UIUC MCB 150 - FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Who speculated that cells are living entities and plants are aggregates of cells? -
Answers :Schleiden
Who proposed that all cells originate from other cells? - Answers :Virchow
Which of these statements is not a part of the cell theory?
All cells are replaced
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
new cells come only from pre-existing cells by cell division
cells are the smallest units of life - Answers :all cells are replaced
The field that involves the study of cells and how they interact with other cells is termed
- Answers :cell/cellular biology/physiology
In terms of cell size, the majority of cells are - Answers :too small to be seen with the
unaided eye
Which scientists are credited with the cell theory? - Answers :Schleiden and Schwann
The German botanist who speculated in 1838 that cells are living entities and that plants
are aggregates of cells was - Answers :Schleiden
The interaction of which of the following macromolecules plays an important role in the
formation of living cells?
DNA
Lipids
Carbs
RNA
Proteins - Answers :DNA, RNA, Proteins
How would early cells benefit from DNA replacing RNA as the information storage
molecule? - Answers :RNA would have more flexibility in its catalytic functions.
,Information would be stored in a more stable molecule.
A magnification tool that enables researchers to study the structure and function of cells
is the - Answers :microscope
A photograph taken by means of a microscope is called a(n) - Answers :micrograph
Which macromolecule forms the foundation for the structure and activities of living
cells?
Multiple choice question. - Answers :proteins
What are the three important parameters of microscopy?
Multiple select question. - Answers :resolution, contrast, magnification
The different chemical properties of amino acids have given proteins ______ catalytic
ability than RNA molecules. - Answers :greater
The ability to observe two adjacent objects as distinct from one another, a measure of
clarity, is called - Answers :resolution
Which of these is an optical instrument that allows researchers to view and study very
small objects, such as cellular structures?
Multiple choice question. - Answers :microscope
Which of these refers to the ability to visualize a particular cell structure and may involve
staining? - Answers :contrast
What parameter of an optical instrument refers to its ability to make small objects
appear larger? - Answers :magnification
The resolution of this microscope is better than a light microscope: - Answers :electron
microscrope
The ability to visualize a particular cell structure based on how different it looks from an
adjacent structure is called - Answers :contrast
The process that selectively labels individual components of a cell and may greatly
improve contrast is the application of a(n) - Answers :stains (staining)
What are the two main types of electron microscopy? - Answers :Transmission and
Scanning electron microscopy
What is the main difference between a light and electron microscope? - Answers :the
source of illumination
,The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism is called its ______. -
Answers :genome
True or false: The resolution of an electron microscope is far better than that of a light
microscope. - Answers :true
Based on cell structure, all life forms can be placed into two categories called - Answers
:eukaryotes and prokaryote
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they lack a membrane-enclosed
_________ which houses the DNA. - Answers :nucleus / nuclei
Prokaryotes consists of two categories of organisms: - Answers :bacteria and archaea
A phospholipid bilayer that forms a barrier between a cell and its external environment
is the - Answers :plasma membrane
The entire complement of the genetic material of a species is its - Answers :genome
The area of the cell that is surrounded by the plasma membrane is called the ______. -
Answers :cytoplasm
The cell walls of most bacteria and archaea are ______. - Answers :rigid
What do prokaryotes lack? - Answers :nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Appendages used by prokaryotic cells to move are called - Answers :flagella
Identify the two categories that prokaryotes can be divided into from an evolutionary
perspective. - Answers :archaea and bacteria
What property do flagella provide to bacterial cells? - Answers :motility
What is the phospholipid bilayer barrier between the cell and its external environment
called? - Answers :plasma membrane
Where is most of the DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? - Answers :nucleus
In a bacterial cell, the region of the cell contained within the plasma membrane is called
the - Answers :cytoplasm
Which of the following is the best reason for cells being small?
Larger cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Larger cells would require more nutrients and there is usually a limited supply.
, The cell membrane can only stretch so much and so cannot accommodate the larger
size.
Larger cells would create too much heat and enzymes will denature. - Answers :Larger
cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Nearly all species of archaea and bacteria have rigid _______________ that supports
and protects the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. - Answers :cell walls
What is used by prokaryotes to move? - Answers :flagella
_________ are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial
cells. - Answers :flagella
What term describes the region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the membrane-bound
organelles but inside the plasma membrane? - Answers :cytosol
In eukaryotic cells, most of the DNA is housed in an internal compartment, or organelle,
called the - Answers :nucleus
Which statement best describes the cytosol?
A central region that contains the genetic material
An external region that aids in cell movement
An external region that protects the cytoplasm
A central region that coordinates many metabolic activities - Answers :A central region
that coordinates many metabolic activities
What best explains why most cells are small? - Answers :Cells must be small to be able
to take up nutrients efficiently.
Intermediate filaments and actin compose this cell structure: - Answers :cytoskeleton
The class of proteins that use ATP as a source of energy to promote various types of
movements is called - Answers :motor proteins
The double membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus is the ______. - Answers
:nuclear envelope
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of - Answers :cisternae
The proper term for an internal space of an organelle is a(n) - Answers :lumen
Who speculated that cells are living entities and plants are aggregates of cells? -
Answers :Schleiden
Who proposed that all cells originate from other cells? - Answers :Virchow
Which of these statements is not a part of the cell theory?
All cells are replaced
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
new cells come only from pre-existing cells by cell division
cells are the smallest units of life - Answers :all cells are replaced
The field that involves the study of cells and how they interact with other cells is termed
- Answers :cell/cellular biology/physiology
In terms of cell size, the majority of cells are - Answers :too small to be seen with the
unaided eye
Which scientists are credited with the cell theory? - Answers :Schleiden and Schwann
The German botanist who speculated in 1838 that cells are living entities and that plants
are aggregates of cells was - Answers :Schleiden
The interaction of which of the following macromolecules plays an important role in the
formation of living cells?
DNA
Lipids
Carbs
RNA
Proteins - Answers :DNA, RNA, Proteins
How would early cells benefit from DNA replacing RNA as the information storage
molecule? - Answers :RNA would have more flexibility in its catalytic functions.
,Information would be stored in a more stable molecule.
A magnification tool that enables researchers to study the structure and function of cells
is the - Answers :microscope
A photograph taken by means of a microscope is called a(n) - Answers :micrograph
Which macromolecule forms the foundation for the structure and activities of living
cells?
Multiple choice question. - Answers :proteins
What are the three important parameters of microscopy?
Multiple select question. - Answers :resolution, contrast, magnification
The different chemical properties of amino acids have given proteins ______ catalytic
ability than RNA molecules. - Answers :greater
The ability to observe two adjacent objects as distinct from one another, a measure of
clarity, is called - Answers :resolution
Which of these is an optical instrument that allows researchers to view and study very
small objects, such as cellular structures?
Multiple choice question. - Answers :microscope
Which of these refers to the ability to visualize a particular cell structure and may involve
staining? - Answers :contrast
What parameter of an optical instrument refers to its ability to make small objects
appear larger? - Answers :magnification
The resolution of this microscope is better than a light microscope: - Answers :electron
microscrope
The ability to visualize a particular cell structure based on how different it looks from an
adjacent structure is called - Answers :contrast
The process that selectively labels individual components of a cell and may greatly
improve contrast is the application of a(n) - Answers :stains (staining)
What are the two main types of electron microscopy? - Answers :Transmission and
Scanning electron microscopy
What is the main difference between a light and electron microscope? - Answers :the
source of illumination
,The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism is called its ______. -
Answers :genome
True or false: The resolution of an electron microscope is far better than that of a light
microscope. - Answers :true
Based on cell structure, all life forms can be placed into two categories called - Answers
:eukaryotes and prokaryote
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they lack a membrane-enclosed
_________ which houses the DNA. - Answers :nucleus / nuclei
Prokaryotes consists of two categories of organisms: - Answers :bacteria and archaea
A phospholipid bilayer that forms a barrier between a cell and its external environment
is the - Answers :plasma membrane
The entire complement of the genetic material of a species is its - Answers :genome
The area of the cell that is surrounded by the plasma membrane is called the ______. -
Answers :cytoplasm
The cell walls of most bacteria and archaea are ______. - Answers :rigid
What do prokaryotes lack? - Answers :nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Appendages used by prokaryotic cells to move are called - Answers :flagella
Identify the two categories that prokaryotes can be divided into from an evolutionary
perspective. - Answers :archaea and bacteria
What property do flagella provide to bacterial cells? - Answers :motility
What is the phospholipid bilayer barrier between the cell and its external environment
called? - Answers :plasma membrane
Where is most of the DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? - Answers :nucleus
In a bacterial cell, the region of the cell contained within the plasma membrane is called
the - Answers :cytoplasm
Which of the following is the best reason for cells being small?
Larger cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Larger cells would require more nutrients and there is usually a limited supply.
, The cell membrane can only stretch so much and so cannot accommodate the larger
size.
Larger cells would create too much heat and enzymes will denature. - Answers :Larger
cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Nearly all species of archaea and bacteria have rigid _______________ that supports
and protects the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. - Answers :cell walls
What is used by prokaryotes to move? - Answers :flagella
_________ are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial
cells. - Answers :flagella
What term describes the region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the membrane-bound
organelles but inside the plasma membrane? - Answers :cytosol
In eukaryotic cells, most of the DNA is housed in an internal compartment, or organelle,
called the - Answers :nucleus
Which statement best describes the cytosol?
A central region that contains the genetic material
An external region that aids in cell movement
An external region that protects the cytoplasm
A central region that coordinates many metabolic activities - Answers :A central region
that coordinates many metabolic activities
What best explains why most cells are small? - Answers :Cells must be small to be able
to take up nutrients efficiently.
Intermediate filaments and actin compose this cell structure: - Answers :cytoskeleton
The class of proteins that use ATP as a source of energy to promote various types of
movements is called - Answers :motor proteins
The double membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus is the ______. - Answers
:nuclear envelope
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of - Answers :cisternae
The proper term for an internal space of an organelle is a(n) - Answers :lumen
