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Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry
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Multiple Choice Questions
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1. Cellularpfoundations
Pages:p3-4ppDifficulty:p1 Ans:pC
Inpapbacterialpcell,pthepDNApispinpthe:
A) cellpenvelope.
B) cellp membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.
2. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p4 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pE
Apmajorpchangepoccurringpinpthep evolutionpofpeukaryotespfrompprokaryotespwaspthepdevelo
A) DNA.
B) pphotosyntheticp capability.
C) pplasmap membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) thepnucleus.
3. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p4 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pB
Inpeukaryotes,pthepnucleuspispenclosedpbypap doublepmembranepcalledpthe:
A) cellp membrane.
B) nuclearpenvelope. @theb
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p4 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pC
Thepdimensionspofplivingpcellspareplimited,ponptheplowerpendpbypthepminimumpnumberpofpbio
rypforpfunction,pandponpthepupperpendpbypthepratep ofpdiffusionpofpsolutespsuchpaspoxygen.
Exceptpforphighlypelongatedpcells,ptheypusuallyphaveplengthspandpdiameterspinpthep rangepof:
A) 0.1pµmptop10pµm.
B) 0.3pµmptop30pµm.
C) 0.3pµmptop100p µm.
D) 1pµmptop100pµm.
E) 1pµmptop300pµm.
,2 Chapterp1ppp ThepFoundationspo
5. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p5 Difficulty:p2 Ans:p B
ThepbacteriumpE.p coliprequirespsimpleporganicpmoleculespforpgrowthpandp energy—itpispther
A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) pphotoautotroph.
E) pphotoheterotroph.
6. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p10 Difficulty:p 2 Ans:p B
Whichponepofpthepfollowingphaspthep cellularpcomponentsparrangedpinporderpofp increasingps
A) Aminopacidp<pproteinp<p mitochondrionp<pribosome
B) Aminopacidp<pproteinp<p ribosomep<p mitochondrion
C) Aminopacidp<pribosomep<p proteinp<pmitochondrion
D) Proteinp<paminopacidp<p mitochondrionp<pribosome
E) Proteinp<pribosomep<p mitochondrionp<paminopacid
7. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p11 Difficulty:p 2 Ans:p A
Thepthree-
dimensionalpstructurepofpmacromoleculespispformedpandpmaintainedpprimarilypthroughpnon
ns.p Whichponepofpthepfollowingpisp notpconsideredpap noncovalentpinteraction?
A) carbon-carbonpbonds
B) hydrogenpbonds
C) hydrophobicpinteractions
D) ionicpinteractions
E) vanpderpWaalspinteractions
8. Chemicalp foundations
Page:p12 Difficulty:p 2 Ans:p E
Whichponepofpthepfollowingpisp notpamongpthepfourp mostpabundantpelementspinplivingporgan
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) pNitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus
9. Chemicalp foundations
Page:p13 Difficulty:p 1 Ans:p B
Thepfourpcovalentpbondspinpmethanep(CHp4)pareparrangedparoundpcarbonptopgivep whichponepo
ngpgeometries?
, Chapterp1p ThepFpoundationspofpp Bpiochemistry
10. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p14 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pB
Whatpfunctionalpgroupspareppresentponpthispmolecule?
A) etherpandpaldehyde
B) hydroxylpandpaldehyde
C) hydroxylpandpcarboxylicpacid
D) hydroxylpandpester
E) hydroxylpandpketone
11. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p16 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pD
Thepmacromoleculespthatpservepinpthepstoragep andptransmissionpofpgeneticpinformationpare:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleicpacids.
E) pproteins.
12. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p17 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pD
Stereoisomerspthatparepnonsuperimposablepmirrorpimagespofpeachpotherp arepknownpas:
A) anomers.
B) cis-transp isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometricpisomers.
13. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p20 Difficulty:p3 Ans:pE
Thepenzymepfumarasepcatalyzespthepreversiblephydrationpofpfumaricpacidptopl-
malate,pbutpitpwillpnotpcatalyzepthephydrationpofpmaleicpacid,pthepcispisomerpofpfumaricpacid
xamplepof:
A) pbiologicalpactivity.
B) chiralpactivity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.
p
Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry
p ppp p p p
Multiple Choice Questions
p p
1. Cellularpfoundations
Pages:p3-4ppDifficulty:p1 Ans:pC
Inpapbacterialpcell,pthepDNApispinpthe:
A) cellpenvelope.
B) cellp membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.
2. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p4 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pE
Apmajorpchangepoccurringpinpthep evolutionpofpeukaryotespfrompprokaryotespwaspthepdevelo
A) DNA.
B) pphotosyntheticp capability.
C) pplasmap membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) thepnucleus.
3. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p4 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pB
Inpeukaryotes,pthepnucleuspispenclosedpbypap doublepmembranepcalledpthe:
A) cellp membrane.
B) nuclearpenvelope. @theb
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p4 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pC
Thepdimensionspofplivingpcellspareplimited,ponptheplowerpendpbypthepminimumpnumberpofpbio
rypforpfunction,pandponpthepupperpendpbypthepratep ofpdiffusionpofpsolutespsuchpaspoxygen.
Exceptpforphighlypelongatedpcells,ptheypusuallyphaveplengthspandpdiameterspinpthep rangepof:
A) 0.1pµmptop10pµm.
B) 0.3pµmptop30pµm.
C) 0.3pµmptop100p µm.
D) 1pµmptop100pµm.
E) 1pµmptop300pµm.
,2 Chapterp1ppp ThepFoundationspo
5. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p5 Difficulty:p2 Ans:p B
ThepbacteriumpE.p coliprequirespsimpleporganicpmoleculespforpgrowthpandp energy—itpispther
A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) pphotoautotroph.
E) pphotoheterotroph.
6. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p10 Difficulty:p 2 Ans:p B
Whichponepofpthepfollowingphaspthep cellularpcomponentsparrangedpinporderpofp increasingps
A) Aminopacidp<pproteinp<p mitochondrionp<pribosome
B) Aminopacidp<pproteinp<p ribosomep<p mitochondrion
C) Aminopacidp<pribosomep<p proteinp<pmitochondrion
D) Proteinp<paminopacidp<p mitochondrionp<pribosome
E) Proteinp<pribosomep<p mitochondrionp<paminopacid
7. Cellularpfoundations
Page:p11 Difficulty:p 2 Ans:p A
Thepthree-
dimensionalpstructurepofpmacromoleculespispformedpandpmaintainedpprimarilypthroughpnon
ns.p Whichponepofpthepfollowingpisp notpconsideredpap noncovalentpinteraction?
A) carbon-carbonpbonds
B) hydrogenpbonds
C) hydrophobicpinteractions
D) ionicpinteractions
E) vanpderpWaalspinteractions
8. Chemicalp foundations
Page:p12 Difficulty:p 2 Ans:p E
Whichponepofpthepfollowingpisp notpamongpthepfourp mostpabundantpelementspinplivingporgan
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) pNitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus
9. Chemicalp foundations
Page:p13 Difficulty:p 1 Ans:p B
Thepfourpcovalentpbondspinpmethanep(CHp4)pareparrangedparoundpcarbonptopgivep whichponepo
ngpgeometries?
, Chapterp1p ThepFpoundationspofpp Bpiochemistry
10. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p14 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pB
Whatpfunctionalpgroupspareppresentponpthispmolecule?
A) etherpandpaldehyde
B) hydroxylpandpaldehyde
C) hydroxylpandpcarboxylicpacid
D) hydroxylpandpester
E) hydroxylpandpketone
11. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p16 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pD
Thepmacromoleculespthatpservepinpthepstoragep andptransmissionpofpgeneticpinformationpare:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleicpacids.
E) pproteins.
12. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p17 Difficulty:p1 Ans:pD
Stereoisomerspthatparepnonsuperimposablepmirrorpimagespofpeachpotherp arepknownpas:
A) anomers.
B) cis-transp isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometricpisomers.
13. Chemicalpfoundations
Page:p20 Difficulty:p3 Ans:pE
Thepenzymepfumarasepcatalyzespthepreversiblephydrationpofpfumaricpacidptopl-
malate,pbutpitpwillpnotpcatalyzepthephydrationpofpmaleicpacid,pthepcispisomerpofpfumaricpacid
xamplepof:
A) pbiologicalpactivity.
B) chiralpactivity.
C) racemization.
D) stereoisomerization.
E) stereospecificity.
