WGU D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION

WGU D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION 1. What is involved in the chemical digestion of protein? - ANSWER Trypsin 2. As food enters the small intestine, which path does it take? - ANSWER Pyloric sphincter, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ileocecal valve, cecum 3. In which part of the digestive tract does most food get digested? - ANSWER Duodenum 4. In which organ are most of the nutrients from food absorbed? - ANSWER Small intestine 5. What 2 things happen to carbohydrates after they are absorbed? - ANSWER 1. Catabolize into ATP for energy. 2. Converted into fats for storage. 6. What is the major function of the large intestine in the process of digestion? - ANSWER Absorption of water 7. Where is the blockage that would prevent bile and pancreatic juices from being secreted into the duodenum? - ANSWER Hepatopancreatic ampulla 8. If bile is unable to be secreted into the duodenum, what would result? - ANSWER Fats cannot be broken down 9. Which cells of the pancreas secrete bicarbonate ions? - ANSWER Centroacinar cells 10.Without bicarbonate ions being released into the duodenum, what may result? - ANSWER Destruction of the intestinal wall from acidic chyme 11.Which hormone is affected if the pancreas is damaged by chronic inflammation? - ANSWER Insulin 12.Which cells of the pancreas normally secrete insulin? - ANSWER Beta cells 13.Are beta cells endocrine or exocrine glands? - ANSWER Endocrine 14.What is the function of insulin? - ANSWER Regulates glucose levels in the blood 15.Damage from chronic inflammation of the pancreas. What condition may develop if the damage becomes extensive? - ANSWER Type I diabetes 16.What are the male gametes called? - ANSWER Sperm 17.What is the function of the epididymis? - ANSWER Sperm maturation and storage 18.What is the name of the inner layer of the testicular capsule that projects into the testes and divides each testes into lobules? - ANSWER Tunica albuginea 19.What 2 things are found within the spermatic cord? - ANSWER 1. Arteries and veins 2. Ductus deferens 20.In men, what passes through the inguinal canal? - ANSWER Spermatic cord 21.The ductus deferens merge with the ducts of the seminal vesicles to form the____. - ANSWER Ejaculatory duct 22.Which 2 organ systems are the male urethra part of? - ANSWER 1. Reproductive 2. Urinary 23.The male urethra is ____ than the female urethra. - ANSWER Longer 24.Which muscle wrinkles the skin of the scrotum to decrease the surface area and prevent heat loss? - ANSWER Dartos muscle 25.Which glands are found at the base of the penis? - ANSWER Bulbourethral glands 26.Which structure lies underneath the bladder and surrounds the beginning of the urethra? - ANSWER Prostate gland 27.Which structure is the site of gas exchange within the lung? - ANSWER Alveoli 28.True or False: The right primary bronchus is more vertical than the left primary bronchus. - ANSWER True 29.What are the primary cells of the adaptive immune response? - ANSWER lymphocytes 30.What substances are anti microbial? - ANSWER Complement system, interferon, iron binding proteins 31.Which type of immune cell is most directly effective against bacteria? - ANSWER Complement cell 32.Which type of immune cell works in concert with cytotoxic T cells against virally infected cells? - ANSWER Natural killer cells 33.The process that signals phagocytes that the pathogen needs to be ingested is called? - ANSWER Opsonization 34.Which type of immune cell secretes chemical messengers? - ANSWER T lymphocyte cell 35.Which cells are important in the innate immune response? - ANSWER Macrophages 36.Where do multipotent stem cells mature into immunocompetent B cells and pre-T cells? - ANSWER Red marrow 37.Which body systems pump lymph fluid to the bloodstream? - ANSWER Skeletal and respiratory muscle pumps 38.What is considered part of the first line of immune defense? - ANSWER Coughing, mucosa, skin 39.What are the stages of inflammation? - ANSWER Emigration of phagocytes, tissue repair, vasodilation 40.How would the body respond to hep. B exposure with an unvaccinated person? - ANSWER The body would produce a fever and increase adaptive immune response by activating helper and cytotoxic T cells 41.Where do b and T cells generate from? - ANSWER Bone marrow 42.What is the role of the B cell? - ANSWER To make plasma cells and ultimately antibodies 43.What is the role of helper T cells? - ANSWER Active B cell, activate other T cells, promote cytokine release 44.________ immunity attacks pathogens that have invaded the cells of the body. It is controlled by __________ which react to antigens present in the surfaces of the infected cells triggering their destruction - ANSWER Cell meduated, T cells 45.Which area contains the tonsils? - ANSWER Oropharynx 46.Which vessels supply the lung tissue with oxygenated blood? - ANSWER Bronchial arteries 47.Where would you expect to find the esophageal hiatus? - ANSWER Diaphragm 48.Which muscle is most active during forced exhalation? - ANSWER Internal intercostal 49.Where would you expect to find plural fluid? - ANSWER Between the visceral and parietal pleural membranes 50.What is the apex of the lung? - ANSWER Superior tip 51.Which paranasal sinuses are located within the cheeks, just below the eyes? - ANSWER Maxillary sinuses 52.Which structures are part of the bronchial tree? - ANSWER 1. Bronchi 2. Respiratory bronchioles 3. Terminal bronchioles 53.The pleura that surrounds the lungs consists of two layers, the_______. - ANSWER Visceral and parietal pleurae 54.What is the correct order of structures through which air will flow as it enters the lungs? - ANSWER Tertiary bronchi, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts 55.What are 3 structural features of the trachea? - ANSWER 1. C-shaped cartilage 2. Cilia 3. Smooth muscle fibers 56.Which region serves as a common pathway for food and air? - ANSWER Oropharynx