TEST BANKg
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
G G G G G G G G
8thgEdition
KathryngL.gMcCance,gSuegE.gHuether
, g 2
Contents
Chapterg01:gCellulargBiology ......................................................................................................................... 4
Chapterg02:gAlteredgCellulargandgTissuegBiology:gEnvironmentalgAgents .................................................. 18
Chapterg03:gThegCellulargEnvironment:gFluidsgandgElectrolytes,gAcidsgandgBases ..................................... 31
Chapterg04:gGenesgandgGeneticgDiseases ................................................................................................... 44
Chapterg05:gGenes,gEnvironment-Lifestyle,gandgCommongDiseases .......................................................... 55
Chapterg06:gEpigeneticsgandgDisease .......................................................................................................... 63
Chapterg07:gInnategImmunity:gInflammationgandgWoundgHealing............................................................. 68
Chapterg08:gAdaptivegImmunity.................................................................................................................. 83
Chapterg09:gAlterationsgingImmunitygandgInflammation ............................................................................ 95
Chapterg10:gInfection ................................................................................................................................ 108
Chapterg11:gStressgandgDisease ................................................................................................................ 117
Chapterg12:gCancergBiology ...................................................................................................................... 124
Chapterg13:gCancergEpidemiology............................................................................................................. 137
Chapterg14:gCancergingChildren................................................................................................................. 143
Chapterg15:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegNeurologicgSystem ............................................................... 148
Chapterg16:gPain,gTemperaturegRegulation,gSleep,gandgSensorygFunction .............................................. 159
Chapterg17:gAlterationsgingCognitivegSystems,gCerebralgHemodynamics,gandgMotorgFunction .............. 174
Chapterg18:gDisordersgofgthegCentralgandgPeripheralgNervousgSystemsgandgthegNeuromusculargJunction
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapterg19:gNeurobiologygofgSchizophrenia,gMoodgDisorders,gandgAnxietygDisorders ........................... 199
Chapterg20:gAlterationsgofgNeurologicgFunctiongingChildren .................................................................... 206
Chapterg21:gMechanismsgofgHormonalgRegulation .................................................................................. 213
Chapterg22:gAlterationsgofgHormonalgRegulation ..................................................................................... 222
Chapterg23:gObesitygandgDisordersgofgNutrition....................................................................................... 234
Chapterg24:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegReproductivegSystems.......................................................... 239
Chapterg25:gAlterationsgofgthegFemalegReproductivegSystem .................................................................. 249
Chapterg26:gAlterationsgofgthegMalegReproductivegSystem ..................................................................... 259
Chapterg27:gSexuallygTransmittedgInfections ............................................................................................ 265
Chapterg28:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegHematologicgSystem ............................................................ 273
Chapterg29:gAlterationsgofgErythrocytes,gPlatelets,gandgHemostaticgFunction ........................................ 283
, g 3
Chapterg30:gAlterationsgofgLeukocytegandgLymphoidgFunction ................................................................ 293
Chapterg31:gAlterationsgofgHematologicgFunctiongingChildren ................................................................. 300
Chapterg32:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegCardiovasculargandgLymphaticgSystems............................... 311
Chapterg33:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunction................................................................................. 324
Chapterg34:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunctiongingChildren .............................................................. 338
Chapterg35:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegPulmonarygSystem ............................................................... 346
Chapterg36:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunction....................................................................................... 356
Chapterg37:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunctiongingChildren .................................................................... 373
Chapterg38:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegRenalgandgUrologicgSystems ................................................ 381
Chapterg39:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunction ................................................................. 391
Chapterg40:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunctiongingChildren ............................................... 401
Chapterg41:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegDigestivegSystem .................................................................. 409
Chapterg42:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunction ......................................................................................... 421
Chapterg43:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunctiongingChildren ....................................................................... 432
Chapterg44:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegMusculoskeletalgSystem ...................................................... 441
Chapterg45:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunction .............................................................................. 453
Chapterg46:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunctiongingChildren............................................................ 466
Chapterg47:gStructure,gFunction,gandgDisordersgofgthegIntegument ........................................................ 475
Chapterg48:gAlterationsgofgthegIntegumentgingChildren ........................................................................... 486
Chapterg49:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingAdults ................................... 494
Chapterg50:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingChildren................................ 502
, TestgBankg-gPathophysiology:gThegBiologicgBasisgforgDiseasegingAdultsgandgChildreng(8th)g g 4
Chapterg01:gCellulargBiology
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Whichgstatementgbestgdescribesgthegcellulargfunctiongofgmetabolicgabsorption?
a. Cellsgcangproducegproteins.
b. Cellsgcangsecretegdigestivegenzymes.
c. Cellsgcangtakegingandgusegnutrients.
d. Cellsgcangsynthesizegfats.
ANS:g C
Ingmetabolicgabsorption,gallgcellsgtakegingandgusegnutrientsgandgothergsubstancesgfromgtheirgsurround
ings.gThegremaininggoptionsgaregnotginclusivegingtheirgdescriptionsgofgcellulargmetabolicgabsorption.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
2. Wheregisgmostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation,gincludinggRNAgandgDNA,gcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:g C
Thegnucleusgcontainsgthegnucleolus,gagsmallgdensegstructuregcomposedglargelygofgRNA,gmostgo
fgthegcellulargDNA,gandgthegDNA-
bindinggproteins,gsuchgasgtheghistones,gwhichgregulategitsgactivity.gThegmitochondriagaregrespo
nsiblegforgcellulargrespirationgandgenergygproduction.
Ribosomes’gchiefgfunctiongisgtogprovidegsitesgforgcellulargproteingsynthesis.gLysosomesgfunctio
ngasgthegintracellulargdigestivegsystem.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
3. Whichgcomponentgofgthegcellgproducesghydrogengperoxideg(H2O2)gbygusinggoxygengtogremov
eghydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:g B
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
G G G G G G G G
8thgEdition
KathryngL.gMcCance,gSuegE.gHuether
, g 2
Contents
Chapterg01:gCellulargBiology ......................................................................................................................... 4
Chapterg02:gAlteredgCellulargandgTissuegBiology:gEnvironmentalgAgents .................................................. 18
Chapterg03:gThegCellulargEnvironment:gFluidsgandgElectrolytes,gAcidsgandgBases ..................................... 31
Chapterg04:gGenesgandgGeneticgDiseases ................................................................................................... 44
Chapterg05:gGenes,gEnvironment-Lifestyle,gandgCommongDiseases .......................................................... 55
Chapterg06:gEpigeneticsgandgDisease .......................................................................................................... 63
Chapterg07:gInnategImmunity:gInflammationgandgWoundgHealing............................................................. 68
Chapterg08:gAdaptivegImmunity.................................................................................................................. 83
Chapterg09:gAlterationsgingImmunitygandgInflammation ............................................................................ 95
Chapterg10:gInfection ................................................................................................................................ 108
Chapterg11:gStressgandgDisease ................................................................................................................ 117
Chapterg12:gCancergBiology ...................................................................................................................... 124
Chapterg13:gCancergEpidemiology............................................................................................................. 137
Chapterg14:gCancergingChildren................................................................................................................. 143
Chapterg15:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegNeurologicgSystem ............................................................... 148
Chapterg16:gPain,gTemperaturegRegulation,gSleep,gandgSensorygFunction .............................................. 159
Chapterg17:gAlterationsgingCognitivegSystems,gCerebralgHemodynamics,gandgMotorgFunction .............. 174
Chapterg18:gDisordersgofgthegCentralgandgPeripheralgNervousgSystemsgandgthegNeuromusculargJunction
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapterg19:gNeurobiologygofgSchizophrenia,gMoodgDisorders,gandgAnxietygDisorders ........................... 199
Chapterg20:gAlterationsgofgNeurologicgFunctiongingChildren .................................................................... 206
Chapterg21:gMechanismsgofgHormonalgRegulation .................................................................................. 213
Chapterg22:gAlterationsgofgHormonalgRegulation ..................................................................................... 222
Chapterg23:gObesitygandgDisordersgofgNutrition....................................................................................... 234
Chapterg24:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegReproductivegSystems.......................................................... 239
Chapterg25:gAlterationsgofgthegFemalegReproductivegSystem .................................................................. 249
Chapterg26:gAlterationsgofgthegMalegReproductivegSystem ..................................................................... 259
Chapterg27:gSexuallygTransmittedgInfections ............................................................................................ 265
Chapterg28:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegHematologicgSystem ............................................................ 273
Chapterg29:gAlterationsgofgErythrocytes,gPlatelets,gandgHemostaticgFunction ........................................ 283
, g 3
Chapterg30:gAlterationsgofgLeukocytegandgLymphoidgFunction ................................................................ 293
Chapterg31:gAlterationsgofgHematologicgFunctiongingChildren ................................................................. 300
Chapterg32:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegCardiovasculargandgLymphaticgSystems............................... 311
Chapterg33:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunction................................................................................. 324
Chapterg34:gAlterationsgofgCardiovasculargFunctiongingChildren .............................................................. 338
Chapterg35:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegPulmonarygSystem ............................................................... 346
Chapterg36:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunction....................................................................................... 356
Chapterg37:gAlterationsgofgPulmonarygFunctiongingChildren .................................................................... 373
Chapterg38:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegRenalgandgUrologicgSystems ................................................ 381
Chapterg39:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunction ................................................................. 391
Chapterg40:gAlterationsgofgRenalgandgUrinarygTractgFunctiongingChildren ............................................... 401
Chapterg41:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegDigestivegSystem .................................................................. 409
Chapterg42:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunction ......................................................................................... 421
Chapterg43:gAlterationsgofgDigestivegFunctiongingChildren ....................................................................... 432
Chapterg44:gStructuregandgFunctiongofgthegMusculoskeletalgSystem ...................................................... 441
Chapterg45:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunction .............................................................................. 453
Chapterg46:gAlterationsgofgMusculoskeletalgFunctiongingChildren............................................................ 466
Chapterg47:gStructure,gFunction,gandgDisordersgofgthegIntegument ........................................................ 475
Chapterg48:gAlterationsgofgthegIntegumentgingChildren ........................................................................... 486
Chapterg49:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingAdults ................................... 494
Chapterg50:gShock,gMultiplegOrgangDysfunctiongSyndrome,gandgBurnsgingChildren................................ 502
, TestgBankg-gPathophysiology:gThegBiologicgBasisgforgDiseasegingAdultsgandgChildreng(8th)g g 4
Chapterg01:gCellulargBiology
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Whichgstatementgbestgdescribesgthegcellulargfunctiongofgmetabolicgabsorption?
a. Cellsgcangproducegproteins.
b. Cellsgcangsecretegdigestivegenzymes.
c. Cellsgcangtakegingandgusegnutrients.
d. Cellsgcangsynthesizegfats.
ANS:g C
Ingmetabolicgabsorption,gallgcellsgtakegingandgusegnutrientsgandgothergsubstancesgfromgtheirgsurround
ings.gThegremaininggoptionsgaregnotginclusivegingtheirgdescriptionsgofgcellulargmetabolicgabsorption.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
2. Wheregisgmostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation,gincludinggRNAgandgDNA,gcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:g C
Thegnucleusgcontainsgthegnucleolus,gagsmallgdensegstructuregcomposedglargelygofgRNA,gmostgo
fgthegcellulargDNA,gandgthegDNA-
bindinggproteins,gsuchgasgtheghistones,gwhichgregulategitsgactivity.gThegmitochondriagaregrespo
nsiblegforgcellulargrespirationgandgenergygproduction.
Ribosomes’gchiefgfunctiongisgtogprovidegsitesgforgcellulargproteingsynthesis.gLysosomesgfunctio
ngasgthegintracellulargdigestivegsystem.
PTS:g g 1 DIF: CognitivegLevel:gRemembering
3. Whichgcomponentgofgthegcellgproducesghydrogengperoxideg(H2O2)gbygusinggoxygengtogremov
eghydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:g B
