Test Bank For Managing Engineering and Technology 7th Edition All Chapters - 9780137982004.pdf

PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY- b b b b b


DIPLOMA STUDIES COMPUTER ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT
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FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT (3341603) QUESTIO b b b b b


N BANK b




3, 4, 7 marks questions
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1. Explain the need of Software Engineering. (3) (S-2018,S-2017,W-2016,W-
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b2017,S-2016)
• Software engineering is a branch in computer science that deals with develo
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ping applications. It covers the technical part of building software systems th
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rough designing, implementing, and modifying software. It also covers soft
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ware management issues, such as directing programming teams, scheduling,
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and budgeting. b


• Software engineering may be defined as the systematic design and develop
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ment of software products and the management of the software process.
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NEED OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
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• Software engineering is methodology provides the framework that guides en
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gineers to developing the software. This framework defines different phases
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of software development such as requirements analysis, designing, impleme
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ntation, testing, maintenance etc. b b b


• Software engineering describes how the software is designed, what types of t
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heir requirements and what types of different phases are needed to complete t
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he software product.
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• The main goal of software engineering is to provide process models that prod
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uce well- documented, maintainable software.
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• Using process model we can determine in advance how much time, cost and e
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fforts are required to produce the final complete product.
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• The software development life cycle (SDLC) is a framework defining tasks p
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erformed at each step in the software development process.
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• SDLC includes requirement phase, design phase, implementation phase, testi
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ng phase and maintenance phase.
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• Different process models are used in different condition and situations. This
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process model specifies a general process, set of stages in which a project sho
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uld be divided, the order in which the stages should be executed.
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, PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY- b b b b b


DIPLOMA STUDIES COMPUTER ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT
b b b b b


FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT (3341603) QUESTIO b b b b b


N BANK b




2. Explain: “Software doesn’t wear out, but it does deteriorate.” (3) (W-2015)
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• In figure, the relationship between time and failure called “bath-tub curve”.
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• It indicates that hardware exhibits relatively high failure rates early in its life, th
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en defects are corrected and the failure rate drops to a steady-
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state level for some period of time.
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• As time passes, however, the failure rate rises again as hardware components su
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ffer from the affects of dust, vibration, temperature extremes, and many other e
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nvironmental factors. b


• So, simply, we can say hardware begins to wear out.
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, PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY- b b b b b


DIPLOMA STUDIES COMPUTER ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT
b b b b b


FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT (3341603) QUESTIO b b b b b


N BANK b




• The above figure shows the software failure rate.
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• Software is not highly affected by environmental effects.
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• In the early stage, due to many errors, software could have high failure.
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• But it becomes reliable as time passes instead of wearing out. Once software is
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made it has a longer life span.
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• In actual curve, we can see that software may have increased failure rate as it m
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ay become obsolete as the environment in which it was developed, changes.
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• Spike in the curve if due to chance of maintenance and side effects.
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• Software may be retired due to new requirement.
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• So, software doesn’t wear out, but it may be deteriorate.
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, PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY- b b b b b


DIPLOMA STUDIES COMPUTER ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT
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FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT (3341603) QUESTIO b b b b b


N BANK b




3. Explain Software Process Framework Activities. (3) (S-2017)
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Generic Framework Activities OR Process Framework Activity.
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o Process model define a set of framework activities that are always ap
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plicable to any type of project is called generic framework activities.
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o There are five process framework activities:
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▪ Communication: This activity involves communication with
customers to gather requirements and other related activities. b b b b b b b


▪ Planning: it required to define resources, timelines, describing te b b b b b b b b


chnical and management risks. b b b


▪ Modelling: A model will be created to better understand the re b b b b b b b b b b


quirements and design to achieve these requirements. b b b b b b

▪ Construction: Here the code will be generated and tested. b b b b b b b b


▪ Deployment: Here, a complete or partially complete version of the s b b b b b b b b b b


oftware is represented to the customers to evaluate and they give feed
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backs based on the evaluation. b b b b


o These above described five activities can be used in any kind of software develo
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pment.
o Each framework activity contain number of task set that identifies work task that
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are to be completed, milestones that will be used to indicate progress,
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