PATH 1000 Final Exam
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1. What is pulmonary disease?: Type of disease that affects the lungs and other
associated parts of the respiratory system.
2. Describe pulmonary disease: Acute, obstructive, chronic or infectious/non-in-
fectious
3. Pulmonary disease can be associated with other organs - True or False: True
- the heart in particular
4. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease (8): -Dyspnea
-Cough
-Sputum
-Pain
-Cyanosis
-Clubbing
-Hemopysis
-Abnormal breathing patterns
5. Coughing up blood: hemoptysis
6. What is kussmal respiration?: increased respirations and tidal volumes
7. Alternating breathing patterns of deep and shallow breathing: cheyne-stokes
8. What is hypoxemia: reduced oxygenation of arterial blood
9. What is hypoxia?: deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues
10. What happens in respiratory failure?: Defined as inadequate gas exchange.
Can result from injury to lungs, airway or chest wall or indirectly from disease to
other body systems
11. What is flail chest?: Results from fractures of ribs, which allow ribs to move
independently during respiration
12. Clinical manifestations flail chest? (5): -Pain in chest
-Tenderness
-Difficulty breathing
-Bruising and inflammation
-Paradoxical movement when breathing
13. What is primary (spontaneous) pneumothorax?: occurs when a small air
blister (bleb) on the top of the lung ruptures
14. What is secondary pneumothorax?: Caused by disease, trauma, injury, or
condition
15. What causes iatrogenic pneumothorax?: transthoracic needle aspiration
16. When is the difference between open and closed pneumothorax?: Open
air pressure enters into pleural space during inspiration and exits during expiration.
Closed air does not escape pleural space during expiration
17. Presence of fluid in plural space: pleural effusion
18. Collection of blood in the pleural space: hemothorax
, PATH 1000 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gv16nz
19. Presence of pus in the plural space: Empyema
20. what is a restrictive lung disorder: decrease compliance of the lung tissue
21. What is the impact from restrictive lung disorders?: Individuals experience
dyspnea, increased respiratory rate, and decreased tidal volume
22. Passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung: Aspiration
23. Clinical manifestations of aspiration?: -Sudden onset of choking
-Intractable cough
-fever
-dyspnea
-Wheezing
24. Collapse of lung tissue: atelectasis
25. What are the 3 types of atelectasis?: - Compression
- Absorption
- Surfactant
26. Clinical manifestations of atelectasis? (4): -Dyspnea
-Fever
-Cough
-Leukocytosis
27. persistant abnormal dilation of the bronchi: Bronchiectasis
28. clinical manifestations include: chronic productive cough, a lot of foul
smelling sputum, hemoptysis and clubbing: bronchiectasis
29. excessive amount of fibrous or connective tissue in the lungs: pulmonary
fibrosis
30. Pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis: caused by formation of scar tissue
after active pulmonary diseases, autoimmune disorders, arthritis, or inhalation in-
juries - chronic inflammation leads to fibrosis and marked loss of lung compliance
31. Can occur in otherwise healthy individuals in association with an upper or
lower respiratory tract infection: bronchiolitis in adults
32. excess water in the lungs: pulmonary edema
33. causes of pulmonary edema: left sided heart disease or capillary injury
34. clinical manifestations of pulmonary edema? (5): -Dyspnea
-Hypoxemia
-increased work of breathing
-Crackles (rales)
-Dullness on percussion
35. Treatment for pulmonary edema: depends on cause - left sided heart failure:
diuretics, vasodilators and medications, capillary injury: maintain adequate ventila-
tion and circulation
, PATH 1000 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gv16nz
36. Represents a spectrum of acute lung inflammation and defuse alveolocap-
illary injury: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
37. Clinical manifestations of ARDS? (6): -dyspnea
-hyperventilation
-decreased perfusion
-organ dysfunction
-increased work of breathing
-decreased tidal volume
38. What is asthma?: chronic lung disease causing narrowing and inflammation of
the airways particularly the bronchi and bronchioles
39. Clinical manifestations of asthma?: - chest constriction
- expiratory wheezing
- dyspnea
- non productive cough
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
40. Treatments includes avoidance of irritants, short acting beta agonist in-
halers: treatment for asthma
41. common preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent air-
flow limitation that is usually progressive with chronic inflammatory response
in the airways: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
42. Clinical manifestations of COPD: -Shortness of breath
-wheezing
-chest tightness
-chronic cough
-frequent respiratory infections
-lack of energy
-unintended weight loss
43. treatment for COPD: Bronchodilators, oxygen, surged (bullectomy) (lung vol-
ume reduction) (lung transplant), lifestyle changes
44. Hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough for at least 3
months of the year: chronic obstructive bronchitis
45. abnormal enlargement of gas exchange airways accompanied by destruc-
tion of alveolar walls: emphysema
46. acute infections of inflammation of the airways or bronchi and is usually
self limiting, mostly caused by viruses: acute bronchitis
47. Clinical manifestations include: fever, cough, chills and malaise: acute
bronchitis
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gv16nz
1. What is pulmonary disease?: Type of disease that affects the lungs and other
associated parts of the respiratory system.
2. Describe pulmonary disease: Acute, obstructive, chronic or infectious/non-in-
fectious
3. Pulmonary disease can be associated with other organs - True or False: True
- the heart in particular
4. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease (8): -Dyspnea
-Cough
-Sputum
-Pain
-Cyanosis
-Clubbing
-Hemopysis
-Abnormal breathing patterns
5. Coughing up blood: hemoptysis
6. What is kussmal respiration?: increased respirations and tidal volumes
7. Alternating breathing patterns of deep and shallow breathing: cheyne-stokes
8. What is hypoxemia: reduced oxygenation of arterial blood
9. What is hypoxia?: deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues
10. What happens in respiratory failure?: Defined as inadequate gas exchange.
Can result from injury to lungs, airway or chest wall or indirectly from disease to
other body systems
11. What is flail chest?: Results from fractures of ribs, which allow ribs to move
independently during respiration
12. Clinical manifestations flail chest? (5): -Pain in chest
-Tenderness
-Difficulty breathing
-Bruising and inflammation
-Paradoxical movement when breathing
13. What is primary (spontaneous) pneumothorax?: occurs when a small air
blister (bleb) on the top of the lung ruptures
14. What is secondary pneumothorax?: Caused by disease, trauma, injury, or
condition
15. What causes iatrogenic pneumothorax?: transthoracic needle aspiration
16. When is the difference between open and closed pneumothorax?: Open
air pressure enters into pleural space during inspiration and exits during expiration.
Closed air does not escape pleural space during expiration
17. Presence of fluid in plural space: pleural effusion
18. Collection of blood in the pleural space: hemothorax
, PATH 1000 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gv16nz
19. Presence of pus in the plural space: Empyema
20. what is a restrictive lung disorder: decrease compliance of the lung tissue
21. What is the impact from restrictive lung disorders?: Individuals experience
dyspnea, increased respiratory rate, and decreased tidal volume
22. Passage of fluid and solid particles into the lung: Aspiration
23. Clinical manifestations of aspiration?: -Sudden onset of choking
-Intractable cough
-fever
-dyspnea
-Wheezing
24. Collapse of lung tissue: atelectasis
25. What are the 3 types of atelectasis?: - Compression
- Absorption
- Surfactant
26. Clinical manifestations of atelectasis? (4): -Dyspnea
-Fever
-Cough
-Leukocytosis
27. persistant abnormal dilation of the bronchi: Bronchiectasis
28. clinical manifestations include: chronic productive cough, a lot of foul
smelling sputum, hemoptysis and clubbing: bronchiectasis
29. excessive amount of fibrous or connective tissue in the lungs: pulmonary
fibrosis
30. Pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis: caused by formation of scar tissue
after active pulmonary diseases, autoimmune disorders, arthritis, or inhalation in-
juries - chronic inflammation leads to fibrosis and marked loss of lung compliance
31. Can occur in otherwise healthy individuals in association with an upper or
lower respiratory tract infection: bronchiolitis in adults
32. excess water in the lungs: pulmonary edema
33. causes of pulmonary edema: left sided heart disease or capillary injury
34. clinical manifestations of pulmonary edema? (5): -Dyspnea
-Hypoxemia
-increased work of breathing
-Crackles (rales)
-Dullness on percussion
35. Treatment for pulmonary edema: depends on cause - left sided heart failure:
diuretics, vasodilators and medications, capillary injury: maintain adequate ventila-
tion and circulation
, PATH 1000 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gv16nz
36. Represents a spectrum of acute lung inflammation and defuse alveolocap-
illary injury: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
37. Clinical manifestations of ARDS? (6): -dyspnea
-hyperventilation
-decreased perfusion
-organ dysfunction
-increased work of breathing
-decreased tidal volume
38. What is asthma?: chronic lung disease causing narrowing and inflammation of
the airways particularly the bronchi and bronchioles
39. Clinical manifestations of asthma?: - chest constriction
- expiratory wheezing
- dyspnea
- non productive cough
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
40. Treatments includes avoidance of irritants, short acting beta agonist in-
halers: treatment for asthma
41. common preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent air-
flow limitation that is usually progressive with chronic inflammatory response
in the airways: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
42. Clinical manifestations of COPD: -Shortness of breath
-wheezing
-chest tightness
-chronic cough
-frequent respiratory infections
-lack of energy
-unintended weight loss
43. treatment for COPD: Bronchodilators, oxygen, surged (bullectomy) (lung vol-
ume reduction) (lung transplant), lifestyle changes
44. Hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough for at least 3
months of the year: chronic obstructive bronchitis
45. abnormal enlargement of gas exchange airways accompanied by destruc-
tion of alveolar walls: emphysema
46. acute infections of inflammation of the airways or bronchi and is usually
self limiting, mostly caused by viruses: acute bronchitis
47. Clinical manifestations include: fever, cough, chills and malaise: acute
bronchitis
