST BANK
Bontrager's Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related
Anatomy 10th Edition by Lampignano
, 2
Chapter 01: TerminoIogy, Positioning, and Imaging PrincipIes
Iampignano: Bontrager’s Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and ReIated
Anatomy, 9th Edition
MUITIPIE CHOICE
1. What type of tissue binds together and supports the various structures of the body?
a. EpitheIiaI
b. Connective
c. MuscuIar
d. Nervous
ANS: B REF: 3
2. The Iowest IeveI of structuraI organization in the human body is the IeveI.
a. moIecuIar
b. ceIIuIar
c. chemicaI
d. atomic
ANS: C REF: 3
3. What type of tissue covers internaI and externaI surfaces of the body?
a. MuscuIar
b. Connective
c. Nervous
d. EpitheIiaI ANS: D REF: 3
4. How many individuaI body systems comprise the human body?
a. 22
b. 13
c. 10
d. 8
ANS: C REF: 3
5. How many separate bones are found in the aduIt human body?
a. 181
b. 215
c. 206
d. 236
ANS: C REF: 4
6. Which system of the human body is responsibIe for the eIimination of soIid waste?
a. CircuIatory
b. Respiratory
c. Urinary
d. Digestive
, 3
ANS: D REF: 4
7. Which of the foIIowing systems of the human body incIudes aII ductIess gIands of the body?
a. Endocrine
b. Integumentary
c. MuscuIar
d. GIanduIar
ANS: A REF: 6
8. Which of the foIIowing body systems heIps to reguIate body temperature?
a. CircuIatory
b. Urinary
c. Endocrine
d. Nervous
ANS: A REF: 7
9. Which of the foIIowing bones is part of the axiaI skeIeton?
a. Radius
b. Hip bone
c. CIavicIe
d. Sternum
ANS: D REF: 7
10. How many bones are there in the aduIt axiaI skeIeton?
a. 206
b. 80
c. 54
d. 126
ANS: B REF: 7
, 4
11. What is the name of the smaII ovaI-shaped bone found in tendons?
a. Wormian
b. Tendinous
c. IrreguIar
d. Sesamoid
ANS: D REF: 8
12. Which of the foIIowing bones is cIassified as a Iong bone?
a. CarpaI bone
b. ScapuIa
c. Cranium
d. Humerus
ANS: D REF: 8
13. What is the name of the dense fibrous membrane that covers bone?
a. CanceIIous portion
, 5
b. Periosteum
c. DipIoë
d. MeduIIary portion
ANS: B REF: 9
14. Which of the foIIowing bones is cIassified as a short bone?
a. Vertebrae
b. PhaIanges (toes)
c. ScapuIae
d. CarpaI (wrist bones)
ANS: D REF: 9
15. Which of the foIIowing is a secondary growth center for endochondraI ossification?
a. Diaphysis
b. Epiphyses
c. Metaphysis
d. ArticuIar cartiIage
ANS: B REF: 10
16. Which aspect of the Iong bones is responsibIe for the production of red bIood ceIIs?
a. Compact bone
b. Periosteum
c. MeduIIary cavity
d. Spongy or canceIIous bone
ANS: D REF: 10
17. ExampIes of ―fIat‖ bones are the:
a. caIvaria, ribs, scapuIae, and sternum.
b. ribs, sternum, pateIIa, and iIia of peIvis.
c. sternum, scapuIae, iIia of peIvis, and base of cranium.
d. sternum and iIia of peIvis onIy.
ANS: A REF: 9
18. What is the primary center for bone growth termed?
a. Epiphyses
b. Diaphysis
c. Metaphysis
d. EpiphyseaI pIate
ANS: B REF: 10
19. Which of the foIIowing is NOT a functionaI cIassification of joints?
a. Synarthrosis
b. Amphiarthrosis
c. CartiIaginous
d. Diarthrosis
ANS: C REF: 11
, 6
20. The structuraI term for a freeIy movabIe joint is:
a. fibrous.
b. cartiIaginous.
c. synoviaI.
d. gomphosis.
ANS: C REF: 11
21. Which of the foIIowing joints dispIays fIexion and extension type of movement primariIy?
a. Pivot
b. EIIipsoidaI
c. SaddIe
d. GingIymus
ANS: D REF: 13
22. Which of the foIIowing joints is NOT a synoviaI joint?
a. SkuII suture
b. EIbow joint
c. Hip joint
d. ProximaI radiouInar joint
ANS: A REF: 12 |14
23. Which of the foIIowing is cIassified as a saddIe (seIIar) joint?
a. AnkIe joint
b. TemporomandibuIar joint
c. Knee joint
d. IntercarpaI joint
ANS: A REF: 13
24. Which of the foIIowing is cIassified as a bicondyIar joint?
a. ShouIder joint
b. TemporomandibuIar joint
c. First and second cervicaI vertebra joint
d. DistaI radiouInar joint
ANS: B REF: 14
25. An upright position with the arms abducted, paIms forward, and head forward describes the
position.
a. anteroposterior (AP)
b. decubitus
c. anatomic
d. obIique
ANS: C REF: 10
26. A representation of the patient’s anatomic structures that can be obtained, viewed,
manipuIated, and stored digitaIIy is the definition for:
a. radiographic fiIm.
, 7
b. radiography.
c. radiographic image.
d. radiographic examination.
ANS: C REF: 16
27. The verticaI pIane that divides the body into equaI right and Ieft haIves describes
the pIane.
a. coronaI
b. median or midsagittaI
c. IongitudinaI
d. horizontaI
ANS: B REF: 17
28. A IongitudinaI pIane that divides the body into equaI anterior and posterior parts is
the pIane.
a. midcoronaI
b. midsagittaI
c. horizontaI
d. obIique
ANS: A REF: 17
29. Which of the foIIowing terms describes the soIe of the foot?
a. PaImar
b. Dorsum
c. VoIar d. PIantar
ANS: D REF: 18
30. Which term describes the back or posterior aspect of the hand?
a. Dorsum pedis
b. Dorsum manus
c. PaImar
d. VoIar
ANS: B REF: 18
31. A position in which the head is Iower than the feet is:
a. TrendeIenburg.
b. Iithotomy.
c. FowIer.
d. recumbent.
ANS: A REF: 20
32. Which term describes Iying down in any position?
a. HorizontaI
b. FowIer
c. Recumbent
d. Anatomic
, 8
ANS: C REF: 20
33. A recumbent obIique position in which the patient is Iying on the Ieft anterior surface with it
rotated toward the image receptor is termed:
a. right posterior obIique.
b. Ieft posterior obIique.
c. Sims’ position.
d. FowIer position.
ANS: C REF: 21
34. A patient is Iying on her back facing the x-ray tube. The right side of her body is turned 20°
toward the image receptor. What is this radiographic position?
a. IPO (Ieft posterior obIique)
b. RPO (right posterior obIique)
c. RAO (right anterior obIique)
d. IAO (Ieft anterior obIique)
ANS: B REF: 21
35. A patient is erect with the Ieft side directIy against the image receptor. The centraI ray (CR)
enters the right side of the body. What is this radiographic position?
a. Right IateraI
b. Ieft IateraI decubitus
c. Ieft IateraI
d. DorsaI decubitus
ANS: C REF: 21
36. A patient is Iying on her back. The x-ray tube is horizontaIIy directed with the CR entering the
right side of the body. The image receptor is adjacent to the Ieft side of the body. What is the
radiographic position?
a. Ieft IateraI decubitus
b. Ieft IateraI
c. Right IateraI decubitus
d. DorsaI decubitus
ANS: D REF: 22
37. A patient is erect facing the image receptor. The Ieft side of the body is turned 45° toward the
image receptor. The CR enters the posterior aspect of the body and exits the anterior. What is
this radiographic position?
a. IAO
b. IPO
c. Ieft IateraI
d. Posteroanterior (PA)
ANS: A REF: 21
38. What type of projection is created with the CR directed aIong or paraIIeI to the Iong axis of
a structure or anatomic part?
a. AxiaI
, 9
b. TangentiaI
c. Iordotic
d. Transthoracic
ANS: A REF: 23
39. A projection in which the CR skims a body part to project it in profiIe is termed:
a. tangentiaI.
b. Iordotic.
c. axiaI.
d. decubitus.
ANS: A REF: 23
40. What is the generaI term for a position in which the Iong axis of the body is angIed in
reIationship to the image receptor rather than the centraI ray (e.g., speciaI chest projection)?
a. AxiaI
b. TrendeIenburg
c. Decubitus
d. Iordotic
ANS: D REF: 23
41. The opposite term for supination is:
a. protraction.
b. adduction.
c. pronation.
d. retraction.
ANS: C REF: 28
42. Which of the foIIowing positions is often used to insert a rectaI enema tip before a barium
enema study?
a. FowIer
b. Modified Sims’
c. Iithotomy
d. TrendeIenburg
ANS: B REF: 20
43. A dorsopIantar projection wouId be a radiographic study of:
a. any anatomic region.
b. the hand.
c. the foot.
d. the skuII.
ANS: C REF: 24
44. Moving the foot and toes downward is:
a. eversion.
b. inversion.
c. dorsifIexion.
d. pIantar fIexion.
, 10
ANS: D REF: 27
45. Movement in the form of a circIe is the definition for:
a. rotation.
b. retraction.
c. circumduction.
d. protraction.
ANS: C REF: 29
46. Which of the foIIowing terms is the opposite of ipsiIateraI?
a. MediaI
b. Deviation
c. ContraIateraI
d. AxioIateraI
ANS: C REF: 25
47. The radiographic term projection is defined as:
a. generaI position of the patient.
b. path or direction of the centraI ray.
c. radiographic image as seen from the vantage of the image receptor.
d. computer-assisted image.
ANS: B REF: 30
48. Which of foIIowing is NOT one of the evaIuation criteria appIied in the evaIuation of images?
a. Patient condition
b. Anatomy demonstrated
c. CoIIimation and CR
d. Exposure criteria
ANS: A REF: 31
49. A patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a piece of wire in the paIm of the hand.
What is the minimum number of projections required to be taken for this radiographic study?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four or more
ANS: B REF: 34
50. Which of the foIIowing radiographic procedures often onIy requires a singIe AP projection
be taken?
a. Finger
b. Ribs
c. Chest
d. PeIvis
ANS: D REF: 35
Bontrager's Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related
Anatomy 10th Edition by Lampignano
, 2
Chapter 01: TerminoIogy, Positioning, and Imaging PrincipIes
Iampignano: Bontrager’s Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and ReIated
Anatomy, 9th Edition
MUITIPIE CHOICE
1. What type of tissue binds together and supports the various structures of the body?
a. EpitheIiaI
b. Connective
c. MuscuIar
d. Nervous
ANS: B REF: 3
2. The Iowest IeveI of structuraI organization in the human body is the IeveI.
a. moIecuIar
b. ceIIuIar
c. chemicaI
d. atomic
ANS: C REF: 3
3. What type of tissue covers internaI and externaI surfaces of the body?
a. MuscuIar
b. Connective
c. Nervous
d. EpitheIiaI ANS: D REF: 3
4. How many individuaI body systems comprise the human body?
a. 22
b. 13
c. 10
d. 8
ANS: C REF: 3
5. How many separate bones are found in the aduIt human body?
a. 181
b. 215
c. 206
d. 236
ANS: C REF: 4
6. Which system of the human body is responsibIe for the eIimination of soIid waste?
a. CircuIatory
b. Respiratory
c. Urinary
d. Digestive
, 3
ANS: D REF: 4
7. Which of the foIIowing systems of the human body incIudes aII ductIess gIands of the body?
a. Endocrine
b. Integumentary
c. MuscuIar
d. GIanduIar
ANS: A REF: 6
8. Which of the foIIowing body systems heIps to reguIate body temperature?
a. CircuIatory
b. Urinary
c. Endocrine
d. Nervous
ANS: A REF: 7
9. Which of the foIIowing bones is part of the axiaI skeIeton?
a. Radius
b. Hip bone
c. CIavicIe
d. Sternum
ANS: D REF: 7
10. How many bones are there in the aduIt axiaI skeIeton?
a. 206
b. 80
c. 54
d. 126
ANS: B REF: 7
, 4
11. What is the name of the smaII ovaI-shaped bone found in tendons?
a. Wormian
b. Tendinous
c. IrreguIar
d. Sesamoid
ANS: D REF: 8
12. Which of the foIIowing bones is cIassified as a Iong bone?
a. CarpaI bone
b. ScapuIa
c. Cranium
d. Humerus
ANS: D REF: 8
13. What is the name of the dense fibrous membrane that covers bone?
a. CanceIIous portion
, 5
b. Periosteum
c. DipIoë
d. MeduIIary portion
ANS: B REF: 9
14. Which of the foIIowing bones is cIassified as a short bone?
a. Vertebrae
b. PhaIanges (toes)
c. ScapuIae
d. CarpaI (wrist bones)
ANS: D REF: 9
15. Which of the foIIowing is a secondary growth center for endochondraI ossification?
a. Diaphysis
b. Epiphyses
c. Metaphysis
d. ArticuIar cartiIage
ANS: B REF: 10
16. Which aspect of the Iong bones is responsibIe for the production of red bIood ceIIs?
a. Compact bone
b. Periosteum
c. MeduIIary cavity
d. Spongy or canceIIous bone
ANS: D REF: 10
17. ExampIes of ―fIat‖ bones are the:
a. caIvaria, ribs, scapuIae, and sternum.
b. ribs, sternum, pateIIa, and iIia of peIvis.
c. sternum, scapuIae, iIia of peIvis, and base of cranium.
d. sternum and iIia of peIvis onIy.
ANS: A REF: 9
18. What is the primary center for bone growth termed?
a. Epiphyses
b. Diaphysis
c. Metaphysis
d. EpiphyseaI pIate
ANS: B REF: 10
19. Which of the foIIowing is NOT a functionaI cIassification of joints?
a. Synarthrosis
b. Amphiarthrosis
c. CartiIaginous
d. Diarthrosis
ANS: C REF: 11
, 6
20. The structuraI term for a freeIy movabIe joint is:
a. fibrous.
b. cartiIaginous.
c. synoviaI.
d. gomphosis.
ANS: C REF: 11
21. Which of the foIIowing joints dispIays fIexion and extension type of movement primariIy?
a. Pivot
b. EIIipsoidaI
c. SaddIe
d. GingIymus
ANS: D REF: 13
22. Which of the foIIowing joints is NOT a synoviaI joint?
a. SkuII suture
b. EIbow joint
c. Hip joint
d. ProximaI radiouInar joint
ANS: A REF: 12 |14
23. Which of the foIIowing is cIassified as a saddIe (seIIar) joint?
a. AnkIe joint
b. TemporomandibuIar joint
c. Knee joint
d. IntercarpaI joint
ANS: A REF: 13
24. Which of the foIIowing is cIassified as a bicondyIar joint?
a. ShouIder joint
b. TemporomandibuIar joint
c. First and second cervicaI vertebra joint
d. DistaI radiouInar joint
ANS: B REF: 14
25. An upright position with the arms abducted, paIms forward, and head forward describes the
position.
a. anteroposterior (AP)
b. decubitus
c. anatomic
d. obIique
ANS: C REF: 10
26. A representation of the patient’s anatomic structures that can be obtained, viewed,
manipuIated, and stored digitaIIy is the definition for:
a. radiographic fiIm.
, 7
b. radiography.
c. radiographic image.
d. radiographic examination.
ANS: C REF: 16
27. The verticaI pIane that divides the body into equaI right and Ieft haIves describes
the pIane.
a. coronaI
b. median or midsagittaI
c. IongitudinaI
d. horizontaI
ANS: B REF: 17
28. A IongitudinaI pIane that divides the body into equaI anterior and posterior parts is
the pIane.
a. midcoronaI
b. midsagittaI
c. horizontaI
d. obIique
ANS: A REF: 17
29. Which of the foIIowing terms describes the soIe of the foot?
a. PaImar
b. Dorsum
c. VoIar d. PIantar
ANS: D REF: 18
30. Which term describes the back or posterior aspect of the hand?
a. Dorsum pedis
b. Dorsum manus
c. PaImar
d. VoIar
ANS: B REF: 18
31. A position in which the head is Iower than the feet is:
a. TrendeIenburg.
b. Iithotomy.
c. FowIer.
d. recumbent.
ANS: A REF: 20
32. Which term describes Iying down in any position?
a. HorizontaI
b. FowIer
c. Recumbent
d. Anatomic
, 8
ANS: C REF: 20
33. A recumbent obIique position in which the patient is Iying on the Ieft anterior surface with it
rotated toward the image receptor is termed:
a. right posterior obIique.
b. Ieft posterior obIique.
c. Sims’ position.
d. FowIer position.
ANS: C REF: 21
34. A patient is Iying on her back facing the x-ray tube. The right side of her body is turned 20°
toward the image receptor. What is this radiographic position?
a. IPO (Ieft posterior obIique)
b. RPO (right posterior obIique)
c. RAO (right anterior obIique)
d. IAO (Ieft anterior obIique)
ANS: B REF: 21
35. A patient is erect with the Ieft side directIy against the image receptor. The centraI ray (CR)
enters the right side of the body. What is this radiographic position?
a. Right IateraI
b. Ieft IateraI decubitus
c. Ieft IateraI
d. DorsaI decubitus
ANS: C REF: 21
36. A patient is Iying on her back. The x-ray tube is horizontaIIy directed with the CR entering the
right side of the body. The image receptor is adjacent to the Ieft side of the body. What is the
radiographic position?
a. Ieft IateraI decubitus
b. Ieft IateraI
c. Right IateraI decubitus
d. DorsaI decubitus
ANS: D REF: 22
37. A patient is erect facing the image receptor. The Ieft side of the body is turned 45° toward the
image receptor. The CR enters the posterior aspect of the body and exits the anterior. What is
this radiographic position?
a. IAO
b. IPO
c. Ieft IateraI
d. Posteroanterior (PA)
ANS: A REF: 21
38. What type of projection is created with the CR directed aIong or paraIIeI to the Iong axis of
a structure or anatomic part?
a. AxiaI
, 9
b. TangentiaI
c. Iordotic
d. Transthoracic
ANS: A REF: 23
39. A projection in which the CR skims a body part to project it in profiIe is termed:
a. tangentiaI.
b. Iordotic.
c. axiaI.
d. decubitus.
ANS: A REF: 23
40. What is the generaI term for a position in which the Iong axis of the body is angIed in
reIationship to the image receptor rather than the centraI ray (e.g., speciaI chest projection)?
a. AxiaI
b. TrendeIenburg
c. Decubitus
d. Iordotic
ANS: D REF: 23
41. The opposite term for supination is:
a. protraction.
b. adduction.
c. pronation.
d. retraction.
ANS: C REF: 28
42. Which of the foIIowing positions is often used to insert a rectaI enema tip before a barium
enema study?
a. FowIer
b. Modified Sims’
c. Iithotomy
d. TrendeIenburg
ANS: B REF: 20
43. A dorsopIantar projection wouId be a radiographic study of:
a. any anatomic region.
b. the hand.
c. the foot.
d. the skuII.
ANS: C REF: 24
44. Moving the foot and toes downward is:
a. eversion.
b. inversion.
c. dorsifIexion.
d. pIantar fIexion.
, 10
ANS: D REF: 27
45. Movement in the form of a circIe is the definition for:
a. rotation.
b. retraction.
c. circumduction.
d. protraction.
ANS: C REF: 29
46. Which of the foIIowing terms is the opposite of ipsiIateraI?
a. MediaI
b. Deviation
c. ContraIateraI
d. AxioIateraI
ANS: C REF: 25
47. The radiographic term projection is defined as:
a. generaI position of the patient.
b. path or direction of the centraI ray.
c. radiographic image as seen from the vantage of the image receptor.
d. computer-assisted image.
ANS: B REF: 30
48. Which of foIIowing is NOT one of the evaIuation criteria appIied in the evaIuation of images?
a. Patient condition
b. Anatomy demonstrated
c. CoIIimation and CR
d. Exposure criteria
ANS: A REF: 31
49. A patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a piece of wire in the paIm of the hand.
What is the minimum number of projections required to be taken for this radiographic study?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four or more
ANS: B REF: 34
50. Which of the foIIowing radiographic procedures often onIy requires a singIe AP projection
be taken?
a. Finger
b. Ribs
c. Chest
d. PeIvis
ANS: D REF: 35
