ARRT Registry Exam review
"Res ipsa loquitur" means... - ANS-the thing speaks for itself
\"Respondeat superior" means... - ANS-let the master answer
\A 15% increase in kVp, keeping all other factors the same, will result in a _________ of
radiographic receptor exposure.
a. doubling
b. halfing - ANS-a. doubling
\a 60 cycle AC generator will produce ___ pulses of electric current per second.
a. 120
b. 90
c. 60
d. 30 - ANS-a. 120
\a body at rest or in uniform motion remains in the same state unless a force is applied
describes what?
a. A=F/m
b. for every action there is a reaction
c. Newton's first law of motion
d. Coulomb's Law - ANS-c. Newton's first law of motion
\A bremsstrahlung interaction occurs between an incident electron and
a. Outer shell electron
b. Inner shell electron
c. Nucleus of the atom
d. Neutron of the atom - ANS-c. Nucleus of the atom
(A bremsstrahlung interaction is the interaction between an incident electron and an atom of
tungsten with in the anode)
\A CT scanogram can be used for which of the following purposes?
a. bone survey
b. long bone measurement
c. bone age
d. soft tissue neck - ANS-b. long bone measurement
\a detector element (DEL) size of 200 microns will produce how much spatial resolution?
a. 2.5 line pairs per millimeter
b. 5 line pairs per millimeter
c. 7.5 line pairs per millimeter
d. 10 line pairs per millimeter - ANS-a. 2.5 line pairs per millimeter
(a micron is 1/1,000,000 of a meter. there are 1,000 microns in a millimeter. Five, 200 micron
detectors, could fit in a millimeter. It takes two detectors to make a line pair, so the spatial
resolution would be 2.5 line pairs per millimeter)
\A flat panel detector is exposed with nothing between the xray tube and the detector. The
pixel readings of 5 different regions of interest across the detector are averaged and
compared. What quality control test was performed?
a. detectability
,b. linearity
c. repeatability
d. uniformity - ANS-d. uniformity
\A form of Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) called Gastrointestinal Syndrome will occur at a
dose threshold level of:
a. 10 Gy
b. .05 Gy
c. 50 Gy
d. 1 Gy - ANS-a. 10 Gy
(Gastrointestinal Syndrome will only occur at dose threshold levels of 10 Gy. It is
characterized by the destruction of the intestinal tract, leading to diarrhea and dehydration.
Victims of Gastrointestinal Syndrome are not expected to survive)
\A lateral projection of the thoracic spine requires a breathing technique of at least how many
seconds?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 7 - ANS-b. 3
\a light radiograph may be caused by which of the following?
1. grid cutoff
2. SID too low
3. grid ratio too low
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 & 3 only - ANS-a. 1 only
(grid cutoff is when the grid is misaligned with the xray beam and it absorbs the primary
xrays, causing the image to be much lighter than expected)
\A new x-ray unit was installed at a local hospital. The engineering department needed to
know the total voltage in order to properly power the unit. On one side of the x-ray unit there
was information stating that the unit's circuit had 250 A and 2,500 ohms. Using this
information, calculate the voltage. - ANS-625,000 Volts
(The total voltage is calculated as: 250 A x 2,500 ohms = 625,000 V)
\a non-grid requires 15 mAs. How much mAs is needed if a 15:1 grid ratio is used?
a. 15 mAs
b. 30 mAs
c. 45 mAs
d. 60 mAs - ANS-b. 30 mAs
(a 5:1 grid requires 2X more mAs to compensate for the loss of exposure because of the
scatter radiation that is absorbed)
\A patient in the first stages of shock would display which of the following symptoms?
a. rapid & shallow respirations, falling blood pressure, unconsciousness.
b. increased respirations, anxiety levels increase, skin is cold & clammy.
c. blood pressure falls, tachycardia.
,d. renal failure, chest pain. - ANS-b. increased respirations, anxiety levels increase, skin is
cold & clammy.
\A patient received a thyroid ablation treatment using an intravenously injected radionuclide.
If the absorbed dose to the thyroid is 0.59 Gy, calculate the effective dose. Assume the
thyroid has a tissue-weighting factor of 0.04 and the emitted radiation has a
radiation-weighting factor of 1.0.
a. 0.59 Sievert
b. 0.0236 Sievert
c. 14.76 Sievert
d. 0.59 Millisievert - ANS-b. 0.0236 Sievert
(Effective Dose is equal to D x WR x WT. For this question, 0.59 Gy x 1 x 0.04 = 0.0236 Sv.
Remember that when absorbed dose is converted to effective dose, the units must be
changed from gray to Sievert)
\A patient restraint:
1. is typically in use before the patient arrives at the radiology department.
2. would include using tape to help a child stay still.
3. might include a vest with straps that are tied to stretcher.
a. 1 & 2 only
b. 1 & 3 only
c. 2 & 3 only
d. 1, 2, & 3 - ANS-b. 1 & 3 only
\a patient suddenly has difficulty breathing, what is the first thing a radiographer should do?
a. lie the patient supine
b. call for help
c. administer oxygen
d. administer CPR - ANS-b. call for help
\a patient with a head injury should remain in what position? - ANS-semi-erect
\A process used to identify the useful pixels values in the digital image is called:
a. Histogram analysis
b. Rescaling
c. Lookup Table adjustments
d. Digitization - ANS-a. Histogram analysis
(After the x-ray exposure is made, there are 3 adjustments made to the histogram before the
image is displayed. 1) Histogram analysis identifies the useful pixels ("values of interest"),
which are used for processing. 2) Rescaling adjusts the pixel values to fit the normal
histogram of the body part and adjust for small exposure errors. 3) A Lookup Table is used to
give the image just the right amount of brightness and contrast)
\A radiation worker inhales a large volume of an alpha-emitting radon gas (WR = 20),
resulting in an absorbed dose of 1.02 Gy to the lungs. Calculate the equivalent dose.
a. 20.4 Sv
b. 1.02 Gy
c. 2448 mSv
d. 1.02 mGy - ANS-a. 20.4 Sv
, (Equivalent Dose is calculated as D x WR . For this question, EqD = 1.02 Gy x 20 = 20.4 Sv.
Remember that when absorbed dose is converted to equivalent dose, the units change from
Gray to Sievert.)
\a sampling frequency of 10 pixels per millimeter would produce how much spatial
resolution?
a. 1 line pair per millimeter
b. 5 line pairs per millimeter
c. 10 line pairs per millimeter
d. 20 line pairs per millimeter - ANS-b. 5 line pairs per millimeter
\A series of x-ray exposures results in a patient's skin absorbing 2.0 joules of energy. The
exposed area of skin has a mass of 0.5 kilograms. Calculate the absorbed dose to the skin.
a. 4 Gy
b. 1 Gy
c. 0.25 Gy
d. 2.5 Gy - ANS-a. 4 Gy
(Absorbed dose is equal to joules per kilogram and described in units of Gray. For this
question, the absorbed dose is: 2.0 J / 0.5 kg = 4 Gy)
\A Swan-Ganz catheter is a(n):
a. urinary catheter
b. chest tube
c. nasogastric catheter
d. angio catheter - ANS-d. angio catheter
\a technique of 300 mA, 1/10 second and 60 kVp is to be changed to 69 kVp. What would be
the new time?
a. 1/40 second
b. 1/20 second
c. 1/3 second
d. 1/5 second - ANS-b. 1/20 second
(a 15% increase in kVp will double the exposure. Therefore, you have to cut your time in half
to compensate. 1/2 of 1/10 is 1/20)
\A technique of 400 mA, .25 seconds, non-grid could be converted to a technique of 200 mA,
with an 8:1 grid at _____ seconds - ANS-2 seconds
(400 x .25 = 100mAs and no grid. An 8:1 grid requires 4X more mAs. 400mAs divided by
200 mA = 2 seconds)
\A transformer constructed with 10,00 primary turns and 2,500 secondary turns will yield an
output voltage of _____ when being supplied with 210 volts.
a. 2710 volts
b. 52.5 volts
c. 840 volts
d. 525 volts - ANS-b. 52.5 volts
\a water-soluble iodinated contrast media whose osmolality is high:
a. has more particles in solution and results in increased adverse reactions.
b. has more particles in solution and results in decreased adverse reactions.
c. has fewer particles in solution and results in increased adverse reactions.
d. has fewer particles in solution and results in decreased adverse reactions. - ANS-a. has
more particles in solution and results in increased adverse reactions.
"Res ipsa loquitur" means... - ANS-the thing speaks for itself
\"Respondeat superior" means... - ANS-let the master answer
\A 15% increase in kVp, keeping all other factors the same, will result in a _________ of
radiographic receptor exposure.
a. doubling
b. halfing - ANS-a. doubling
\a 60 cycle AC generator will produce ___ pulses of electric current per second.
a. 120
b. 90
c. 60
d. 30 - ANS-a. 120
\a body at rest or in uniform motion remains in the same state unless a force is applied
describes what?
a. A=F/m
b. for every action there is a reaction
c. Newton's first law of motion
d. Coulomb's Law - ANS-c. Newton's first law of motion
\A bremsstrahlung interaction occurs between an incident electron and
a. Outer shell electron
b. Inner shell electron
c. Nucleus of the atom
d. Neutron of the atom - ANS-c. Nucleus of the atom
(A bremsstrahlung interaction is the interaction between an incident electron and an atom of
tungsten with in the anode)
\A CT scanogram can be used for which of the following purposes?
a. bone survey
b. long bone measurement
c. bone age
d. soft tissue neck - ANS-b. long bone measurement
\a detector element (DEL) size of 200 microns will produce how much spatial resolution?
a. 2.5 line pairs per millimeter
b. 5 line pairs per millimeter
c. 7.5 line pairs per millimeter
d. 10 line pairs per millimeter - ANS-a. 2.5 line pairs per millimeter
(a micron is 1/1,000,000 of a meter. there are 1,000 microns in a millimeter. Five, 200 micron
detectors, could fit in a millimeter. It takes two detectors to make a line pair, so the spatial
resolution would be 2.5 line pairs per millimeter)
\A flat panel detector is exposed with nothing between the xray tube and the detector. The
pixel readings of 5 different regions of interest across the detector are averaged and
compared. What quality control test was performed?
a. detectability
,b. linearity
c. repeatability
d. uniformity - ANS-d. uniformity
\A form of Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) called Gastrointestinal Syndrome will occur at a
dose threshold level of:
a. 10 Gy
b. .05 Gy
c. 50 Gy
d. 1 Gy - ANS-a. 10 Gy
(Gastrointestinal Syndrome will only occur at dose threshold levels of 10 Gy. It is
characterized by the destruction of the intestinal tract, leading to diarrhea and dehydration.
Victims of Gastrointestinal Syndrome are not expected to survive)
\A lateral projection of the thoracic spine requires a breathing technique of at least how many
seconds?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 7 - ANS-b. 3
\a light radiograph may be caused by which of the following?
1. grid cutoff
2. SID too low
3. grid ratio too low
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 & 3 only - ANS-a. 1 only
(grid cutoff is when the grid is misaligned with the xray beam and it absorbs the primary
xrays, causing the image to be much lighter than expected)
\A new x-ray unit was installed at a local hospital. The engineering department needed to
know the total voltage in order to properly power the unit. On one side of the x-ray unit there
was information stating that the unit's circuit had 250 A and 2,500 ohms. Using this
information, calculate the voltage. - ANS-625,000 Volts
(The total voltage is calculated as: 250 A x 2,500 ohms = 625,000 V)
\a non-grid requires 15 mAs. How much mAs is needed if a 15:1 grid ratio is used?
a. 15 mAs
b. 30 mAs
c. 45 mAs
d. 60 mAs - ANS-b. 30 mAs
(a 5:1 grid requires 2X more mAs to compensate for the loss of exposure because of the
scatter radiation that is absorbed)
\A patient in the first stages of shock would display which of the following symptoms?
a. rapid & shallow respirations, falling blood pressure, unconsciousness.
b. increased respirations, anxiety levels increase, skin is cold & clammy.
c. blood pressure falls, tachycardia.
,d. renal failure, chest pain. - ANS-b. increased respirations, anxiety levels increase, skin is
cold & clammy.
\A patient received a thyroid ablation treatment using an intravenously injected radionuclide.
If the absorbed dose to the thyroid is 0.59 Gy, calculate the effective dose. Assume the
thyroid has a tissue-weighting factor of 0.04 and the emitted radiation has a
radiation-weighting factor of 1.0.
a. 0.59 Sievert
b. 0.0236 Sievert
c. 14.76 Sievert
d. 0.59 Millisievert - ANS-b. 0.0236 Sievert
(Effective Dose is equal to D x WR x WT. For this question, 0.59 Gy x 1 x 0.04 = 0.0236 Sv.
Remember that when absorbed dose is converted to effective dose, the units must be
changed from gray to Sievert)
\A patient restraint:
1. is typically in use before the patient arrives at the radiology department.
2. would include using tape to help a child stay still.
3. might include a vest with straps that are tied to stretcher.
a. 1 & 2 only
b. 1 & 3 only
c. 2 & 3 only
d. 1, 2, & 3 - ANS-b. 1 & 3 only
\a patient suddenly has difficulty breathing, what is the first thing a radiographer should do?
a. lie the patient supine
b. call for help
c. administer oxygen
d. administer CPR - ANS-b. call for help
\a patient with a head injury should remain in what position? - ANS-semi-erect
\A process used to identify the useful pixels values in the digital image is called:
a. Histogram analysis
b. Rescaling
c. Lookup Table adjustments
d. Digitization - ANS-a. Histogram analysis
(After the x-ray exposure is made, there are 3 adjustments made to the histogram before the
image is displayed. 1) Histogram analysis identifies the useful pixels ("values of interest"),
which are used for processing. 2) Rescaling adjusts the pixel values to fit the normal
histogram of the body part and adjust for small exposure errors. 3) A Lookup Table is used to
give the image just the right amount of brightness and contrast)
\A radiation worker inhales a large volume of an alpha-emitting radon gas (WR = 20),
resulting in an absorbed dose of 1.02 Gy to the lungs. Calculate the equivalent dose.
a. 20.4 Sv
b. 1.02 Gy
c. 2448 mSv
d. 1.02 mGy - ANS-a. 20.4 Sv
, (Equivalent Dose is calculated as D x WR . For this question, EqD = 1.02 Gy x 20 = 20.4 Sv.
Remember that when absorbed dose is converted to equivalent dose, the units change from
Gray to Sievert.)
\a sampling frequency of 10 pixels per millimeter would produce how much spatial
resolution?
a. 1 line pair per millimeter
b. 5 line pairs per millimeter
c. 10 line pairs per millimeter
d. 20 line pairs per millimeter - ANS-b. 5 line pairs per millimeter
\A series of x-ray exposures results in a patient's skin absorbing 2.0 joules of energy. The
exposed area of skin has a mass of 0.5 kilograms. Calculate the absorbed dose to the skin.
a. 4 Gy
b. 1 Gy
c. 0.25 Gy
d. 2.5 Gy - ANS-a. 4 Gy
(Absorbed dose is equal to joules per kilogram and described in units of Gray. For this
question, the absorbed dose is: 2.0 J / 0.5 kg = 4 Gy)
\A Swan-Ganz catheter is a(n):
a. urinary catheter
b. chest tube
c. nasogastric catheter
d. angio catheter - ANS-d. angio catheter
\a technique of 300 mA, 1/10 second and 60 kVp is to be changed to 69 kVp. What would be
the new time?
a. 1/40 second
b. 1/20 second
c. 1/3 second
d. 1/5 second - ANS-b. 1/20 second
(a 15% increase in kVp will double the exposure. Therefore, you have to cut your time in half
to compensate. 1/2 of 1/10 is 1/20)
\A technique of 400 mA, .25 seconds, non-grid could be converted to a technique of 200 mA,
with an 8:1 grid at _____ seconds - ANS-2 seconds
(400 x .25 = 100mAs and no grid. An 8:1 grid requires 4X more mAs. 400mAs divided by
200 mA = 2 seconds)
\A transformer constructed with 10,00 primary turns and 2,500 secondary turns will yield an
output voltage of _____ when being supplied with 210 volts.
a. 2710 volts
b. 52.5 volts
c. 840 volts
d. 525 volts - ANS-b. 52.5 volts
\a water-soluble iodinated contrast media whose osmolality is high:
a. has more particles in solution and results in increased adverse reactions.
b. has more particles in solution and results in decreased adverse reactions.
c. has fewer particles in solution and results in increased adverse reactions.
d. has fewer particles in solution and results in decreased adverse reactions. - ANS-a. has
more particles in solution and results in increased adverse reactions.
