S-130 Module 1 (Preparedness, ICS, & Resources) Questions with Correct Answers

What is the "origin" of a fire? - ANSWERSThe origin is the area where the fire started. What is the "head" of a fire? - ANSWERSThe head is the part of a wildfire with the greatest forward rate of spread. You have to control the head and prevent the formation of new heads to suppress a wildland fire. What are "fingers" on a fire? - ANSWERSFingers are typically long, narrow strips of fire that extend from the main body of a fire. Caution: Uncontrolled fingers may form new heads. What is a "pocket" in a fire? - ANSWERSA pocket is the unburned area between the main fire and any fingers. What is the "perimeter" of a fire? - ANSWERSThe perimeter is the outer boundary - or the distance around the outside edge - of the burning or burned area. Also commonly called the fire edge. What is the "rear" or "heel" of a fire? - ANSWERSIt is the end opposite the head . Therefore it is relatively closer to the point of origin than to the head. Because the fire at the, (blank), burns into any prevailing wind, it generally burns with low intensity and has a low ROS. - ANSWERSHeel What are "flanks" on a fire? - ANSWERSFlanks are the sides of a wildland fire, roughly parallel to the main direction of fire spread. Why is it important to control flanks of a fire ASAP? - ANSWERSBecause: 1. A shift in wind direction may quickly change a flank into a head. 2. Fingers often extend from flanks What are "islands" in a fire? - ANSWERSIslands are unburned areas inside the fire perimeter. Since islands are unburned potential fuels, patrol them frequently & check for spot fires. Islands close to a, (blank), line may flare up later & start spot fire across the control line. Therefore you may want to burn them out. - ANSWERSControl line When does a "slopover" occur? - ANSWERSA slopover occurs when fire crosses a control line or natural barrier intended to contain the fire, Note: A slopover occurs immediately across & adjacent to the control line whereas spot fires occur some distance from the control line. What is the "green"? - ANSWERSThe green is ANY area that is NOT BURNT but is adjacent to an involved area. The edge of the, (blank), is usually where you construct a control line. - ANSWERSGreen What is the "black"? - ANSWERSThe black or the burn is the area in which the fire has consumed the fuels. If a surface fire leaves aerial, (blank), more or less intact in the black, or visa-versa, a reburn can occur when burning conditions are more favorable. - ANSWERSFuels As a rule of thumb, there 60 minutes in an hours and just over, (blank), feet in a chain. - ANSWERS60 feet 1 feet per minute equals, (blank), chains per hour - ANSWERS1 Chain 10 feet per minute equals, (blank), chains per hour - ANSWERS10 Chains Fire Spread is the same thing as, (blank) - ANSWERSRate of Spread (ROS) (Blank), fires burn without a flame and very low ROS. - ANSWERSSmoldering (Blank), fires burn with a low flame and low ROS. - ANSWERSCreeping A, (blank), fire is one that spreads rapidly with a well-defined head. - ANSWERSRunning What is a backing fire? - ANSWERSA backing fire is where the fire moves AWAY from the head, downhill, or against the wind. Place the following terms in order from the lowest ROS to the highest: Crowning Running Smoldering Creeping Torching Crowning - ANSWERS1. Smoldering 2. Creeping 3. Running 4. Torching 5. Crowning What is a "control line"? - ANSWERSA control line refers to all constructed or natural fire barriers. What is a "fireline"? - ANSWERSA fireline is any cleared strip or portion of a control line where flammable materials have been removed by scraping or digging down to mineral soil. What is an "anchor point"? - ANSWERSAny good place where you can start constructing a fireline. Generally, a fire barrier is a safe anchor point.Using an anchor point minimizes the chance of being outflanked by the fire while the line is being constructed. (Blank), begins after a fire has been completely surrounded by control lines. - ANSWERSMop-up What are some good anchor points? - ANSWERSThings such as a road, lake, pond, stream, earlier burn, or cliff. This type of barrier provides a safety point for you that will keep you from getting outflanked by the fire. During, (blank), you will extinguish all smoldering material within a specified distance from a, (blank), line as conditions indicate. - ANSWERSControl Line A class, (blank), fire is the smallest fire and class, (blank), is the largest. - ANSWERSA; G How much should your total individual weight gear be? - ANSWERS65 pounds How much should your Web gear weight be without water? - ANSWERS20 pounds What should your personal gear weigh? - ANSWERS45 pounds What 3 things does your wildland firefighter protective clothing protect you from? - ANSWERS1. Personal injury 2. Radiant heat; & 3. Hostile ambient temperature conditions